678-26-2

Usage

Uses

Used in Diagnostic Aids:
Pentane,1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-dodecafluorois used as a diagnostic aid for medical imaging. The expression is: Pentane,1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-dodecafluorois used as a contrast agent for enhancing the visualization of blood vessels and other internal structures during diagnostic imaging procedures.
Used in Theranostics:
Pentane,1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-dodecafluorois used in the production of bubble formulations for theranostics. The expression is: Pentane,1,1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-dodecafluorois used as a component in bubble formulations for improving the targeting and delivery of therapeutic agents to specific tissues or organs.
Used in EchoGen Emulsion:

InChI:InChI=1/C5F12/c6-1(7,2(8,9)4(12,13)14)3(10,11)5(15,16)17

Upstream product

• 110-86-1 pyridine 
• 279-49-2 7-oxabicyclo(2.2.1)heptane 
• 58583-90-7 methyl 2-piperidylacetate 
• 23573-93-5 methyl 3-(piperidino)propionate 
• 3113-59-5 perfluoro-(1-pentylpiperidine) 
• 5927-67-3 decafluoro-1,2-epoxycyclohexane 
• 76-16-4 Hexafluoroethane 
• 94412-76-7 bis-(2,2,3,4,4,4-hexafluoro-1-methylbutyl) ether 
• 677-69-0 perfluoroisopropyl iodide 
• 14352-61-5 methyl cyclohexylacetate 
• 61402-69-5 methyl 2-cyclopentylpropionate 
• 20681-51-0 methyl 3-cyclohexylpropionate 
• 54899-45-5 3-cyclohexyl-2-methyl-propionic acid methyl ester 
• 122958-11-6 (+/-)-3-(1-piperidinyl)butyric acid methyl ester 

Downstream Products

• 76-19-7 freon-218 
• 116-15-4 perfluoropropylene 
• 76-16-4 Hexafluoroethane 
• 382-21-8 perfluoroisobutylene 
• 75-72-9 chlorotrifluoromethane 
• 75-71-8 Dichlorodifluoromethane 
• 76-15-3 Chloropentafluoroethane 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Fluorination of organic compounds with cobalt trifluoride and elemental fluorine in the presence of cobalt trifluoride

Fluorination of organic compounds with cobalt trifluoride and elemental fluorine in the presence of cobalt trifluoride was studied. Fluorination with elemental fluorine proceeds under external-kinetic control at a constant rate. Examples of fluorination w

Electrochemical fluorination of unsaturated sulfides and sulfones

Electrochemical fluorination of some unsaturated sulfides and sulfones and their reactions with anhydrous HF were studied.

Improvements in or relating to contrast agents

Combined preparations comprising an injectable gas dispersion and a coadministrable diffusible component which is capable of inward diffusion into the dispersed gas so as to promote temporary growth of the gas in vivo, the preparations being for use as contrast agents in ultrasound cardiac studies of patients who have undergone physical exercise-induced stress in order to promote vasodilatation.

Electrochemical fluorination of hexahydroazepine, methylpiperidines and methyl 1-hexahydroazepine-acetate: The preparation of F-(1-hexahydroazepine-acetyl fluoride) and its derivatives

The electrochemical fluorination of hexahydroazepine (1), methylpiperidines (2) [2-methylpiperidine (2a), 3-methylpiperidine (2b), 4-methylpiperidine (2c)] and methyl 1-hexahydroazepine-acetate (3) was examined. An extensive cleavage of the C-N bond occurred in the fluorination of secondary cyclic amines (1, 2a-c) resulting in only a small yield of the corresponding F-(N-fluoro cyclic amines). F-(1-hexahydroazepine-acetyl fluoride) (4) was obtained in a fair yield from the fluorination of 3 along with F-[(methylpiperidino)-acetylfluoride] which was formed as a result of the isomerization of 3 during fluorination. In addition, several derivatives of 4 were synthesized. F-(1-iodomethyl-hexahydroazepine) (4a) was prepared by the reaction of 4 with anhydrous LiI. The compound 4 was converted into its potassium salt (4c) via methyl F-(1-hexahydroazepine-acetate) (4b), which upon pyrolysis in the presence or absence of ethylene glycol resulted in the formation of 1-difluoromethyl-dodecafluoro(hexahydroazepine) (4d) and F-(3,4,5,6-tetrahydroazepine) (4e), respectively. F-(1-hexahydroazepine-acetoamide) (4f), F-(1-hexahydroazepine-acetonitrile) (4g) and corresponding p-methoxyanilide (4h) were also derived from 4.

