5035-52-9

Upstream product

• 10025-91-9 antimony(III) chloride 
• 603-36-1 triphenylantimony 
• 7440-36-0 antimony 
• 2629-47-2 diphenylantimony(III) chloride 
• 4519-29-3 phenylstibine oxide 
• 130681-63-9 dibromodichlorophenylstiborane 
• 25021-93-6 (C₆H₅)2SbCCl₃ 
• 6651-55-4 diphenylfluorostibine 
• 535-46-6 phenylstibonic acid 

Downstream Products

• 104-53-0 3-phenyl-propionaldehyde 
• 5123-13-7 5,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1,3,2-dioxaborinane 
• 51525-63-4 C₆H₅Sb{O(CH₂)2S} 
• 68972-61-2 diiodo(phenyl)stibane 
• 24691-73-4 (4-CH₃OC₆H₄)2SbC₆H₅ 
• 41137-16-0 (biphenyl-2,2'-diyl)phenylantimony(III) 
• 82363-95-9 phenylbis(trimethylsilyl)stibane 
• 17585-86-3 dimethyl(phenyl)stibine 
• 18509-12-1 phenylantimony benzyldithiocarbamate 
• 18509-13-2 phenylantimony phenyldithiocarbamate 
• 51525-64-5 C₆H₅Sb(SCH₂CH₂S) 
• 53235-22-6 (CH₂CHCH₂)2SbC₆H₅ 
• 10025-91-9 antimony(III) chloride 
• 603-36-1 triphenylantimony 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Compounds of the types Pn(pyS)3(Pn = P, As, Bi; PyS: Pyridine-2-thiolate) and Sb(pyS)xPh3-x(x = 3-1); Molecular structures and electronic situations of the Pn atoms

The compounds Pn(pyS)3 (Pn = P, As, Sb, Bi) were synthesized from the respective chloride (Pn = P, As, Sb) or nitrate (Bi), pyridine-2-thiol (pySH) and triethylamine (NEt3) as a supporting base in THF (P, Sb), CHCl3 (As) or methanol (Bi). Sb(pyS)3 was also obtained from the reaction of SbCl3 with LipyS (prepared in situ) in methanol. The compounds Sb(pyS)2Ph and Sb(pyS)Ph2 were prepared in a one-pot reaction starting from SbCl3 and SbPh3 (1:1 ratio). Upon Cl/pyS substitution, the resulting reaction mixture allows for a facile separation of the products in hot hexane. P(pyS)3 and As(pyS)3 crystallize isostructurally to the reported structure of Sb(pyS)3 with κ-S-bound pyS ligands. These crystal structures feature close Pn···Pn contacts which are most pronounced for the arsenic derivative. Bi(pyS)3 adopts a different molecular structure in the solid state, which features two chelating (κ2-S,N-pyS) ligands and a κ-S-bound ligand. The presence of N→Bi interactions between the nitrogen atom of the κ-S-pyS ligand and the Bi atom of another molecule renders this structure a polymer chain along the crystallographic b axis with BiBi van-der-Waals contacts. The structures of this set of Pn(pyS)3 compounds were also studied in solution using 1H NMR spectroscopy, revealing equivalent pyS ligands in discrete Pn(pyS)3 molecules. The molecular structure of Sb(pyS)Ph2 was optimized by quantum chemical methods, and a comparison with the structures reported for the other Sb/pyS/Ph combinations reveals Sb(pyS)2Ph to feature the strongest Sb···N interactions with the κ-S-pyS ligand. The results of 1H NMR spectroscopic investigations of the compounds Sb(pyS)xPh3-x (x = 3-0) suggest the Ph protons in ortho position to be incorporated into intramolecular C-H···S contacts for x = 2 and 1. Natural localized molecular orbital (NLMO) calculations were employed in order to gain insights into the electronic situations of the Pn atoms and Pn-R bonds (R = S, C), especially for the effects caused by formal substitution of Pn in the compounds Pn(pyS)3 and the ligand patterns in the compounds Sb(pyS)xPh3-x (x = 3-0). For the latter series of compounds, the electronic situation of the Sb atom was further studied by 121Sb M?ssbauer spectroscopy, providing a correlation between the calculated electron density at Sb [ρ(0)] and the experimentally observed isomer shift δ. The missing link between group 15 and group 13 metal compounds of the type M(pyS)3, compound Al(pyS)3, was synthesized in this work. In the solid state (confirmed crystallographically), the mer isomer of this tris-chelate complex with distorted octahedral Al coordination sphere was found. This coordination mode was confirmed for the solution state (CDCl3) by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy at T = -40 °C.

