544-35-4Relevant articles and documents
Production and immobilization of Geotrichum candidum lipase via physical adsorption on eco-friendly support: Characterization of the catalytic properties in hydrolysis and esterification reactions
Ramos, Elisa Z.,Júnior, Rodney H. Miotti,De Castro, Patrícia F.,Tardioli, Paulo. W.,Mendes, Adriano A.,Fernandéz-Lafuente, Roberto,Hirata, Daniela B.
, p. 43 - 51 (2015)
The present study reports the production of an extracellular lipase from Geotrichum candidum by submerged fermentation using cottonseed oil as inductor agent and its immobilization on poly-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) particles via physical adsorption. The catalytic properties of the biocatalyst prepared were determined in aqueous (hydrolysis of olive oil emulsion) and organic (ethyl linoleate synthesis) media. In the enzyme production, maximum hydrolytic activity of 22.91 IU/mL at 30 °C and pH 5.2 was reached after 48 h of cultivation. A single protein band with an apparent molecular mass of 65 kDa was detected by SDS-PAGE analysis. The biocatalyst prepared by offering 75 mL of crude enzymatic extract (without cells) per gram of support exhibited maximum hydrolytic activity of 404.4 ± 2.3 IU/g at 37 °C and pH 7.0, with a recovered activity percentage of around 40% and an immobilization yield of 59%. The optimal pH and temperature for both soluble and immobilized enzyme in the hydrolysis reaction was 8.0 and around 37-40 °C. The biocatalyst was more thermally stable than the crude enzymatic extract at 35 °C in 8 h (46.2% and 23.7%, respectively) and slightly more stable at 45 °C in 40 min (47.5% and 35.2%, respectively). In the esterification reaction, around 70% ester conversion was reached after 2 h of reaction under experimental conditions previously optimized by Central Composite Rotatable Design (CCRD). The biocatalyst retained 93% of its initial esterification activity after 6 successive cycles of esterification reaction. This biocatalyst is a promising one to catalyze reactions in aqueous and organic media.
IONIZABLE LIPIDS FOR NUCLEIC ACID DELIVERY
-
Paragraph 00410, (2021/01/23)
The present document describes compounds, or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, of a core formula (I) Wherein R1 includes an amino group. These compounds are particularly useful in the formulation and in vivo and ex vivo delivery of nucleic acid and protein therapeutics for preparing and implementing T cell transfection, gene editing, cancer therapies, cancer prophylactics, and in the preparation of vaccines.
Linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and monolinolenins as antibacterial substances in the heat-processed soybean fermented with Rhizopus oligosporus
Kusumah, Dewi,Maeda, Isamu,Murakami, Mai,Wakui, Misaki,Xie, Xiaonan,Yukihito, Kabuyama
, p. 1285 - 1290 (2020/03/03)
Antibacterial activities against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis were found in an ethanol fraction of tempe, an Indonesian fermented soybean produced using Rhizopus oligosporus. The ethanol fraction contained free fatty acids, monoglycerides, and fatty acid ethyl esters. Among these substances, linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid exhibited antibacterial activities against S. aureus and B. subtilis, whereas 1-monolinolenin and 2-monolinolenin exhibited antibacterial activity against B. subtilis. The other free fatty acids, 1-monoolein, monolinoleins, ethyl linoleate, and ethyl linolenate did not exhibit bactericidal activities. These results revealed that R. oligosporus produced the long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and monolinolenins as antibacterial substances against the Gram-positive bacteria during the fungal growth and fermentation of heat-processed soybean.
Ethyl linoleate catalytically synthesized by using ionic liquid microemulsion and preparation method thereof
-
Paragraph 0033-0062, (2020/07/12)
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of ethyl linoleate, and discloses ethyl linoleate catalytically synthesized by using an ionic liquid microemulsion and a preparation methodthereof. The preparation process comprises the following steps: (1) adding a non-polar solvent into a conventional surfactant, carrying out uniform mixing, dropwise adding imidazole ionic liquid, andcarrying out sufficient mixing to obtain a single ionic liquid microemulsion; and (2) adding linoleic acid and ethanol into the single ionic liquid microemulsion, carrying out a heating reaction, andcarrying out rotary evaporation to obtain ethyl linoleate. According to the method, the single ionic liquid microemulsion with good high-temperature stability is used as a reaction medium, the contactarea of a catalyst and a reaction substrate is increased, and generated water is solubilized in an ionic liquid microemulsion core, so a reaction rate is increased; the used catalyst is high in activity, small in equipment corrosion and low in equipment requirement, the problems of high catalyst cost, serious equipment corrosion, low reaction yield, poor product quality, harsh reaction conditionsand the like in the prior art are solved; and the method can be popularized and applied to catalytic esterification reactions.
