565-75-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Preparation method and application of polysubstituted ethyl alkane
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Paragraph 0038-0041; 0043-0048; 0050-0055; 0057-0058, (2021/10/05)
The preparation method comprises the following steps: in an inert atmosphere, adding a raw material alcohol to a reaction kettle, then adding a solvent, a dehydration catalyst and a stabilizer to carry out reaction, carrying out rectification after reaction, and dividing the distillate to obtain olefin. The olefin is added to the hydrogenation kettle, and then water and a hydrogenation catalyst are added to replace the nitrogen to be hydrogenated and hydrogenated, and after the hydrogenation is finished, the catalyst is removed by filtration. The polysubstituted ethane alkane prepared by the invention does not generate waste in the production process, and all materials other than the main materials in the production process can be used for multiple times. The added water can greatly reduce the generation of static electricity in the production process, so that the product production safety is greatly improved. The yield of the polysubstituted ethane alkane is higher than 98%, and the purity is greater than 99.8%.
STABILIZATION OF ACTIVE METAL CATALYSTS AT METAL-ORGANIC FRAMEWORK NODES FOR HIGHLY EFFICIENT ORGANIC TRANSFORMATIONS
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Paragraph 0338, (2019/01/07)
Metal-organic framework (MOFs) compositions based on post?synthetic metalation of secondary building unit (SBU) terminal or bridging OH or OH2 groups with metal precursors or other post-synthetic manipulations are described. The MOFs provide a versatile family of recyclable and reusable single-site solid catalysts for catalyzing a variety of asymmetric organic transformations, including the regioselective boryiation and siiylation of benzyiic C—H bonds, the hydrogenation of aikenes, imines, carbonyls, nitroarenes, and heterocycles, hydroboration, hydrophosphination, and cyclization reactions. The solid catalysts can also be integrated into a flow reactor or a supercritical fluid reactor.
Alkene Hydrogenations by Soluble Iron Nanocluster Catalysts
Gieshoff, Tim N.,Chakraborty, Uttam,Villa, Matteo,Jacobi von Wangelin, Axel
supporting information, p. 3585 - 3589 (2017/03/21)
The replacement of noble metal technologies and the realization of new reactivities with earth-abundant metals is at the heart of sustainable synthesis. Alkene hydrogenations have so far been most effectively performed by noble metal catalysts. This study reports an iron-catalyzed hydrogenation protocol for tri- and tetra-substituted alkenes of unprecedented activity and scope under mild conditions (1–4 bar H2, 20 °C). Instructive snapshots at the interface of homogeneous and heterogeneous iron catalysis were recorded by the isolation of novel Fe nanocluster architectures that act as catalyst reservoirs and soluble seeds of particle growth.
PROCESS OF MAKING OLEFINS OR ALKYLATE BY REACTION OF METHANOL AND/OR DME OR BY REACTION OF METHANOL AND/OR DME AND BUTANE
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Page/Page column 15; 25; 26; 31; 32, (2017/05/10)
Methods of simultaneously converting butanes and methanol to olefins over Ti-containing zeolite catalysts are described. The exothermicity of the alcohols to olefins reaction is matched by endothermicity of dehydrogenation reaction of butane(s) to light olefins resulting in a thermo- neutral process. The Ti-containing zeolites provide excellent selectivity to light olefins as well as exceptionally high hydrothermal stability. The coupled reaction may advantageously be conducted in a staged reactor with methanol/DME conversion zones alternating with zones for butane(s) dehydrogenation. The resulting light olefins can then be reacted with iso-butane to produce high-octane alkylate. The net result is a highly efficient and low cost method for converting methanol and butanes to alkylate.
Single-Site Cobalt Catalysts at New Zr8(μ2-O)8(μ2-OH)4 Metal-Organic Framework Nodes for Highly Active Hydrogenation of Alkenes, Imines, Carbonyls, and Heterocycles
Ji, Pengfei,Manna, Kuntal,Lin, Zekai,Urban, Ania,Greene, Francis X.,Lan, Guangxu,Lin, Wenbin
supporting information, p. 12234 - 12242 (2016/09/28)
We report here the synthesis of robust and porous metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), M-MTBC (M = Zr or Hf), constructed from the tetrahedral linker methane-tetrakis(p-biphenylcarboxylate) (MTBC) and two types of secondary building units (SBUs): cubic M8(μ2-O)8(μ2-OH)4 and octahedral M6(μ3-O)4(μ3-OH)4. While the M6-SBU is isostructural with the 12-connected octahedral SBUs of UiO-type MOFs, the M8-SBU is composed of eight MIV ions in a cubic fashion linked by eight μ2-oxo and four μ2-OH groups. The metalation of Zr-MTBC SBUs with CoCl2, followed by treatment with NaBEt3H, afforded highly active and reusable solid Zr-MTBC-CoH catalysts for the hydrogenation of alkenes, imines, carbonyls, and heterocycles. Zr-MTBC-CoH was impressively tolerant of a range of functional groups and displayed high activity in the hydrogenation of tri- and tetra-substituted alkenes with TON > 8000 for the hydrogenation of 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene. Our structural and spectroscopic studies show that site isolation of and open environments around the cobalt-hydride catalytic species at Zr8-SBUs are responsible for high catalytic activity in the hydrogenation of a wide range of challenging substrates. MOFs thus provide a novel platform for discovering and studying new single-site base-metal solid catalysts with enormous potential for sustainable chemical synthesis.