Thermoluminescent Antimony-Supported Copper-Iodo Cuboids: Approaching NIR Emission via High Crystallographic Symmetry

We report the syntheses, structures, and luminescence properties of a series of copper-iodo cuboids supported by L-type antimony ligands. The cuboids are of general formula [(SbR3)4Cu4(I)4] (1-4, 8), where SbR3 is a series of homoleptic and heteroleptic stibines containing both phenyl and a variety of alkyl substituents (R = Cy, iPr, tBu, Ph); triphenyl, iPr2Ph, and Me2Ph stibines resulted in the formation of dimers of type [(SbR3)4(Cu)2(I)2] (5-7). While similar luminescent copper-halide cubes have been studied, the corresponding "heavy-atom" congeners have not been studied, and ligation of such heavy-atom moieties is often associated with long-lived triplet states and low-energy absorption and emission profiles. Overall, two obligate parameters are found to imbue NIR emission: (i) short Cu-Cu bonds and (ii) high crystallographic symmetry; both of these properties are found only in [(SbiPr3)4Cu4(I)4] (1, in I23; λem = 711 nm). The correlation between NIR emission and high crystallographic symmetry (which intrinsically includes high molecular symmetry)-versus only molecular symmetry-is confirmed by the counterexample of the molecularly symmetric tBu-substituted cuboid [(SbtBu3)4Cu4(I)4] (3, λem = 588 nm, in R-3), which crystallizes in the lower symmetry trigonal space group. Despite the indication that the stronger donor strength of the SbtBu3 ligand should red-shift emission beyond that of the SbiPr3-supported cuboid, the emission of 3 is limited to the visible region. To further demonstrate the connection between structural parameters and emission intensity, X-ray structures for 1 and 3 were collected between 100 and 300 K. Lastly, DFT calculations for 1 on its singlet (S0) and excited triplet state (T1) demonstrate two key factors necessary for low-energy NIR emission: (i) a significant contraction of the interconnected Cu4 intermetallic contacts [～2.45 → 2.35 ?] and (ii) highly delocalized (and therefore low-energy) A1 symmetry HOMO/LUMO orbitals from which the emission occurs. Thus, any molecular or crystallographic distortion of the Cu4 core precludes the formation of highly symmetric (and low-energy) HOMO/LUMO orbitals in T1, thereby inhibiting low-energy NIR emission.

Catalysis with Pnictogen, Chalcogen, and Halogen Bonds

Halogen- and chalcogen-based σ-hole interactions have recently received increased interest in non-covalent organocatalysis. However, the closely related pnictogen bonds have been neglected. In this study, we introduce conceptually simple, neutral, and mon

Syntheses, Structures, and Characterization of Nickel(II) Stibines: Steric and Electronic Rationale for Metal Deposition

Reactions of the homoleptic and heteroleptic antimony ligands SbiPr3, SbiPr2Ph, SbMe2Ph, and SbMePh2 with NiI2 generate rare NiII stibine complexes in either square planar or trigonal bipyramidal (TBP) geometries, depending on the steric size of the ligands. Tolman electronic parameters were calculated (DFT) for each antimony ligand to provide a tabulated resource for the relative strengths of simple antimony ligands. The electronic absorbance spectra of the square planar complexes exhibit characteristic bands [λmax ≈ 560 nm (17 900 cm-1), ? ≈ 4330 M-1 cm-1] at lower energies compared to the reported phosphine complexes, indicating the weak donor strength of the stibine ligands and resultant low-energy ligand field d→d transitions. The square planar complex Ni(I)2(SbiPr3)2 reacts with CO to form the TBP complex Ni(I)2(SbiPr3)2(CO). Lastly, the complexes were investigated for nickel metal deposition on Si|Cu(100 nm) substrates. The complexes with the strongest donating ligand, SbiPr3, deposited the purest layer of NiCu alloy according to the balanced reaction Ni(I)2(SbIIIiPr3)2 → Ni0 + SbV(iPr3)I2; the iodinated SbV byproduct was unambiguously detected in the supernatant by 1H NMR and mass spectrometry. Complexes with weaker ligands (poor I2 acceptors/scavengers) resulted undesired deposition of iodine and CuI on the surface. This work thus serves as a guide for the design and synthesis of 3d metal complexes with neutral, heavy main-group donors that are useful for metal deposition applications.