Technology for the preparation of perfluoro-organic compounds

Fluorination by elemental fluorine of fluorine-containing alkenes, alkanes, ethers and tertiary amines was investigated, aimed at obtaining the perfluorinated analogs. The factors affecting yield of the target compounds were studied. Elements of technology were elucidated.

Electrochemical fluorination of (N,N-dialkylamino)alcohols

Series of amino alcohols including 2-(N,N-dialkylamino)ethanols, 3-(N,N-dimethylamino)propanol and 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)butanol were subjected to electrochemical fluorination. In the case of 2-(N,N-dialkylamino)ethanols, the F-(2-N,N-dialkylamino)acetyl fluorides were obtained in fair to good yields. Yields of each target compound were strongly dependent on the kind of the dialkylamino group. Cyclic amines having an N-(2-hydroxylethyl) group afforded the corresponding F-[N-(c-alkylamino)-substituted acetyl fluorides]. Their yields were generally better than those of acyclic analogs. Several 2-(N,N-dialkylamino)ethanols and 3-(N,N-dimethylamino)propanol were converted into the corresponding trimethylsilylethers, aminoalkyl methyl carbonates and bis-aminoalkyl carbonate, respectively, and they were subjected to fluorination for a comparison of the yield with that obtained from that of the parent aminoalcohol.

Investigations on the product distribution pattern during the electrochemical fluorination of 2-fluoropyridine and pyridine

By using 2-fluoropyridine instead of pyridine as the starting material, a 19% conversion yield of perfluoropiperidine was obtained during the electrochemical fluorination process. At least ten products including perfluoropiperidine were characterised using repeated fractional distillation followed by GC and NMR analysis.

Production of perfluorinated organic compounds

Fluorination of a series of perfluoroolefins and their alkoxy and diethylamino derivatives with elemental fluorine in the gas and liquid phases was studied. The possibility of fluorinating these compounds with pure fluorine was demonstrated. The fluorination parameters were determined, and separate stages of processes for preparing a series of practically important products were developed. The heats of fluorination of the compounds studied were calculated.

The electrochemical fluorination of N-containing carboxylic acids (Part 4). Fluorination of methyl 3-dialkylamino-isobutyrates and methyl 3-dialkylamino-n-butyrates

Several methyl esters of 3-dialkylamino-substituted n- and isobutyric acids have been subjected to electrochemical fluorination to give the corresponding perfluoroacid fluorides.Dimethyl, diethyl, pyrrolidino, morpholino, piperidino and N-methylpiperazino groups were investigated as dialkylamino substituents.The structure/yield relationship was evaluated both in terms of the structure of the acid and the kind of amino group, respectively.Better yields of perfluoroacid fluorides were obtained from methyl esters having isobutyric acid skeletons than those having n-butyric acid groups, and from the acids containing cyclic amino groups than those containing acyclic ones.

LASER-INDUCED DECOMPOSITION OF HEPTAFLUORO-2-IODOPROPANE

CO2 laser-induced homogeneous decomposition of i-C3F7I yields a variety of perfluorinated compounds, which are suggested to be formed by recombinations of carbenes and radicals generated upon the cleavage of the C-1 bond and the fragmentation of the i-C3F7 radical.The decomposition of i-C3F7I in the presence of ethene leads mainly to the formation of (i-C3F7CH2)2 and i-C3F7(CH2)2I.