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Usage

Classification

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)

Analgesic

Provides pain relief

Anti-pyretic

Reduces fever

Anti-inflammatory

Reduces inflammation

Mechanism of Action

Inhibits the production of prostaglandins, which are responsible for causing pain and inflammation

Arthritis

Relieves symptoms of arthritis

Gout

Treats gout attacks

Inflammatory conditions

Alleviates symptoms of other inflammatory conditions

Veterinary Medicine

Used to treat musculoskeletal disorders in horses and other large animals

Side Effects

Potential for causing serious side effects such as gastrointestinal bleeding and kidney damage

Regulatory Status

Restricted or banned in many countries due to potential side effects

Upstream product

• 108-30-5 succinic acid anhydride 
• 100-63-0 phenylhydrazine 
• 128-08-5 N-Bromosuccinimide 
• 62-53-3 aniline 
• 110-15-6 succinic acid 
• 14580-01-9 4-oxo-4-(2-phenylhydrazinyl)butanoic acid 

Downstream Products

• 107940-76-1 1,1'-(1,2-Diphenyl-1,2-hydrazindiyl)bis(2,5-pyrrolidindion) 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Simple and efficient synthesis of N-alkyl and N-aryl succinimides in hot water

A new, simple synthesis of succinimides is described. The reactions were carried out under the ultimate green conditions excluding both catalyst and organic solvent by applying simple stirring at 100 °C. A wide variety of N-susbstituted succinimides have been prepared in high yields by using succinic acid and primary amines in hot water. Yield of N-alkyl substituted succinimides were found to be higher than those of N-aryl substituted succinimides.

One-step ring condensation of hydrazine derivatives and cyclic anhydrides

Hydroxypyridazinone and pyrroledione rings condensation in the reactions of hydrazine hydrate with citraconic, 2,3-dimethylmaleic, succinic and cis-cyclohexanedicarboxylic anhydrides have been conducted in the HCl aqueous solution. The pyridazine-ring condensation yields products unexpected for these conditions. They have been identified by 1H/13C NMR and X-ray diffraction. The course of the reaction toward the five- and six-membered ring condensation strongly depends on methyl and other substituents in the anhydrides and in hydrazine. The obtained products indicate that the ring condensation is controlled by the molecular strains and steric hindrances between the substituents in anhydrides and pyridazinone products. The condensation of cyclic anhydrides with hydrazines has been reduced to one-step reaction and its yield significantly increased.

Preparation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenylhydrazine

Disclosed is a process for the preparation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenylhydrazine by chlorinating the reaction product of phenylhydrazine and a dicarboxylic anhydride to obtain an N-(2,4,6-trichloroanilino)dicarboximide which is reacted with a base capable of liberating 2,4,6-trichlorophenylhydrazine therefrom.

Structural Studies of the Reaction Products of Succinic Anhydride and Phenylhydrazine

The reaction of succinic anhydride with phenylhydrazine in gl. acetic acid gives a mixture of N-anilinosuccinamic acid (I), hexahydro-2-phenyl-3-phenylhydrazonopyridazine-6-one (II), N,N'-dianilinosuccinamide (III), N-anilino-2,5-diketo-pyrrolidine (IV) and 4,5-dihydro-3-hydroxy-1-phenylpyridazin-6-one (V).Compound II is also obtained via III when I is reacted with phenylhydrazine.

Synthesis and anticonvulsant evaluation of N-aminosuccinimides

Twelve new N-aminosuccinimides were synthesized by the condensation of hydrazines with succinic anhydrides in glacial acetic acid. The compounds were evaluated in the maximal electroshock seizure and subcutaneous pentylenetetrazol seizure threshold tests