Structural, spectroscopic and computational examination of the dative interaction in constrained phosphine-stibines and phosphine-stiboranes

Abstract A series of phosphine-stibine and phosphine-stiborane peri-substituted acenaphthenes containing all permutations of pentavalent groups -SbClnPh4-n (5-9), as well as trivalent groups -SbCl2, -Sb(R)Cl, and -SbPh2 (2-4, R=Ph, Mes), were synthesised and fully characterised by single crystal diffraction and multinuclear NMR spectroscopy. In addition, the bonding in these species was studied by DFT computational methods. The P-Sb dative interactions in both series range from strongly bonding to non-bonding as the Lewis acidity of the Sb acceptor is decreased. In the pentavalent antimony series, a significant change in the P-Sb distance is observed between -SbClPh3 and -SbCl2Ph2 derivatives 6 and 7, respectively, consistent with a change from a bonding to a non-bonding interaction in response to relatively small modification in Lewis acidity of the acceptor. In the SbIII series, two geometric forms are observed. The P-Sb bond length in the SbCl2 derivative 2 is as expected for a normal (rather than a dative) bond. Rather unexpectedly, the phosphine-stiborane complexes 5-9 represent the first examples of the σ4P→σ6Sb structural motif. A complex situation: The strength of a dative phosphine-stiborane (P-Sb) interaction increases with stepwise replacement of phenyl groups on antimony atom with chloride groups. As the Lewis acidity is increased in regular steps (see figure), essentially linear response is observed initially, however then a sudden change in the P-Sb distance takes place during one particular step. This is consistent with a sudden switch from a non-bonding to a bonding interaction, that is, a discrete rather than continuum response.

Synthesis and structure of N,C-chelated organoantimony(v) and organobismuth(v) compounds

The reaction of N,C-intramolecularly coordinated organoantimony(iii) and organobismuth(iii) compounds LMCl2 (M = Sb (1) or Bi (2) and L = [o-(CHN-2,6-iPr2C6H3)C6H 4]) with phenyllithium in a 1:1 or 1:2 molar ratio gave compounds LM(Ph)Cl (M = Sb (3) or Bi (4)) and LMPh2 (M = Sb (5) or Bi (6)) in moderate to good yields. Compound 3 could also be prepared by the treatment of the lithium compound LLi with in situ prepared PhSbCl2. Oxidation of the antimony(iii) compounds 1, 3 and 5 with one equivalent of SO 2Cl2 proceeded smoothly with formation of organoantimony(v) compounds LSbCl4 (7), LSb(Ph)Cl3 (8) and LSbPh2Cl2 (9) in nearly quantitative yields. Compounds 7-9 are yellowish solids that are stable for a long time even in the presence of air. In contrast, only organobismuth(iii) compounds 4 and 6 could be successfully oxidized using SO2Cl2 to give compounds LBi(Ph)Cl3 (10) and LBiPh2Cl2 (11). Compound 11 is stable, but compound 10 readily decomposed in solution and could not be isolated and stored for a longer period. All attempts to prepare compound LBiCl4 by the oxidation of 2 with SO2Cl2 failed and resulted only in a mixture of products. All studied compounds were characterized by electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry, and 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structures of 3-7, 9 and 11 were unambiguously established using single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.

