766-90-5Relevant academic research and scientific papers
Characterization of water/sucrose laurate/n-propanol/ allylbenzene microemulsions
Fanun, Monzer,Ayad, Ziad,Mudalal, Samer,Dahoah, Shirel,Meltzer, Diana,Schwarze, Michael,Schomaecker, Reinhard,Blum, Jochanan
, p. 505 - 512 (2012)
Water/n-propanol/sucrose laurate/allylbenzene micellar systems were formulated and applied in the isomerization of allylbenzene in the presence of heterogenized derivatives of some platinum group catalysts. The ratio (w/w) of n-propanol/surfactant studied herewith was 2/1. Temperature insensitive microemulsions were found. The microemulsions were characterized by the volumetric parameters, density, excess volume, ultrasonic velocity, and isentropic compressibility. The densities increase with increases in the water volume fraction. Excess volumes of the microemulsions decrease for water volume fractions below 0.2, level off for water volume fractions between 0.2 and 0.6 then increase for water volume fractions above 0.6. Excess volumes of the studied micellar systems increase with temperature. Isentropic compressibilities increase with temperature for water volume fractions below 0.8 and decrease for water volume fractions above 0.8. Structural transitions from water-in-oil to bicontinuous to oil-in-water occur along the microemulsion phase. The particle hydrodynamic diameter of the oil-in-water microemulsions at the 0.95 water volume fraction was found to decrease with temperature. AOCS 2012.
The Autocatalytic Isomerization of Allylbenzene by Nickel(0) Tetrakis(triethylphosphite)
Bartlett, Stuart A.,Badiola, Katrina A.,Arandiyan, Hamidreza,Masters, Anthony F.,Maschmeyer, Thomas
, p. 3384 - 3387 (2018)
Using [Ni{(POEt)3}4] as catalyst precursor for the catalytic isomerization of allylbenzene to beta-methylstyrene, time-course studies suggest a mechanism that is consistent with an autocatalytic reaction. The sigmoidal curve observed when plotting conversion vs. time fits exceptionally well to a kinetic model of an autocatalytic process (R2 = 0.998). We show that the uncoordinated phosphite, generated during the catalyst activation, reduces the acid concentration and, consequently, has a detrimental effect on the formation of the protonated active nickel catalyst. The nickel complex protonation is seen as a key step in forming the active catalytic species. The novel use of a mercury salt as a phosphite scavenger leads to inhibition of the free phosphite's capability to lower acid concentration, improving the catalytic performance of the system, consistent with the mechanism proposed.
Small molecule activation by mixed methyl/methylidene rare earth metal complexes
Hong, Jianquan,Li, Zhenhua,Chen, Zhening,Weng, Linhong,Zhou, Xigeng,Zhang, Lixin
, p. 6641 - 6649 (2016)
Diverse reactivity patterns of mixed tetramethyl/methylidene rare-earth complexes bearing bulky benzamidinate coligands L3Ln3(μ2-Me)3(μ3-Me)(μ3-CH2) [L = [PhC(NC6H3iPr2-2,6)2]-; Ln = Y(1a), Lu(1b)] with PhCN, alkynes, and CS2 have been established. Reaction of complexes 1 with PhCN gave the μ3-CH2 addition complexes (NCNdipp)3Lu3(μ2-Me)3(μ3-Me)[μ-η1:η1:η3-CH2C(Ph)N] [Ln = Y(2a), Lu(2b)]. Treatment of complexes 1 with phenylacetylene afforded unexpected alkenyl dianion complexes L3Ln3(μ2-Me)3(μ3-Me)(μ-η1:η3-PhC≡CMe) [Ln = Y(3a), Lu(3b)] through the insertion of rare earth methylidene into a C-H bond in a reductive fashion. However, reaction of complexes 1 and HC≡CSiMe3 gave μ3-Me protonolysis complexes L3Ln3(μ2-Me)3(μ3-C≡CSiMe3)(μ3-CH2) [Ln = Y (4a), Lu (4b)] in excellent yields. Treatment of complexes 1 with CS2 led to the formation of the methyl activation complexes L3Ln3(μ2-Me)2(μ3-CH2)(μ3-η1:η2:η2-S2C≡CH2) [Ln = Y(5a), Lu(5b)]. All the new complexes were fully characterized.
Observation of intermediates in Wittig reactions of non-stabilized phosphonium ylides bearing a phosphaheteratriptycene skeleton containing Group 15 elements with benzaldehyde
Uchiyama, Yosuke,Kuniya, Suguru,Watanabe, Ryo,Ohtsuki, Takemaru
, p. 281 - 284 (2019)
The heteroatom effect of Group 15 elements (P, As, Sb and Bi) has been investigated on stereochemical drift in the Wittig reactions of non-stabilized phosphonium ylides bearing a phosphaheteratriptycene skeleton with benzaldehyde. 1,2-Oxaphosphetanes were observed as intermediates and the isomerization from cis-form to trans-form, the origin of stereochemical drift, was detected between ?90 °C and 25 °C by VT-31P{1H} NMR spectroscopy. The isomerization was found to start at lower temperatures as the raw number of heavier period elements. Cross experiments showed that the isomerization occurred through equilibrium between 1,2-oxaphosphetanes and phosphonium ylides-benzaldehyde.GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT (Figure presented.).
