65037-62-9

Upstream product

• 50562-79-3 1-(4-tolylsulfonyl)indole-3-carboxaldehyde 
• 1779-49-3 Methyltriphenylphosphonium bromide 
• 13170-43-9 (trimethylsilyl)methylmagnesium chloride 
• 1440429-92-4 C₁₇H₁₇NO₂S 
• 118-92-3 anthranilic acid 
• 5344-90-1 2-Aminobenzyl alcohol 
• 90312-02-0 N-(2-hydroxymethylphenyl)-4-methylbenzenesulfonamide 
• 6590-65-4 N-(2-Formyl-phenyl)-4-methyl-benzenesulfonamide 
• 1138464-46-6 3-(1-p-toluenesulfonyl-indol-3-yl)propanal 
• 98-59-9 p-toluenesulfonyl chloride 
• 2065-66-9 methyl-triphenylphosphonium iodide 
• 487-89-8 Indole-3-carboxaldehyde 

Downstream Products

• 858101-79-8 (+)-(1S,2S)-tert-butyl 2-(1-tosyl-1H-indol-3-yl)cyclopropane-1-carboxylate 
• 164713-49-9 (1S,2S)-(+)-trans-2-<1-(p-Toluenesulfonyl)indol-3-yl>cyclopropanecarboxylic acid 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Unusual Formation of Cyclopenta[ b]indoles from 3-Indolylmethanols and Alkynes

Acid-promoted synthesis of cyclopenta[b]indole frameworks from 3-indolylmethanols and alkynes has been reported. The overall transformation represents a formal [3 + 2] annulation via rearrangement. This protocol showed good generality for the carbinol substrates as well as alkynes and allowed the generation of structurally diverse cyclopenta[b]indoles. Terminal alkynes, dialkyl-substituted internal alkynes, and alkynes with electron-deficient substituents were found to be not suitable for this transformation. Similarly, N-Ts and N-Boc groups were compatible with reaction conditions, whereas N-Ac and N-Tf failed to undergo this reaction. Isolation of vinyl chloride intermediate suggested the involvement of a vinylic carbocation intermediate. A mechanism has been proposed involving a ring-opening-ring-closing cascade followed by a 1,3-indole migration process via a spirocyclobutene intermediate.

Methylenespiro[2.3]hexanes via Nickel-Catalyzed Cyclopropanations with [1.1.1]Propellane

[1.1.1]Propellane is a highly strained tricyclic hydrocarbon whose reactivity is dominated by addition reactions across the central inverted bond to provide bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane derivatives. These reactions proceed under both radical and two-electron pathways, hence, providing access to a diverse array of products. Conversely, transition metal-catalyzed reactions of [1.1.1]propellane are underdeveloped and lack synthetic utility, with reported examples generally yielding mixtures of ring-opened structural isomers, dimers, and trimers, often with poor selectivity. Herein, we report that nickel(0) catalysis enables the use of [1.1.1]propellane as a carbene precursor in cyclopropanations of a range of functionalized alkenes to give methylenespiro[2.3]hexane products. Computational studies provide support for initial formation of a Ni(0)-[1.1.1]propellane complex followed by concerted double C-C bond activation to give the key 3-methylenecyclobutylidene-nickel intermediate.

Discovery and structure-activity relationship of imidazolinylindole derivatives as kallikrein 7 inhibitors

A series of imidazolinylindole derivatives were discovered as novel kallikrein 7 (KLK7, stratum corneum chymotryptic enzyme) inhibitors. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies led to the identification of potent human KLK7 inhibitors. By further modification of the benzenesulfonyl moiety to overcome species differences in inhibitory activity, potent inhibitors against both human and mouse KLK7 were identified. Furthermore, the complex structure of 25 with mouse KLK7 could explain the SAR and the cause of the species differences in inhibitory activity.

