50-82-8Relevant articles and documents
The effect of chlorine and fluorine substitutions on tuning the ionization potential of benzoate-bridged paddlewheel diruthenium(II, II) complexes
Kosaka, Wataru,Itoh, Masahisa,Miyasaka, Hitoshi
supporting information, p. 8156 - 8168 (2015/05/13)
A series of paddlewheel diruthenium(II, II) complexes with various chlorine-substituted benzoate ligands (Cl-series) was synthesized as tetrahydrofuran (THF) adducts [Ru2(ClxPhCO2)4(THF)2]; where ClxPhCO2- = o-chlorobenzoate, o-Cl; m-chlorobenzoate, m-Cl; p-chlorobenzoate, p-Cl; 2,3-dichlorobenzoate, 2,3-Cl2; 2,4-dichlorobenzoate, 2,4-Cl2; 2,5-dichlorobenzoate, 2,5-Cl2; 2,6-dichlorobenzoate, 2,6-Cl2; 3,4-dichlorobenzoate, 3,4-Cl2; 3,5-dichlorobenzoate, 3,5-Cl2; 2,3,4-trichlorobenzoate, 2,3,4-Cl3; 2,3,5-trichlorobenzoate, 2,3,5-Cl3; 2,4,5-trichlorobenzoate, 2,4,5-Cl3; 3,4,5-trichlorobenzoate, 3,4,5-Cl3; 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobenzoate, 2,3,4,5-Cl4. This Cl-series and the previously synthesized F-series together with four new fluorine-substituted derivatives, [Ru2(FxPhCO2)4(THF)2] (where FxPhCO2- = 2,3-difluorobenzoate, 2,3-F2; 2,4-difluorobenzoate, 2,4-F2; 2,5-difluorobenzoate, 2,5-F2; 2,3,5-trifluorobenzoate, 2,3,5-F3), were experimentally characterized with respect to solid-state structure, magnetic properties and electrochemistry. By tuning the substituents of the benzoate ligands using chlorine or fluorine atoms, the redox potential (E1/2) for [Ru2II,II]/[Ru2II,III]+ varied over a wide range of potentials from -40 mV to 360 mV (vs. Ag/Ag+ in THF). This was dependent on (i) the number of ortho-substituents, i.e. non-, mono- and di-o-substituted groups, with quasi-Hammett parameters for ortho-Cl and -F substitutions (σo = -0.272 and -0.217, respectively) and (ii) the general Hammett constants, σm and σp, for each group. The HOMO energy level calculated on the basis of the atomic coordinates of the solid-state structure was strongly affected by Cl- and F-substitutions as well as the redox potential in solution, which emphasizes the steric contribution of ortho-substituents in the energy level giving a deviation of EHOMO 0.3 eV and 0.55 eV for the Cl- and F-series, respectively.
Cephalosporin derivatives
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, (2008/06/13)
The present invention provides a novel series of cephem derivatives of the general formula I wherein R1, R2, R3, R5, R6, R7, A, L1, X, n and n′ are as defined herein above. The compounds of formula I are antibacterial agents useful in the treatment of infections in humans and other animals caused by a variety of gram-positive bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Also included in the invention are processes for preparing the compounds of formula I and pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds in combination with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents or excipients.
Process for the preparation of halogenated benzoic acids
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, (2008/06/13)
A process for the preparation of halogenated benzoic acids of formula (1): STR1 in which R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are hydrogen, fluorine, chlorine or bromine atoms or C1 -C6 -alkyl, C1 -C6 -alkoxy, nitro, cyano, trifluoromethyl, aidehyde, C1 -C4 -alkoxycarbonyl, -SO2 -C1 -C4 -alkyl, -SO2 -phenyl, -CONH2, -CON(C1 -C4 -alkyl)2, hydroxy, carboxy, -NH2 or -N(C1 -C4 - alkyl)2 groups, at least one of the substituents R1 -R5 being one of said halogen atoms, which comprises reacting 1 mol of a benzophenone, asymmetrically substituted on the benzene rings A and B, of general formula (2): STR2 in which R1 -R10 are as defined above for R1 -R5, with about 1 to about 10 mol of an oxidizing agent selected from the group comprising hydrogen peroxide, urea/hydrogen peroxide addition product, an alkali metal peroxide, ammonium, alkali metal or alkaline earth metal peroxodisulfates, pertungstates, perborates or percarbonates, ozone, alkyl- or aryl-percarboxylic acids, alkyl- or aryl-persulfonic acids or persulfuric acid, at temperatures from about -20° to about +100° C.
