39602-93-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Pairing heterocyclic cations with closo-lcosahedral borane and carborane anions. i. benchtop aqueous synthesis of binary triazolium and imidazolium salts with limited water solubility
Shackelford, Scott A.,Belletire, John L.,Boatz, Jerry A.,Schneider, Stefan,Wheaton, Amanda K.,Wight, Brett A.,Hudgens, Leslie M.,Ammon, Herman L.,Strauss, Steven H.
, p. 2623 - 2626 (2009)
Ten new salts that pair triazolium and imidazolium cations with c/oso-icosahedral anions [B12H12]2 and [B 11H12]-were synthesized in water solvent using an open-air, benchtop method. These unreported [Heterocyclium] 2[B12H12] and [Heterocyclium][CB 12H12] salts extend reports of [Imidazolium][CB 12H12] and [Pyridinium][CB12H12] salts that were synthesized in anhydrous organic solvents under an inert atmosphere with glovebox or Schlenk techniques. Spectroscopic data, melting points, and densities are reported for each salt. Single-crystal X-ray structures are provided for the five new [B12H12] 2- salts.
Nonaborane and decaborane cluster anions can enhance the ignition delay in hypergolic ionic liquids and induce hypergolicity in molecular solvents
McCrary, Parker D.,Barber, Patrick S.,Kelley, Steven P.,Rogers, Robin D.
, p. 4770 - 4776 (2014)
The dissolution of nido-decaborane, B10H14, in ionic liquids that are hypergolic (fuels that spontaneously ignite upon contact with an appropriate oxidizer), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide, 1-methyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium dicyanamide, and 1-allyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide, led to the in situ generation of a nonaborane cluster anion, [B9H14]-, and reductions in ignition delays for the ionic liquids suggesting salts of borane anions could enhance hypergolic properties of ionic liquids. To explore these results, four salts based on [B10H13]- and [B9H 14]-, triethylammonium nido-decaborane, tetraethylammonium nido-decaborane, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium arachno-nonaborane, and N-butyl-N-methyl-pyrrolidinium arachano-nonaborane were synthesized from nido-decaborane by reaction of triethylamine or tetraethylammonium hydroxide with nido-decaborane in the case of salts containing the decaborane anion or via metathesis reactions between sodium nonaborane (Na[B9H 14]) and the corresponding organic chloride in the case of the salts containing the nonaborane anion. These borane cluster anion salts form stable solutions in some combustible polar aprotic solvents such as tetrahydrofuran and ethyl acetate and trigger hypergolic reactivity of these solutions. Solutions of these salts in polar protic solvents are not hypergolic.
Halogen free 1,2,3- and 1,2,4-triazolide based ionic liquids: Synthesis and properties
Savateev, Aleksandr,Liedel, Clemens,Tr?ger-Müller, Steffen,De León, Alberto S.,Antonietti, Markus,Dontsova, Dariya
, p. 10192 - 10195 (2017)
Triazoles have been successfully used as building blocks to create "fully organic" ILs featuring on both sides organic ions, i.e., 1,2,3- or 1,2,4-triazolide anions and 1,2,4-triazolium or imidazolium cations. Glass transition temperatures, densities and viscosities of these ILs were determined. Their electrochemical and thermal stability, and also conductivity, are higher than those for known ILs.
Hypergolic ionic liquids to mill, suspend, and ignite boron nanoparticles
McCrary, Parker D.,Beasley, Preston A.,Cojocaru, O. Andreea,Schneider, Stefan,Hawkins, Tommy W.,Perez, Jesus Paulo L.,McMahon, Brandon W.,Pfeil, Mark,Boatz, Jerry A.,Anderson, Scott L.,Son, Steven F.,Rogers, Robin D.
, p. 4311 - 4313 (2012)
Boron nanoparticles prepared by milling in the presence of a hypergolic energetic ionic liquid (EIL) are suspendable in the EIL and the EIL retains hypergolicity leading to the ignition of the boron. This approach allows for incorporation of a variety of nanoscale additives to improve EIL properties, such as energetic density and heat of combustion, while providing stability and safe handling of the nanomaterials. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012.
Pairing heterocyclic cations with closo-icosahedral borane and carborane anions, II: Benchtop alternative synthetic methodologies for binary triazolium and tetrazolium salts with significant water solubility
Belletire, John L.,Schneider, Stefan,Wight, Brett A.,Strauss, Steven L.,Shackelford, Scott A.
