10025-91-9 Usage
Chemical Properties
Different sources of media describe the Chemical Properties of 10025-91-9 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Colourless Crystal Or Flakes,fuming in moist air.
2. Antimony trichloride is a noncombustible,
clear, colorless, crystalline solid. Acrid, pungent odor.
Physical properties
Colorless crystalline solid; orthorhombic crystal; hygroscopic; density 3.14 g/cm3; melts at 73.4°C; boils at 220.3°C; readily dissolves in water undergoing hydrolysis; soluble in dilute hydrochloric acid, ethanol, acetone, benzene, dioxane and CS2.
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 10025-91-9 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Used in the chemical microscopy of drugs.
2. Bronzing iron, especially gun barrels; mordant for patent leather and in dyeing; coloring zinc black; manufacture of lakes, particularly from dye woods; furniture polishes.
3. Antimony Trichloride is used as a chlorinating agent, as a fireproofing agent in textiles; in bronzing steel and as a mordant in dyeing as well as a caustic in medicine. It is also used as an apoptosis agent that is used to detect cholesterols and carotenoids.
Definition
Different sources of media describe the Definition of 10025-91-9 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. ChEBI: An inorganic chloride salt with formula SbCl3. It is used as a reagent for detecting vitamin A and related carotenoids, reacting with the carotenoid to form a blue complex that can be measured by colorimetry (the Carr-Price test). Solu
ions of antimony trichloride were formerly used for dissolving and removing horn stubs from calves and goats.
2. A white deliquescent
solid, formerly known as butter of antimony.
It is prepared by direct combination
of antimony and chlorine. It is readily hydrolyzed
by cold water to form a white precipitate
of antimony(III) chloride oxide
(antimonyl chloride, SbOCl):
SbCl3 + H2O = SbOCl + 2HCl.
Preparation
SbCl3 is prepared by reaction of chlorine with antimony, antimony trioxide or antimony trisulfide. It also may be made by treating antimony trioxide with concentrated hydrochloric acid.
General Description
Antimony trichloride is a colorless crystalline solid. Antimony trichloride is shipped as a solid or liquid solution. Antimony trichloride is decomposed slowly by water to hydrochloric acid and antimony oxychloride. Antimony oxychloride is soluble in hydrochloric acid but insoluble in water. Antimony trichloride is corrosive to metals and tissue.
Air & Water Reactions
Fumes in air to form hydrochloric acid [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Decomposed by water to form hydrochloric acid and antimony oxychloride.
Reactivity Profile
Acidic salts, such as ANTIMONY TRICHLORIDE, are generally soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydrogen ions and have pH's of less than 7.0. They react as acids to neutralize bases. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, and carboxylic acid. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible. Many of these compounds catalyze organic reactions.
Hazard
Corrosive liquid or solid. Very irritating to
eyes, skin.
Health Hazard
TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or contact (skin, eyes) with vapors, dusts or substance may cause severe injury, burns or death. Reaction with water or moist air will release toxic, corrosive or flammable gases. Reaction with water may generate much heat that will increase the concentration of fumes in the air. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.
Fire Hazard
Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Vapors may accumulate in confined areas (basement, tanks, hopper/tank cars etc.). Substance will react with water (some violently), releasing corrosive and/or toxic gases and runoff. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated or if contaminated with water.
Flammability and Explosibility
Nonflammable
Safety Profile
Moderately toxic by
ingestion. Human pulmonary system effects
by inhalation. Corrosive by vigorous
reaction with moisture, generating heat and
hydrogen chloride gas (a strong irritant),
whch can cause pulmonary edema when
inhaled. Systemic effects can be caused by
the antimony. See also ANTIMONY
COMPOUNDS. Experimental reproductive
effects. Mutation data reported. When
heated to decomposition it emits very toxic
fumes of chlorine and antimony. It can react
violently with aluminum, potassium,
sodmm.
Potential Exposure
It is used to make antimony salts and
drugs; to fireproof textiles; and as a catalyst in many
organic reactions; as a reagent for chloral, aromatic hydrocarbons,
vitamin A, and for drug identification.
