4461-33-0Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Scalable Synthetic Strategy for Unsymmetrical Trisubstituted s-Triazines
Liang, Helong,Li, Ganzhong,Zhang, Lei,Wang, Gefei,Song, Mingyu,Li, Heng,Yuan, Bingxin
supporting information, p. 5821 - 5825 (2021/08/01)
A scalable synthetic strategy to produce a large variety of unsymmetrical trisubstituted 1,3,5-triazines was developed. This protocol applied in situ formed acyl isocyanate from amide to react with amidine, introducing two substituents to the 1,3,5-triazinone ring with a low production cost and a simple workup procedure. The scalability of this method was demonstrated by translating a small-scale procedure to a multi-kilogram-scale synthesis. Chlorination and a further coupling reaction with various nucleophiles could provide unsymmetrical trisubstituted 1,3,5-triazines bearing diverse functional groups.
Synthetic method of substituted benzoyl isocyanate
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Paragraph 0023-0024, (2020/04/22)
The invention discloses a preparation method of substituted benzoyl isocyanate, and belongs to the field of pesticide/medicine intermediates. Substituted benzoyl chloride and cyanate react in an organic solvent in the presence of a composite catalyst composed of a Lewis acid and p-toluene sulfonic acid to generate substituted benzoyl isocyanate. The method avoids the use of expensive oxalyl chloride, highly toxic phosgene, and the like, inhibits the generation of side reaction and byproduct namely cyanobenzene, selects the reaction conditions suitable for commercialization, enhances the selectivity and yield of the reaction, and reduces the generation of wastes, production cost, and environmental pollution.
Doramectin structural derivative and synthesis method thereof
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Paragraph 0047; 0052, (2020/03/03)
The invention belongs to the field of compound synthesis, and particularly relates to a Doramectin structural derivative and a synthesis method thereof. The novel Doramectin structural derivative adopts the specific technical scheme that the invention provides a series of novel Doramectin structural derivatives. Compared with a conventional chemical pesticide, the Doramectin structural derivativehas the advantages of being higher in efficiency, low in toxin, environmentally friendly, higher in applicability and the like, and is hopeful to become a new-generation green environment-friendly biological pesticide, wherein an acyl urea compound in which R is 2,6-difluorophenyl has favorable diamond-back moth resisting activity; an acyl urea compound in which R is C3H5 has favorable corn borerresisting activity; and an acyl thiourea homologues compound in which R is 2,6-difluorophenyl has favorable mythimna separata resisting activity.
Design, Synthesis, and Insecticidal Activity of Novel Doramectin Derivatives Containing Acylurea and Acylthiourea Based on Hydrogen Bonding
Bai, Ping,Cheng, Yao,Lu, Xiaoxia,Yang, Jian,Zhang, Qi,Zheng, Cheng
, p. 5806 - 5815 (2020/06/19)
Our recent investigation on the insecticidal activities of several doramectin derivatives preliminarily revealed that the presence of hydrogen bonds at the C4″ position of the molecule with target protein γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor was crucial for retaining high insecticidal activity. As a continuation of our research work on the development of new insecticides, two series of novel acylurea and acylthiourea doramectin derivatives were designed and synthesized. The bioassay results indicated that the newly synthesized compounds (5o, 5t, and 6t) exhibited higher insecticidal activity against diamondback moth, oriental armyworm, and corn borer than the control compounds doramectin, commercial avermectins, chlorbenzuron, and lead compound 3g in our laboratory. Specifically, compound 5t was identified as the most promising insecticide against diamondback moth, with a final mortality rate of 80.00% at the low concentration of 12.50 mg/L, showing approximately 7.75-fold higher potency than the parent doramectin (LC50 value of 48.1547 mg/L), 6.52-fold higher potency than commercial avermectins (LC50 value of 40.5507 mg/L), and 3.98-fold higher potency than compound 3g (LC50 value of 24.7742 mg/L). Additionally, molecular docking simulations revealed that compound 5t (2.17, 2.20, 2.56, and 2.83 ?) displayed stronger hydrogen-bond action in binding with the GABA receptor, better than that of compound 5o (1.64 and 2.15 ?) and compound 6t (2.20 and 2.31 ?) at the C4″ position. This work demonstrated that these compounds containing hydrogen-bond groups might contribute to the improvement of insecticidal activity and supply certain hints toward structure optimization design for the development of new insecticides.
Novel acyl carbamates and acyl / diacyl ureas show in vitro efficacy against Toxoplasma gondii and Cryptosporidium parvum
Grooms, Gregory M.,Hernandez, Anolan Garcia,Khan, Shahbaz M.,Li, Kun,Stec, Jozef,Witola, William H.
, p. 80 - 90 (2020/10/07)
Toxoplasma gondii and Cryptosporidium parvum are protozoan parasites that are highly prevalent and opportunistically infect humans worldwide, but for which completely effective and safe medications are lacking. Herein, we synthesized a series of novel small molecules bearing the diacyl urea scaffold and related structures, and screened them for in vitro cytotoxicity and antiparasitic activity against T. gondii and C. parvum. We identified one compound (GMG-1-09), and four compounds (JS-1-09, JS-2-20, JS-2-35 and JS-2-49) with efficacy against C. parvum and T. gondii, respectively, at low micromolar concentrations and showed appreciable selectivity in human host cells. Among the four compounds with efficacy against T. gondii, JS-1-09 representing the diacyl urea scaffold was the most effective, with an anti-Toxoplasma IC50 concentration (1.21 μM) that was nearly 53-fold lower than its cytotoxicity IC50 concentration, indicating that this compound has a good selectivity index. The other three compounds (JS-2-20, JS-2-35 and JS-2-49) were structurally more divergent from JS-1-09 as they represent the acyl urea and acyl carbamate scaffold. This appeared to correlate with their anti-Toxoplasma activity, suggesting that these compounds’ potency can likely be enhanced by selective structural modifications. One compound, GMG-1-09 representing acyl carbamate scaffold, depicted in vitro efficacy against C. parvum with an IC50 concentration (32.24 μM) that was 14-fold lower than its cytotoxicity IC50 concentration in a human intestinal cell line. Together, our studies unveil a series of novel synthetic acyl/diacyl urea and acyl carbamate scaffold-based small molecule compounds with micromolar activity against T. gondii and C. parvum that can be explored further for the development of the much-needed novel anti-protozoal drugs.
