4801-80-3Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis of Terminal Thiazoles from N-Protected Amino Acids and a Study of Their Antibacterial Activities
Lalithamba,Uma,Gowthami,Nagendra
, p. 181 - 191 (2020/03/30)
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Synthesis and Preclinical Evaluation of the First Carbon-11 Labeled PET Tracers Targeting Substance P1-7
Peko?ak, Aleksandra,Bulc, Janez ?.,Korat, ?pela,Schuit, Robert C.,Kooijman, Esther,Vos, Ricardo,Rongen, Marissa,Verlaan, Mariska,Takkenkamp, Kevin,Beaino, Wissam,Poot, Alex J.,Windhorst, Albert D.
, p. 4872 - 4883 (2018/11/30)
Two potent SP1-7 peptidomimetics have been successfully radiolabeled via [11C]CO2-fixation with excellent yields, purity, and molar activity. l-[11C]SP1-7-peptidomimetic exhibited promising ex vivo biodistribution profile. Metabolite analysis showed that l-[11C]SP1-7-peptidomimetic is stable in brain and spinal cord, whereas rapid metabolic degradation occurs in rat plasma. Metabolic stability can be significantly improved by substituting l-Phe for d-Phe, preserving 70% more of intact tracer and resulting in better brain and spinal cord tracer retention. Positron emission tomography (PET) scanning confirmed moderate brain (1.5 SUV; peak at 3 min) and spinal cord (1.0 SUV; peak at 10 min) uptake for l- and d-[11C]SP1-7-peptidomimetic. A slight decrease in SUV value was observed after pretreatment with natural peptide SP1-7 in spinal cord for l-[11C]SP1-7-peptidomimetic. On the contrary, blocking using cold analogues of l- and d-[11C]tracers did not reduce the tracers' brain and spinal cord exposure. In summary, PET scanning of l- and d-[11C]SP1-7-peptidomimetics confirms rapid blood-brain barrier and blood-spinal-cord barrier penetration. Therefore, further validation of these two tracers targeting SP1-7 is needed in order to define a new PET imaging target and select its most appropriate radiopharmaceutical.
Optimization and Structure-Activity Relationships of Phosphinic Pseudotripeptide Inhibitors of Aminopeptidases That Generate Antigenic Peptides
Kokkala, Paraskevi,Mpakali, Anastasia,Mauvais, Francois-Xavier,Papakyriakou, Athanasios,Daskalaki, Ira,Petropoulou, Ioanna,Kavvalou, Sofia,Papathanasopoulou, Mirto,Agrotis, Stefanos,Fonsou, Theodora-Markisia,Van Endert, Peter,Stratikos, Efstratios,Georgiadis, Dimitris
supporting information, p. 9107 - 9123 (2016/10/22)
The oxytocinase subfamily of M1 aminopeptidases, consisting of ER aminopeptidase 1 (ERAP1), ER aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2), and insulin-regulated aminopeptidase (IRAP), plays critical roles in the generation of antigenic peptides and indirectly regulates human adaptive immune responses. We have previously demonstrated that phosphinic pseudotripeptides can constitute potent inhibitors of this group of enzymes. In this study, we used synthetic methodologies able to furnish a series of stereochemically defined phosphinic pseudotripeptides and demonstrate that side chains at P1′ and P2′ positions are critical determinants in driving potency and selectivity. We identified low nanomolar inhibitors of ERAP2 and IRAP that display selectivity of more than 2 and 3 orders of magnitude, respectively. Cellular analysis demonstrated that one of the compounds that is a selective IRAP inhibitor can reduce IRAP-dependent but not ERAP1-dependent cross-presentation by dendritic cells with nanomolar efficacy. Our results encourage further preclinical development of phosphinic pseudotripeptides as regulators of adaptive immune responses.