5537-67-7Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Electrochemical bromofunctionalization of alkenes in a flow reactor
Seitz, Jakob,Wirth, Thomas
supporting information, p. 6892 - 6896 (2021/08/20)
The bromination of organic molecules has been extensively studied to date, yet there is still a demand for safe and sustainable methodologies. Hazardous reagents, selectivity, low atom economy and waste production are the most persisting problems of brominating reagents. The electrochemical oxidation of bromide to bromine is a viable strategy to reduce waste by avoiding chemical oxidants. Furthermore, thein situgeneration of reactive intermediates minimizes the risk of hazardous reagents. In this work, we investigate the electrochemical generation of bromine from hydrobromic acid in a flow electrochemical reactor. Various alkenes could be converted to their corresponding dibromides, bromohydrines, bromohydrin ethers and cyclized products in good to excellent yields.
g-C3N4/metal halide perovskite composites as photocatalysts for singlet oxygen generation processes for the preparation of various oxidized synthons
Corti, Marco,Chiara, Rossella,Romani, Lidia,Mannucci, Barbara,Malavasi, Lorenzo,Quadrelli, Paolo
, p. 2292 - 2298 (2021/04/12)
g-C3N4/metal halide perovskite composites were prepared and used for the first time as photocatalysts forin situ1O2generation to perform hetero Diels-Alder, ene and oxidation reactions with suitable dienes and alkenes. The standardized methodology was made applicable to a variety of olefinic substrates. The scope of the method is finely illustrated and the reactions afforded desymmetrized hydroxy-ketone derivatives, unsaturated ketones and epoxides. Some limitations were also observed, especially in the case of the alkene oxidations, and poor chemoselectivity was somewhere observed in this work which is the first application of MHP-based composites forin situ1O2generation. The experimental protocol can be used as a platform to further expand the knowledge and applicability of MHPs to organic reactions, since perovskites offer a rich variety of tuning strategies which may be explored to improve reaction yields and selectivities.
Alkene, Bromide, and ROH – How To Achieve Selectivity? Electrochemical Synthesis of Bromohydrins and Their Ethers
Bityukov, Oleg V.,Nikishin, Gennady I.,Terent'ev, Alexander O.,Vil', Vera A.
supporting information, p. 3070 - 3078 (2021/05/10)
Bromohydrins and their ethers were electrochemically synthesized via hydroxy- and alkoxybromination of alkenes using potassium bromide and water or alcohols. High selectivity of bromohydrins formation was achieved only with the use of DMSO as the solvent and an acid as the additive. The proposed combination of starting reagents, additives, and solvents allowed to form bromohydrins or their ethers selectively despite the variety of side-products (epoxides, dibromides, diols). Bromohydrins were obtained in high yields, up to 96%, with a broad substrate scope in an undivided electrochemical cell equipped with glassy carbon and platinum electrodes at high current density. (Figure presented.).
Ni-Catalyzed Formal Cross-Electrophile Coupling of Alcohols with Aryl Halides
Lin, Quan,Ma, Guobin,Gong, Hegui
, p. 14102 - 14109 (2021/11/20)
Direct coupling of unactivated alcohols remains a challenge in current synthetic chemistry. We herein demonstrate a strategy building upon in situ halogenation/reductive coupling of alcohols with aryl halides to forge Csp2-Csp3 bonds. The combination of 2-chloro-3-ethylbenzo[d]oxazol-3-ium salt (CEBO) and TBAB as the mild bromination reagents enables rapid transformation of a wide range of alcohols to their bromide counterparts within one to 5 min in CH3CN and DMF, which is compatible with the Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling conditions in the presence of a chemical reductant. The present method is suitable for arylation of a myriad of structurally complex alcohols with no need for prepreparation of alkyl halides. More importantly, the mild and kinetically rapid bromination process has shown good selectivity in the bromination/arylation of symmetric diols and less sterically hindered hydroxyl groups in polyols, thus offering promise for selective functionalization of diols and polyols without laborious protecting/deprotecting operations. The practicality of this work is also evident in the arylation of a number of carbohydrates, drug compounds, and naturally occurring alcohols.
A useful propionate cofactor enhancing activity for organic solvent-tolerant recombinant metal-free bromoperoxidase (perhydrolase) from Streptomyces aureofaciens
China, Hideyasu,Ogino, Hiroyasu
, p. 327 - 332 (2019/07/12)
The oxidative brominating activity of an organic solvent-tolerant recombinant metal-free bromoperoxidase BPO-A1 with C-terminal His-tag (rBPO-A1), from Streptomyces aureofaciens found to depend on various additives. These included carboxylic acids, used as cofactors and alcohols, used as water-miscible organic solvents. Enzyme activity was significantly enhanced by using propanoic acid (PA) as a cofactor, which had a high Log D at pH 5.0 and ethylene glycol with a low Log P. The positional specificity of oxidative hydroxybromination for olefins, using rBPO-A1 and PA in the presence of methanol, was higher compared to a non-enzymatic reaction using peracetic acid. The oxidative bromination step, occurring after enzymatic peroxidation step, is suggested to be pseudoenzymatic.
Halofunctionalization of alkenes by vanadium chloroperoxidase from: Curvularia inaequalis
Dong, Jia Jia,Fernández-Fueyo, Elena,Li, Jingbo,Guo, Zheng,Renirie, Rokus,Wever, Ron,Hollmann, Frank
supporting information, p. 6207 - 6210 (2017/07/10)
The vanadium-dependent chloroperoxidase from Curvularia inaequalis is a stable and efficient biocatalyst for the hydroxyhalogenation of a broad range of alkenes into halohydrins. Up to 1 200 000 TON with 69 s-1 TOF were observed for the biocatalyst. A bienzymatic cascade to yield epoxides as reaction products is presented.
