5925-55-3Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Controlled free-radical polymerization of n-butyl acrylate by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer in the presence of tert-Butyl dithiobenzoate. A kinetic study
Chernikova, Elena,Morozov, Audrey,Leonova, Ekaterina,Garina, Elizaveta,Golubev, Vladimir,Bui, Chuong,Charleux, Bernadette
, p. 6329 - 6339 (2004)
The RAFT polymerization of n-butyl acrylate was studied in the presence of various concentrations of tert-butyl dithiobenzoate (t-BDB) as a chain transfer agent, and various concentrations of AIBN as an initiator at 60 and 90°C. The polymerizations exhibited the expected features of controlled systems. In particular, the linear increase in number-average molar mass (Mn) with monomer conversion, from very low conversion values, indicated a large apparent chain transfer constant to t-BDB. The kinetic study showed two typical characteristics already observed in RAFT polymerizations of various acrylates: the existence of an induction period and a strong rate retardation, both enhanced by the increase in t-BDB initial concentration. ESR spectroscopy was applied at 90°C and revealed the existence of an unexpectedly large concentration of intermediate radicals. The system was examined and discussed considering either the possibility of cross-termination between a propagating macroradical and an intermediate one, with fast fragmentation of the intermediate radicals or the absence of cross-termination but slow fragmentation.
Ynamide-Mediated Thionoester and Dithioester Syntheses
Yao, Chaochao,Yang, Jinhua,Lu, Xiaobiao,Zhang, Shuyu,Zhao, Junfeng
, p. 6628 - 6631 (2020/09/02)
A novel ynamide-mediated synthesis of thionoesters and dithioesters is described. The selective addition reactions of various monothiocarboxylic acids with ynamide furnish α-thioacyloxyenamides, which undergo transesterification with nucleophilic -OH or -SH species to afford thionoesters and dithioesters, respectively. The broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, and excellent yields make this method an attractive synthetic approach to thionoesters and dithioesters.
POLYMER BACKBONE ELEMENT TAGS
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Paragraph 0097, (2016/01/29)
Element tags based on novel metal-polymer conjugates are provided for elemental analysis of analytes, including ICP-MS. A polymer backbone is functionalized to irreversibly bind metals that are selected prior to use by the user. The polymer is further functionalized to attach a linker which allows for attachment to antibodies or other affinity reagents. The polymer format allows attachment of many copies of a given isotope, which linearly improves sensitivity. The metal-polymer conjugate tags enable multiplexed assay in two formats : bulk assay, where the average biomarker distribution in the sample is diagnostic, and single cell format to distinguish a rare (for example a diseased) cell in a complex sample (for example, blood).
Thiocarbonylthio compounds [S=C(Ph)S-R) in free radical polymerization with reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT polymerization). Role of the free-radical leaving group (R)
Chong, Bill Y. K.,Krstina, Julia,Le, Tam P.T.,Moad, Graeme,Postma, Almar,Rizzardo, Ezio,Thang, San H.
, p. 2256 - 2272 (2007/10/03)
Radical polymerization with reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT polymerization) can be used to synthesize a wide range of polymers of controlled architecture and narrow molecular weight distribution. The polymerization use addition-frag
POLYMERIZATION WITH LIVING CHARACTERISTICS
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, (2008/06/13)
This invention concerns a free radical polymerization process, selected chain transfer agents employed in the process and polymers made thereby, in which the process comprises preparing polymer of general Formula (A) and Formula (B) comprising contacting: (i) a monomer selected from the group consisting of vinyl monomers (of structure CH2═CUV), maleic anhydride, N-alkylmaleimide, N-arylmaleimide, dialkyl fumarate and cyclopolymerizable monomers; (ii) a thiocarbonylthio compound selected from Formula (C) and Formula (D) having a chain transfer constant greater than about 0.1; and (iii) free radicals produced from a free radical source; the polymer of Formula (A) being made by contacting (i), (ii) C and (iii) and that of Formula (B) by contacting (i), (ii) D, and (iii); and (iv) controlling the polydispersity of the polymer being formed by varying the ratio of the number of molecules of (ii) to the number of molecules of (iii); wherein Q, R, U, V, Z, Z′, m, p and q are as defined in the text.
Phosphorus pentasulfide: A mild and versatile catalyst/reagent for the preparation of dithiocarboxylic esters
Sudalai, Arumugam,Kanagasabapathy, Subbareddy,Benicewicz, Brian C.
, p. 3213 - 3216 (2007/10/03)
(matrix presented) The reaction of carboxylic acids (1) with a variety of thiols or alcohols in the presence of phosphorus pentasulfide (P4S10) as a catalyst and reagent (20-40 mol %) proceeded effectively to afford the corresponding dithiocarboxylic esters (2) in high yields.
Electroreduction of Organic Compounds, 9. - Convenient Electrochemical Preparation of Thioacetals from Dithioesters
Drosten, Gisela,Mischke, Peter,Voss, Juergen
, p. 1757 - 1762 (2007/10/02)
Thioacetals are obtained as main products on electroreduction of alkyl dithiocarboxylates of various types in the presence of dimethyl sulfate in methanol. (Z)- and (E)-1,2-diaryl-1,2-bis(methylthio)ethenes are formed as byproducts.No reduction to form be
Preparation and Some Reactions of Bis(thioacyl) Sulfides
Kato, Shinzi,Shibahashi, Hiroshi,Katada, Tomonori,Takagi, Takashi,Noda, Ippei,et al.
, p. 1229 - 1244 (2007/10/02)
Reaction of dithioic acids with dicyclohexylcarbodiimide has been found to give the corresponding bis(thioacyl) sulfides 1 in good yield, which are very useful thioacylating reagents under mild reaction conditions.Most of the aromatic thioanhydrides (1, R = aromatic) are fairly stable green crystals at room temperature, but the aliphatic ones (1, R = aliphatic) are unstable purple oils which dimerize at room temperature to give the dithietanes 5.The reactions with nucleophiles are discussed.