, p. 155 - 169 (2012)
Two efficient processes for the synthesis of 12 relatively water-soluble binary triazolium and the first tetrazolium borane [B12H12] and carborane [CB11H12] salts by a one-step, open-air metathesis reaction have been developed. First, a combination of exhaustive trituration of the two solid reactant salts with refluxing anhydrous acetonitrile followed by flash filtration through a plug of silica gel afforded excellent recovery for a broad series of otherwise water-soluble heterocyclium salts. Second, an alternative aqueous metathesis, driven to completion by precipitation of silver halides, followed by removal of water, redissolution in acetonitrile, and filtration through a silica-gel plug, also yielded such heterocyclium borane and carborane salts. Mixed 1:1 dication heterocyclium borane salts were first synthesized using this second procedure, and one example showed melting-point depression behavior. Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.
Cu(I)-Catalyzed regioselective synthesis of pyrazolo[5,1- c ]-1,2,4-triazoles
Jishkariani, Davit,Hall, C. Dennis,Oliferenko, Alexander A.,Leino, David,Katritzky, Alan R.
experimental part, p. 5813 - 5818 (2012/07/30)
Cycloadditions of terminal alkynes to 1,2,4-triazolium N-imides in the presence of base and Cu(I) afford pyrazolo[5,1-c]-1,2,4-triazoles regioselectively. The scope of alkynes, the influence of the electronic nature of the leaving group, and variations in the 1-alkyl substituent were examined. Quantum chemical calculations were employed to explain the distinct reactivity of the propiolates.
Pairing heterocyclic cations with closo-dodecafluorododecaborate (2-): Synthesis of binary heterocyclium(1+) salts and a Ag4(heterocycle) 84+ salt of B12F122-
Belletire, John L.,Schneider, Stefan,Shackelford, Scott A.,Peryshkov, Dmitry V.,Strauss, Steven H.
body text, p. 925 - 936 (2011/11/14)
Eight binary salts that pair triazolium(1+), imidazolium(1+), pyrimidinium(1+), or purinium(1+) cations with the icosahedral closo-dodecafluorododecaborate(2-) anion (B12F12 2-) were synthesized using open-air benchtop metathesis reactions in water or acetonitrile. The scale of the reactions varied from just milligrams to nearly one gram of the K2B12F12 starting material. Other reaction conditions, the scope of the reaction, and the solubilities for the new salts are discussed. Five [heterocyclium] 2[B12F12] salts, which were obtained in yields ranging from 84% to 99%, displayed significantly higher densities than the corresponding previously reported analogous [heterocyclium]2[B 12H12] and [heterocyclium][CB11H12] salts. A ninth high-density salt consisted of B12F12 2- paired with a complex Ag4(triazole)8 4+ cation. The structures of eight of the nine new compounds were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The density of five [heterocyclium]2[B12F12] salts was found to increase approximately linearly as the distance between the five-membered-ring heterocyclium(1+) cation centroids decreased. This work demonstrates additional flexibility for the rational design of ionic structures with predictable properties, which will ultimately permit the tailoring of ingredient-response behavior.
Energetic ionic salts
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Page/Page column 10; 11, (2010/07/06)
The invention provides a) a method for making improved ionic halide salts, e.g., 1-methyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium iodide and b) a method for making energetic ionic salts, e.g., 1-methyl-4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium nitrate, in high yield and purity from triazolium precursors. Also provided are the resulting novel salts from the above methods.
Energetic salts of azotetrazolate, iminobis(5-tetrazolate) and 5, 5′-bis(tetrazolate)
Ye, Chengfeng,Xiao, Ji-Chang,Twamley, Brendan,Shreeve, Jean'ne M.
, p. 2750 - 2752 (2007/10/03)
Energetic ionic salts of azotetrazolate (AT), iminobis(5-tetrazolate) (IBT) and 5, 5′-bis(tetrazole) (BT) were synthesized; 1-methyl-4- aminotriazolium azotetrazolate has a layered structure and exhibits a heat of formation of 44360 kJ kg-1. The Royal Society of Chemistry 2005.
REACTION OF 4-AMINO-1,2,4-TRIAZOLIUM SALTS WITH POLARIZED OLEFINS
Matsuda, Yoshiro,Chiyomaru, Yasusige,Furuno, Kazuki,Nishiyori, Takanobu
, p. 2777 - 2784 (2007/10/03)
The reaction of 4-amino-1,2,4-triazolium salts (5a,b) with polarized olefins (3a,b,4a) in the presence of K2CO3 in EtOH or DMSO directly yielded the back-donated 1,6-cyclization products, mesomeric betaines (6a-c,7a,b) via N-vinylimino ylides, while the r