Complexes of cis-dioxomolybdenum(VI) with a chiral tetradentate tripodal-like ligand system: Syntheses, structures and catalytic activities
Ghosh, Sabari,Kurapati, Sathish Kumar,Pal, Samudranil
, p. 26 - 33 (2017/03/07)
Racemic complexes with the general formula cis-[MoO2(bzacLn)] (1–4) (H2bzacLn?=?2-((4/5-R-2-hydroxyphenylamino)(pyridin-2-yl)methyl)-1-phenylbutane-1,3-dione, where n?=?1–4 for R?=?H, 5-Me, 5-Cl and 4-Me, respectively and 2Hs represent the dissociable phenolic proton and the active tertiary CH proton) have been synthesized in 75–82% yields by reacting [MoO2(bzac)2] (Hbzac?=?benzoylacetone) with the potentially N2O-donor 5,5-membered fused chelate rings forming Schiff bases 4/5-R-2-(2-pyridylaldimine)phenols (HLn; n?=?1–4 for R?=?H, 4-Me, 4-Cl and 5-Me, respectively) in hot methanol. The chiral ligand system (bzacLn)2?in 1–4 is formed via metal assisted Mannich-type addition of benzoylacetonate methine to the azomethine fragment of HLn. All four complexes have been characterized by elemental (CHN) analysis, solution conductivity, magnetic susceptibility, spectroscopic (IR, UV–Vis and NMR) and electrochemical measurements. The molecular structures of 1–3 have been established by single crystal X-ray crystallography. In each complex, the chiral (bzacLn)2?acts as a tetradentate, N2O2-donor, tripodal-like ligand system and along with the two mutually cis oxo groups forms a distorted octahedral N2O4coordination environment around the molybdenum(VI) center. All four complexes are diamagnetic and non-electrolytic. The infrared spectra are generally consistent with the structural formulas of 1–4. The electronic spectra of 1–4 in dimethylformamide display two strong absorption bands in the range 245–300?nm. The cyclic voltammograms of 1–4 in dimethylformamide exhibit a metal centered one-electron reduction response within ?0.64 to ?0.74?V. All these complexes (1–4) and the analogous cis-[MoO2(acacL1–4)] (5–8) synthesized from [MoO2(acac)2] (Hacac?=?acetylacetone) and HL1–4have been evaluated for their bromoperoxidase activities.
On the bromination of aromatics, alkenes and alkynes using alkylammonium bromide: Towards the mimic of bromoperoxidases reactivity
Mendoza, Fabian,Ruíz-Guerrero, Rosario,Hernández-Fuentes, Carlos,Molina, Paulina,Norzagaray-Campos, Mariano,Reguera, Edilso
supporting information, p. 5644 - 5648 (2016/11/28)
This article describes an efficient method of bromination of organic substrates including aromatics, alkenes and alkynes with NH4VO3as a catalyst and H2O2as an oxidant agent using a non-toxic and easy-to-handle source of bromine, tetrabutylammonium bromide. The process was developed under mild reaction conditions and is an innovation from reported methods in aspects such as: i) short reaction times, ii) the ability to work at room temperature, iii) regioselectivity and good yields.
Trihaloisocyanuric Acid/Triphenylphosphine: An Efficient System for Regioselective Conversion of Epoxides into Vicinal Halohydrins and Vicinal Dihalides under Mild Conditions
De Andrade, Vitor S. C.,De Mattos, Marcio C. S.
, p. 1381 - 1388 (2016/05/19)
A new synthetic method has been developed for the regioselective conversion of epoxides to vicinal chloro-/bromohydrins and vicinal dihalides by reaction with the system trihaloisocyanuric acid/tri?phenylphosphine in acetonitrile under mild and neutral conditions. The reactions proceed smoothly in high yield at room temperature and at reflux, respectively, over a short time.
Cis-Dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes with unsymmetric linear tetradentate ligands: Syntheses, structures and bromoperoxidase activities
Kurapati, Sathish Kumar,Pal, Samudranil
, p. 116 - 124 (2016/02/18)
Reactions of [MoO2(acetylacetonate)2], 2-((2-(2-hydroxyethylamino)ethylamino)methyl)-4-R-phenols (H2Ln, n = 1-5 for R = H, Me, OMe, Cl and Br, respectively) and KOH in 1:1:2 mole ratio in methanol afford a series of complexes having the general formula cis-[MoO2(Ln)] (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) in 81-86% yields. The complexes have been characterized using elemental analysis, spectroscopy (infrared, UV-visible, and 1H NMR, 13C NMR and 13C-DEPT NMR) and electrochemical measurements. The molecular structures of 1, 2, 3, 4 have been determined using single-crystal X-ray crystallography. In each of 1, 2, 3, 4, the ONNO-donor 6,5,5-membered fused chelate rings forming (Ln)2- and the two mutually cis oxo groups assemble a distorted octahedral N2O4 coordination sphere around the metal centre. In the crystal lattice, each of 1, 2, 3, 4 forms a one-dimensional infinite chain structure via intermolecular N-H...O hydrogen bonding interactions. In cyclic voltammograms, the diamagnetic complexes display an irreversible metal-centred reduction in the potential range -0.73 to -0.88 V (vs Ag/AgCl). The physicochemical data are consistent with a very similar gross molecular structure for all of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. All the complexes exhibit decent bromoperoxidase activities and are also able to effectively catalyse benzoin and methyl(phenyl)sulfide oxidation reactions.