The use of formaldehyde in the rhodium-catalyzed linear-selective hydroformylation of vinylheteroarenes

An accessible protocol for the linear-selective hydroformylation of vinylheteroarenes using formaldehyde as a substitute for syngas is reported. The simultaneous use of BIPHEP and Nixantphos ligands permitted a high regioselectivity (linear/branched = up

Palladium-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of aniline-tethered alkylidenecyclopropanes with O2: a facile protocol to selectively synthesize 2- and 3-vinylindoles

A novel palladium-catalyzed oxidative cyclization of aniline-tethered alkylidenecyclopropanes using molecular oxygen as the terminal oxidant through β-carbon elimination of aminopalladation intermediates is disclosed. The reaction opens up an effective way to obtain a series of 2- and 3-vinylindoles which are important synthetic intermediates in many natural indole derivatives.

Rh-catalyzed C-C bond cleavage by transfer hydroformylation

The dehydroformylation of aldehydes to generate olefins occurs during the biosynthesis of various sterols, including cholesterol in humans. Here, we implement a synthetic version that features the transfer of a formyl group and hydride from an aldehyde substrate to a strained olefin acceptor. A Rhodium(Xantphos)(benzoate) catalyst activates aldehyde carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds with high chemoselectivity to trigger carbon-carbon (C-C) bond cleavage and generate olefins at low loadings (0.3 to 2 mole percent) and temperatures (22° to 80°C). This mild protocol can be applied to various natural products and was used to achieve a three-step synthesis of (+)-yohimbenone. A study of the mechanism reveals that the benzoate counterion acts as a proton shuttle to enable transfer hydroformylation.

Diastereoselective synthesis of functionalised carbazoles via a sequential Diels-Alder/ene reaction strategy

An operationally simple one-pot, three-component, diastereoselective synthesis of saturated carbazoles and related pyridazino[3,4-b]indoles, based on two sequential intermolecular pericyclic reactions, is described. The reaction sequence involves an intermolecular Diels-Alder (D-A) reaction of a 3-vinyl-1H-indole, containing an electron withdrawing N-protecting group, with a suitable dienophile. Due to the electron withdrawing nature of the N-protecting group the resultant D-A cycloadducts are sufficiently stabilised to allow for a subsequent in situ diastereospecific intermolecular ene reaction to take place with an added enophile, generating functionalised carbazoles with relative stereocontrol of up to four stereocentres.

Synthesis of vinylindoles and vinylpyrroles by the Peterson olefination or by use of the Nysted reagent

Vinylindoles and vinylpyrroles were prepared from their corresponding aldehydes or ketones using the Peterson olefination, or by use of the Nysted reagent, a commercially available gem-dimetallic compound. The two methods provide efficient and convenient

Hydrazines and azides via the metal-catalyzed hydrohydrazination and hydroazidation of olefins

The discovery, study, and implementation of the Co- and Mn-catalyzed hydrohydrazination and hydroazidation reactions of olefins are reported. These reactions are equivalent to direct hydroaminations of C-C double bonds with protected hydrazines or hydrazoic acid but are based on a different concept in which the H and the N atoms come from two different reagents, a silane and an oxidizing nitrogen source (azodicarboxylate or sulfonyl azide). The hydrohydrazination reaction using di-tert-butyl azodicarboxylate is characterized by its ease of use, large functional group tolerance, and broad scope, including mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrasubstituted olefins. Key to the development of the hydroazidation reaction was the use of sulfonyl azides as nitrogen sources and the activating effect of tert-butyl hydroperoxide. The reaction was found to be efficient for the functionalization of mono-, di-, and trisubstituted olefins, and only a few functional groups are not tolerated. The alkyl azides obtained are versatile intermediates and can be transformed to the free amines or triazoles without isolation of the azides. Preliminary mechanistic investigations suggest a rate-limiting hydrocobaltation of the alkene, followed by an amination reaction. Radical intermediates cannot be ruled out and may be involved.

Catalytic asymmetric diazoacetate cyclopropanation of 1-tosyl-3- vinylindoles. A route to conformationally restricted homotryptamines

(Chemical Equation Presented) Substituted 1-tosyl-3-vinylindoles undergo catalytic asymmetric cyclopropanation with ethyl- and tert-butyldiazoacetate to afford N-protected trans-2-(indol-3-yl)-1-cyclopropanecarboxylic esters in good yield and high enantio