Shipping
UN1733 Antimony trichloride, Hazard class: 8;
Labels: 8-Corrosive material.
Purification Methods
Dry the trichloride over P2O5 or by mixing it with toluene or xylene and distilling (water is carried off with the organic solvent), then distil it twice under dry nitrogen at 50mm, and sublime it twice in a vacuum into ampoules and seal. It can be crystallised from CS2 and is deliquescent. It fumes in moist air and is decomposed by H2O with precipitation of the basic chloride, but forms a clear solution in dilute HCl.
Incompatibilities
Decomposes in water, forming hydrochloric
acid and antimony oxychloride. Reacts violently
with strong bases; ammonia, alkali metals; aluminum,
potassium, sodium. Forms explosive mixture with perchloric
acid when hot. Reacts with air forming hydrochloric
acid. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture, forming
explosive hydrogen gas.
Waste Disposal
Consult with environmental
regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal
practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant
(≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing
storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 10025-91-9 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 1,0,0,2 and 5 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 9 and 1 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 10025-91:
(7*1)+(6*0)+(5*0)+(4*2)+(3*5)+(2*9)+(1*1)=49
49 % 10 = 9
So 10025-91-9 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/3ClH.Sb.3H/h3*1H;;;;/q;;;+3;;;/p-3/r3ClH.H3Sb/h3*1H;1H3/q;;;+3/p-3
10025-91-9Relevant articles and documents
Reactivity of Sulphuryl Chloride in Acetonitrile with the Elements
Woolf, Alfred A.
, p. 3325 - 3330 (1991)
Sulphuryl chloride in MeCN reacts with all but the most refractory elements to give mainly solvated chlorides at or below 300 K in contrast with SO2Cl2 alone which requires at least twice this temperature.There is evidence for an ionic mechanism based on analogy, thermochemistry, transport measurements and additive effects.The instability of these solutions leading to polymerization, together with its inhibition, is described.Sulphur dioxide formed in reactions seldom plays a reductive role apart from influencing formation of the mixed-valence Tl4Cl6.Semiquantitative kinetic measurements in different solvents emphasize the uniqueness of MeCN.For most elements attack is diffusion controlled across surface films giving a parabolic dependence on time which can be linearized if film growth is prevented by changing the solvent mix.The varied nature of these surface films vitiates any simple relation between rate and periodicity.Some applications are indicated.
North, H. B.,Conover, C. B.
, p. 2486 - 2490 (1915)
Reversible Isomerization of Cyclo-octasulfur Monoxide; Preparation and X-Ray Crystal Structure of S8O*SbCl5
Steudel, Ralf,Sandow, Torsten,Steidel, Juergen
, p. 180 - 181 (1980)
The reaction of S8O and SbCl5 in CS2 gave S8O*SbCl5 (71percent yield) which was shown by X-ray crystallography to contain S8O in an isomeric conformation compared with pure S8O which can be recovered from the adduct in its usual conformation by recrystall
New method of tris(trimethylsilyl) antimonite preparation
Basenko,Voronkov,Meihua, Cao,Gebel'
, p. 1633 - 1634 (2008)
-
Synthesis, Isolation and Structures of Trifluoromethylated Fullerenes D2-C76, C76(1)(CF3)10–18
Tamm, Nadezhda B.,Ignat'eva, Daria V.,Aslanov, Leonid A.,Troyanov, Sergey I.
, p. 2027 - 2030 (2018)
High-temperature trifluoromethylation of fullerene C76 chlorination products followed by HPLC separation of C76(CF3)n derivatives resulted in the isolation and X-ray structural characterization of thirteen Csub
Reaction of C60 with SbCl5
Daters, W. R.,Ummat, P. K.,Olech, T.,Nkum, R. K.