Enhancement of dehydrogenation and hydride transfer by La3+ cations in zeolites during acid catalyzed alkane reactions
Schuessler, Florian,Schallmoser, Stefan,Shi, Hui,Haller, Gary L.,Ember, Erika,Lercher, Johannes A.
, p. 1743 - 1752 (2014/06/24)
La3+ cations exchanged into ultrastable zeolite Y and zeolite X promote catalytic isomerization, cracking, and alkylation of alkanes. La 3+ cations stabilize the zeolite lattices and, more importantly, polarize alkane C-H bonds to enhance the rates of all three reactions. This unique activity leads to stable cracking and isomerization of reactive alkanes, with polarizable C-H bonds with adjacent tertiary or quaternary carbon atoms below 370 K. The presence of La3+ cations also enhances the zeolite catalyzed hydride transfer rate for isobutane alkylation with 2-butene leading to high catalyst stability. Solid state MAS NMR shows that the strongest positive effects are associated with nonhydroxylated La3+ cations accessible to the reacting molecules in supercages of the zeolite. The high activity is the result of a cooperative polarization of C-H bonds of alkanes by La3+ cations and the presence of stable and strong Bronsted acid sites.
Ionic liquid enhanced alkylation of iso-butane and 1-butene
Cui, Peng,Zhao, Guoying,Ren, Hailing,Huang, Jun,Zhang, Suojiang
, p. 30 - 35 (2013/02/22)
The alkylation of iso-butane with 1-butene was catalyzed by triflic acid (TFOH) coupled with a series of protic ammonium-based ionic liquids (AMILs), and the addition of the AMILs dramatically enhanced the efficiency of TFOH for the alkylation reaction. Up to 85.1% trimethylpentanes (TMP) selectivity and 98 research octane number (RON) were achieved with the optimized TFOH/AMIL catalyst (75 vol.% triflic acid and 25 vol.% triethylammonium hydrogen sulfate), which were much better than that with the commercial H2SO4 catalyst (65% TMP selectivity, 97 RON) and pure triflic acid. The addition of AMILs increased the I/O ratio dissolved in the catalyst system and adjusted the acidity of the TFOH/AMILs catalyst system, which were highly beneficial to the alkylation reaction and resulted in high TMP selectivity and high RON.
DIMERIZATION PROCESS
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Page/Page column 4-5, (2011/04/18)
A process for the dimerization of isoolefins is disclosed. The process may include: contacting an isoolefin with sulfurous acid in a reaction zone at conditions of temperature and pressure sufficient to dimerize at least a portion of the isoolefin
Alkylation of isobutane with 2-butene using ionic liquids as catalyst
Bui, Thi Le Thuy,Korth, Wolfgang,Aschauer, Stephan,Jess, Andreas
scheme or table, p. 1961 - 1967 (2010/06/15)
Alkylation of isobutane with 2-butene was performed in a batch reactor using the ionic liquid 1-n-octyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aluminium chloride ([OMIM]Br-AlCl3) pure, and in a mixture with compounds containing SO3H-groups. The acidity of the ionic liquid (IL) was modified by the addition of acid cation exchange resins (dry or with a small amount of water), or by the addition of a second IL ([(HO3SBu)MIM]HSO4). A high content of the desired trimethylpentanes (up to 64%) and thus a high research octane number (RON up to 96) of the alkylate was obtained. The reusability of the IL systems was studied and compared with a catalyst commercially used at present (H2SO4).
Zeolites as the modern catalysts for the high octane gasoline component production
Patrylak,Patrylak,Ionin,Voloshyna,Skubiszewska-Zieba,Repetskyi
, p. 101 - 106 (2008/09/19)
Processes of isobutane with butenes alkylation with the purpose of obtaining the high octane gasoline'component (alkylate), being environmentally detrimental due to use of concentrated H2SO4 or HF acids as catalysts, are nevertheless of great industrial importance supplying the world market with approximately 80 mln tons of alkylate yearly. The perspective of zeolite catalysts as the substitutes of the above concentrated acids in the modern alkylation process has been considered. The most effective today's solid alkylation catalyst of the narrow acid spectrum has been found. Such acidity spectrum is considered to be responsible for the essential prolongation of the effective catalyst lifetime.