Complexes of different nitrogen donor heterocyclic ligands with SbCl 3 and PhSbCl2 as potential antileishmanial agents against SbIII-sensitive and -resistant parasites

Novel trivalent antimony complexes with the nitrogen donor heterocyclic ligand 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy), 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) or dipyrido[3,2-d:2′,3′-f]quinoxaline (dpq) have been synthesized by the reaction with SbCl3 or PhSbCl2. The crystal structures of [Sb(phen)Cl3] and [PhSb(phen)Cl2]CH3COOH were determined and shown to adopt a distorted square pyramid geometry with a five-coordinated Sb center. Surprisingly, all the complexes, the ligands and PhSbCl2 showed very high antileishmanial activities, with IC 50 in the nanomolar range against SbIII-sensitive and -resistant Leishmania infantum (syn. Leishmania chagasi) and Leishmania amazonensis strains. These compounds were much more active against these Leishmania strains than the old trivalent drug potassium antimonyl tartrate. [PhSb(phen)Cl2]CH3COOH complex was found to be the most active compound and the lack of cross-resistance of PhSbCl2 suggests that the transport pathways of this compound across the cell membrane differ from those responsible for the resistance of Leishmania to Sb(OH)3. In the case of the complexes with PhSbCl2, our data supports the model that both ligand and metal contributed to the overall activity of the complex. Furthermore, among the complexes with SbCl3, only bipy showed an improved activity upon complexation. Cytotoxicity evaluations of these compounds against murine peritoneal macrophages showed high selective indexes in the range of 7-70 for [Sb(phen)Cl3], [Sb(bipy)Cl3] and [Sb(dpq)Cl3] complexes, being much more selective than potassium antimonyl tartrate. In conclusion, this study presents a set of new antileishmanial agents including one of the most active Sb-based compounds ever reported, which can contribute to the development of new chemotherapeutic strategies against leishmaniasis including Sb-resistant cases.

Silicon-lead chalcogenides of the types Me4Si2(E)2PbPh2 and Ph2Pb(E)2Si2Me2 (E)2PbPh2 (E = S, Se) and related compounds containing tin and antimony

The reaction of a 1:1 mixture of Ph2PbCl 2 and ClSiMe2-SiMe2Cl with H2S/NEt3 yielded the mixed silicon-lead sulfide Me4Si2(S)2PbPh2 (1a), a bicyclic silicon lead sulfide, Ph2Pb(S) 2Si2Me2(S)2PbPh2 (1b) was obtained by similar treatment of a 2:1 mixture of Ph2 PbCl2 and Cl2SiMe-SiMeCl2. The corresponding selenium compounds (2a-b) were obtained by reactions of mixtures of Ph2PbCl2 and methylchlorodisilanes with Li2Se in THF. All products were characterized by multinuclear (1H, 13C, 29Si, 77Se and 207Pb) NMR spectroscopy. The molecular structure of 1a is reported revealing a central five membered ring Si2S2Pb in envelope conformation with one sulfur atom (S1) above the plane defined by the atoms Pb1-S2-Si2-Si1. For comparison, the tin compounds Me4Si2(Se) 2SnPh2 (4a), and Ph2Sn(Se) 2Si2Me2(Se)2SnPh2 (4b) have also been prepared essentially applying the same procedure as for compounds 2a-b. A plot of δ (207Pb) of 1a-2b versus δ (119Sn) of the corresponding tin compounds 3a-4b exhibits a linear correlation with a slope of 4.11 (±0.17). Attempts to build related cycles containing a Group 15 element led to the isolation of the antimony compounds Me4Si2 (E)2SbPh (5a: E = S, 5b: E = Se) starting from ClSiMe2-SiMe2-SiMe2Cl, PhSbCl2 and either H2S/NEt3 or Li2Se.

Reactions of the 2- dianion with stibine and bismuthine reagents: synthesis and stereophysical characterization of the 2- dianion containing a noncentered icosahedral Ni10Sb2 core and Ni2(CO)4(μ2

In a further exploration of the types of high-nuclearity, mixed metal-(main-group) clusters accessible from the electron-rich 2- dianion (1), reactions of 1 (a direct descendent of nickel tetracarbonyl) with antimony and bismuth reag

THE PREPARATION OF PHENYL SUBSTITUTED ANTIMONY(III) AND ANTIMONY(V) CHLORIDES AND BROMIDES

In the absence of solvent, the redistribution of 2/1 and 1/2 molar mixtures of Ph3Sb and SbX3, where X = Cl or Br, is rapid giving quantitative yields of Ph2SbX and PhSbX2, respectively.