, p. 579 - 582 (1993)
C60 was doped with SbCl5 by the direct reaction with liquid SbCl5 or with SbCl5 dissolved in CCl4. Mass spectrometer analysis showed that the compound consisted of Cl2, SbCl3 and C60. The SbCl5 was removed by sublimation leaving Cl2 in C60. The doped compound was electrically conducting at room temperature. The resistivity increased with decreasing temperature corresponding to a semiconducting energy gap of 1.1 eV.
Lead-Free Hybrid Material with an Exceptional Dielectric Phase Transition Induced by a Chair-to-Boat Conformation Change of the Organic Cation
Han, Shiguo,Zhang, Jing,Sun, Zhihua,Ji, Chengmin,Zhang, Weichuan,Wang, Yuyin,Tao, Kewen,Teng, Bing,Luo, Junhua
, p. 13078 - 13085 (2017)
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite materials have demonstrated great potential in the field of photovoltaics and photoelectronics. On the basis of the high degree of structural flexibility and compatibility, diverse molecular functional materials have been assembled by modifying the length of the organic components and/or dimensionality of the inorganic frameworks. In this paper, we present a chiral lead-free organic-inorganic hybrid, (piperidinium)2SbCl5 (1), which follows the one-dimensional inorganic frameworks of the corner-sharing SbCl6 octahedra. Strikingly, 1 displays a dielectric phase transition at Tc = 338 K, changing from the chiral space group of P212121 to polar Pna21 upon heating. Crystal structure analyses reveal that an unusual thermally activated conformation change of the piperidinium cations affords the driving force to the phase transition of 1. That is, organic piperidinium moieties display a chairlike conformation below Tc, which transforms to a boatlike structure above Tc. Such an unprecedented change is strongly coupled to the dielectric transition along with notable steplike anomalies, which suggest that 1 could be used as a potential switchable dielectric material. Besides, the temperature-dependent conductivity and theoretical analysis of its electronic structure disclose the semiconducting behavior of 1. This study paves the pathway to the design of new lead-free semiconducting perovskites with targeted properties for optoelectronic application.
Booth, H. S.,Herrmann, C. V.
, p. 63 - 66 (1936)
Sandwich-Type Uranyl Phosphate-Polyoxometalate Cluster Exhibiting Strong Luminescence
Kong, Xiang-Jian,Long, La-Sheng,Wang, Hai-Ying,Zheng, Lan-Sun,Zheng, Xiu-Ying
, p. 6790 - 6795 (2021)
A pure inorganic uranyl phosphate-polyoxometalate of Na17{Na@[(SbW9O33)2(UO2)6(PO3OH)6]}·xH2O (abbreviated as Na@U6P6, with x ≈ 46) featuring a sandwich-type structure was prepared using Keggin-type trilacunary [α-B-SbW9O33]9- units as building blocks, which were formed in situ by SbCl3 and Na2WO4·2H2O. Crystal structural analysis showed that six UO22+ cations and six PO3OH2- anions generated a wheel-like cluster unit with a Na+ center ([Na@(UO2)6(PO3OH)6]+) that is stabilized by two [α-B-SbW9O33]9- units. Na@U6P6 displayed a solid-state photoluminescence quantum yield of 33% at 300 K. The temperature-dependent fluorescence emission spectra showed that Na@U6P6 has temperature-sensitive fluorescence in which its emission intensity decreased by 77% as the temperature increased from 200 to 300 K. These results suggest that such uranyl phosphate-polyoxometalate clusters could serve as potential temperature-sensitive molecular materials.
Unexpected product formed by the reaction of [2,6-(MeOCH2)2C6H3]Li with SbCl3: Structure of Sb-O intramolecularly coordinated organoantimony cation
Dostál, Libor,Jambor, Roman,Císa?ová, Ivana,Bene?, Ludvík,R??i?ka, Ale?,Jirásko, Robert,Hole?ek, Jaroslav
, p. 2350 - 2353 (2007)
Reaction of [2,6-(MeOCH2)2C6H3]Li (1) with SbCl3 in 1:1 molar ratio yielded except the intended product [2,6-(MeOCH2)2C6H3]SbCl2 (2) unexpected c
