5451-52-5Relevant articles and documents
THIN-LAYER PHASE-TRANSFER CATALYSIS IN THE REACTION OF ALKYL CHLORIDES AND SOLID FORMATE SALT.
Arrad,Sasson
, p. 185 - 189 (1988)
A systematic study of the quaternary ammonium catalyzed solid-liquid esterification of alkyl chlorides by alkali formate has been undertaken. The maximum conversion and the kinetics of the reaction were found to be strongly dependent on the type of formate salt used. The reaction rate was highest when a definite amount of water was added. The optimal water content varied strongly when the inorganic cation, the reaction temperature, or the catalyst concentration was changed. When the amount of water was limited, most of it was found surprisingly in the organic phase as water of hydration of the quaternary ammonium ion pair, reducing the rate of the homogeneous reaction step. At very low water concentrations the overall rate was limited by slow mass transfer, which could be enhanced by application of ultrasound.
Tandem Acid/Pd-Catalyzed Reductive Rearrangement of Glycol Derivatives
Ciszek, Benjamin,Fleischer, Ivana,Kathe, Prasad,Schmidt, Tanno A.
supporting information, p. 3641 - 3646 (2020/03/25)
Herein, we describe the acid/Pd-tandem-catalyzed transformation of glycol derivatives into terminal formic esters. Mechanistic investigations show that the substrate undergoes rearrangement to an aldehyde under [1,2] hydrogen migration and cleavage of an oxygen-based leaving group. The leaving group is trapped as its formic ester, and the aldehyde is reduced and subsequently esterified to a formate. Whereas the rearrangement to the aldehyde is catalyzed by sulfonic acids, the reduction step requires a unique catalyst system comprising a PdII or Pd0 precursor in loadings as low as 0.75 mol % and α,α′-bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)-o-xylene as ligand. The reduction step makes use of formic acid as an easy-to-handle transfer reductant. The substrate scope of the transformation encompasses both aromatic and aliphatic substrates and a variety of leaving groups.
Method for preparing formate-type compound
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Paragraph 0039; 0047; 0048, (2018/07/30)
The invention discloses a method for preparing a formate-type compound. The method comprises the following steps of: adopting an alcohol-type compound and 1,3-dihydroxyacetone as reaction raw materials, and under the existence of a composite catalyst and an oxidant, reacting for 2-48 hours in a reaction medium in a reactor at a reaction temperature of 25-100 DEG C so as to obtain the formate-typecompound. The method disclosed by the invention is simple, and is mild in reaction condition, and by the method, a target product can be obtained by low cost and high yield; the used catalyst has highcatalytic activity, and is easily separated from a reaction system to be repeatedly used; the whole process is environment-friendly, and the reaction raw material (1,3-dihydroxyacetone) is easily converted from a side product (glycerol) of biodiesel, so that the utilization of the glycerol is promoted.
Ruthenium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Dialkoxymethane Ethers Utilizing Carbon Dioxide and Molecular Hydrogen
Thenert, Katharina,Beydoun, Kassem,Wiesenthal, Jan,Leitner, Walter,Klankermayer, Jürgen
supporting information, p. 12266 - 12269 (2016/10/13)
The synthesis of dimethoxymethane (DMM) by a multistep reaction of methanol with carbon dioxide and molecular hydrogen is reported. Using the molecular catalyst [Ru(triphos)(tmm)] in combination with the Lewis acid Al(OTf)3resulted in a versatile catalytic system for the synthesis of various dialkoxymethane ethers. This new catalytic reaction provides the first synthetic example for the selective conversion of carbon dioxide and hydrogen into a formaldehyde oxidation level, thus opening access to new molecular structures using this important C1source.
Conversion of alkyl halides into alcohols via formyloxylation reaction with DMF catalyzed by silver salts
Abad, Antonio,Agullo, Consuelo,Cunat, Ana C.,Navarro, Ismael
, p. 3355 - 3361 (2007/10/03)
The transformation of alkyl halides into alcohols via a two-step process based on the reaction with DMF catalyzed by Ag(I) salts followed by acid or basic hydrolysis of the intermediate formate ester has been evaluated. The results show that a large variety of primary and some secondary alkyl halides can be transformed efficiently into the corresponding alcohols, making this alkyl halide to alcohol interconversion a valuable alternative to the existing procedures, particularly in molecules with labile functional groups that are generally involved in multistep synthesis. Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart.
Tetrahydrofuranylation of alcohols using hypervalent iodine reagents
French, Andrew N.,Cole, Jonathan,Wirth, Thomas
, p. 2291 - 2294 (2007/10/03)
Alcohols are converted to their corresponding 2-tetrahydrofuranyl ethers using (diacetoxyiodo)benzene in THF. Reactions are carried out under reflux, or, more effectively, under microwave irradiation. Yields up to 81% are reported without the use of chlorinated solvents.
Facile acetylation of alcohols, ethers and ketals with catalytic FeCl3 in AcOH
Sharma,Mahalingam,Nagarajan,Ilangovan,Radhakrishna, Palakodety
, p. 1200 - 1202 (2007/10/03)
A simple and efficient protocol for the conversion of alcohols, ethers and ketals to acetates using catalytic FeCl3(5mol%) in AcOH, or AcOH (3eq) in CH2Cl2 in very high yield is reported. A variety of other acids such as CF3CO2H, HCO2H, CH2=CHCO2H, CH3CH2CO2H, CH3(CH2)2CO2H have also been utilised for the acylation of alcohols successfully.
One-Pot Conversion of Primary Alkyl Chlorides and Dichlorides into Alcohols, Diols, and Ethers via Formic Ester Intermediates under Phase-Transfer Conditions
Zahalka, Hayder A.,Sasson, Yoel
, p. 763 - 765 (2007/10/02)
A procedure for the synthesis of alkyl formates, 1,ω-alkanediyl diformates, and unsaturated analogs from alkyl (or 2-alkenyl) halides and sodium formate under solid/liquid phase-transfer conditions is reported.For conversion into alcohols or diols, respectively, the formic esters can be directly hydrolyzed in the reaction mixture of their preparation.Using a related procedure, cyclic ethers are prepared from 1,ω-dichloroalkanes, sodium formate, and potassium hydroxide under solid/liquid phase-transfer conditions.