Wittig reactions of non-stabilized phosphonium ylides bearing a phosphaheteratriptycene skeleton containing group 14 and 15 elements with benzaldehyde
Uchiyama, Yosuke,Kuniya, Suguru,Watanabe, Ryo,Ohtsuki, Takemaru
, p. 277 - 278 (2019)
Wittig reactions of non-stabilized phosphonium ylides bearing a phosphaheteratriptycene skeleton containing Group 14 and 15 elements (PhSi, PhGe, PhSn, n-BuSn, P, As, Sb, and Bi) at another bridgehead position with benzaldehyde provided (Z)-olefins as a major product in the cases of period 3 elements (PhSi, P) and (E)-olefins as a major product in the cases of below period 4 elements (PhGe, PhSn, n-BuSn, As, Sb, and Bi). These results are attributed to stereochemical drift of the intermediates come from the heteroatom effect at another bridgehead position of the phosphaheteratriptycene skeleton.
HYDROXIDE ION INITIATED REACTIONS IN PHASE TRANSFER CATALYSIS. I. ISOMERIZATION OF ALLYLBENZENE.
Halpern, Marc,Yonowich-Weiss, Minda,Sasson, Yoel,Rabinovitz, Mordecai
, p. 703 - 704 (1981)
Allylbenzene (pKa34) was isomerized to trans and cis β-methylstyrene under phase transfer catalysis conditions.Several half lives of this reaction were measured under various conditions.
The phenylcarbene rearrangement as a source of real carbenes
Fox,Gillen Scacheri,Jones,Jones Jr.,Shevlin,Armstrong,Sztyrbicka
, p. 5021 - 5024 (1992)
The phenylcarbene rearrangement is used to produce carbenes that are compared to the intermediates formed on photolysis and pyrolysis of diazo compounds.
Photosensitized isomerization of olefin with benzophenone-conjugated amphiphilic graft copolymers
Shiraishi, Yasuhiro,Suzuki, Takeshi,Hirai, Takayuki
, p. 80 - 86 (2010)
Two kinds of amphiphilic graft copolymers, PAA-g-P(MMA-co-BP) and P(AA-co-BP)-g-PMMA, consisting of polar poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), less polar poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and benzophenone (BP) photosensitizing units, have been synthesized. These pol
FACILE PHOTOGENERATION OF COORDINATIVELY UNSATURATED ACTIVE SPECIES FROM HYDRIDOPHOSPHONITECOBALT(I) COMPLEX AND ITS APPLICATION TO DOUBLE-BOND MIGRATION OF OLEFIN
Onishi, Masayoshi,Hiraki, Katsuma,Matsuda, Masahiko,Fukunaga, Tetsuo
, p. 261 - 264 (1983)
Pyrex-filtered irradiation of thermally inert complex 4> dissociated PPh(OMe)2 from cobalt without cleavage of a hydrido-cobalt bond, yielding an active species "CoH3".The photogenerated species caused double-bond migration of 3-phenylpropene to (E)- and (Z)-1-phenylpropenes.
POLYMER-SUPPORTED METALLOCENES AND THEIR APPLICATIONS TO THE CATALYSIS OF OLEFIN ISOMERIZATION, OLIGOMERIZATION, EPOXIDATION AND DINITROGEN FIXATION REACTIONS
Lau, Chak-Po,Chang, Biau-Hung,Grubbs, R. H.,Brubaker, Carl H.
, p. 325 - 337 (1981)
Polymer-attached TiCp2Cl2 and TiCpCl3 have been reduced by BuLi and the reduction products have been employed in catalytic isomerization of allylbenzene and 1,5-cyclooctadiene.The former was converted into a mixture of trans- and cis-propenyl benzene, white the 1,5-cyclooctadiene was isomerized to 1,3-cyclooctadiene through the 1,4-cyclooctadiene intermediate.Oligomerization of ethyl propiolate has been effected by the polymer-attached titanocene species and gave a mixture of closed and open trimers.Polymer-supported TiCp2Cl2 and TiCpCl3 can be used directly, without going through the reduction process, for the low yield epoxidation of cyclohexene and cyclooctene.Polymer-supported, methylene-bridged, Cl2TiCp(C5H4CH2C5H3-)CpTiCl2, was prepared and used in dinitrogen fixation studies.Polymer-attached TiCp2(CO)2 was prepared.