Dehydration of Amides to Nitriles under Conditions of a Catalytic Appel Reaction
Shipilovskikh, Sergei A.,Vaganov, Vladimir Yu.,Denisova, Elena I.,Rubtsov, Aleksandr E.,Malkov, Andrei V.
supporting information, p. 728 - 731 (2018/02/09)
A highly expedient protocol for a catalytic Appel-type dehydration of amides to nitriles has been developed that employs oxalyl chloride and triethylamine along with triphenylphosphine oxide as a catalyst. The reactions are usually complete in less than 10 min with only a 1 mol % catalyst loading. The reaction scope includes aromatic, heteroaromatic, and aliphatic amides, including derivatives of α-hydroxy and α-amino acids.
Aroyl Isocyanates as 1,4-Dipoles in a Formal [4 + 1]-Cycloaddition Approach toward Oxazolone Construction
Eckert, Kaitlyn E.,Ashfeld, Brandon L.
supporting information, p. 2315 - 2319 (2018/04/30)
A formal phosphine-mediated [4 + 1]-cycloaddition between a 1,2-dicarbonyl and an aroyl isocyanate to provide oxazolones bearing a disubstituted C5 center is described. By exploiting the carbene-like reactivity of oxyphosphonium enolates as C1 synthons and aroyl isocyanates as formal 1,4-dipoles, oxazolones and spiroooxindole oxazolones are constructed in high yields (39-99%).
Synthetic method for aryl formyl isocyanate
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Paragraph 0014; 0015; 0016; 0018, (2019/01/07)
The invention relates to a preparation method, and mainly relates to a synthetic method for aryl formyl isocyanate, which includes: (1) dropwise adding an aryl formamide solution, dissolved in an organic solvent, to a bis(trichloromethyl)carbonate solution; (2) slowly heating the mixture to a high temperature of 60-180 DEG C, and at the temperature, completely dropwise adding the rest of the bis(trichloromethyl)carbonate to the solution in the step (1) within 0.5-5 h, and then continuously performing the reaction for 1-6 h, after the reaction is finished, recycling the organic solvent, and performing pressure-reduced distillation to the organic solvent to prepare the aryl formyl isocyanate. The method overcome the problems of poor safety and high investment cost due to use of oxalyl chloride or carbonyl chloride in the prior art. The method has reasonable processes, is environment-friendly, low-cost, safe and reliable, is high in yield of the aryl formyl isocyanate, is low in generation of waste water, waste gas and solid wastes, and is suitable for industrial production.
Convenient One-Pot Two-Step Synthesis of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Diacyl Ureas, Acyl Urea/Carbamate/Thiocarbamate Derivatives, and Related Compounds
Hernandez, Anolan Garcia,Grooms, Gregory M.,El-Alfy, Abir T.,Stec, Jozef
, p. 2163 - 2176 (2017/05/05)
A wide range of chemicals such as amides, hydrazides, amines, alcohols, carbazate, and sulfonate were reacted with acyl isocyanates generated by the reaction of primary amides with oxalyl chloride to give symmetrical and unsymmetrical diacyl urea derivatives, acyl ureas/carbamates/thiocarbamates, and related compounds. This method provides means for convenient one-pot, two-step synthesis of compounds bearing urea, carbamate, and other functional groups from cheap and commercially available starting reagents. It is expected that the results presented in this report will expand the medicinal chemist’s toolbox.
Synthesis, antitumor activity and mechanism of action of novel 1,3-thiazole derivatives containing hydrazide–hydrazone and carboxamide moiety
He, Haifeng,Wang, Xiaoyan,Shi, Liqiao,Yin, Wenyan,Yang, Ziwen,He, Hongwu,Liang, Ying
supporting information, p. 3263 - 3270 (2016/07/12)
A series of novel 2,4,5-trisubstituted 1,3-thiazole derivatives containing hydrazide–hydrazine, and carboxamide moiety including 46 compounds T were synthesized, and evaluated for their antitumor activity in vitro against a panel of five human cancer cell lines. Eighteen title compounds T displayed higher inhibitory activity than that of 5-Fu against MCF-7, HepG2, BGC-823, Hela, and A549 cell lines. Especially, T1, T26 and T38 exhibit best cytotoxic activity with IC50values of 2.21?μg/mL, 1.67?μg/mL and 1.11?μg/mL, against MCF-7, BCG-823, and HepG2 cell lines, respectively. These results suggested that the combination of 1,3-thiazole, hydrazide–hydrazone, and carboxamide moiety was much favorable to cytotoxicity activity. Furthermore, the flow cytometry analysis revealed that compounds T1 and T38 could induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells, and it was confirmed T38 led the induction of cell apoptosis by S cell-cycle arrest.
