78279-92-2Relevant academic research and scientific papers
METHOD FOR PRODUCING POLYNUCLEAR METAL CLUSTER
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Paragraph 0107, (2020/10/31)
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a method for producing a polynuclear metal cluster that can control the number of nuclei. SOLUTION: A method for producing a polynuclear metal cluster includes a reductive reaction of reducing a metal complex as a starting material with a silicon compound (1), where the polynuclear metal cluster is an oxygen-crosslinked polynuclear metal cluster (where n is 1 or 2, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are the same or different to represent a hydrogen atom or a C1-4 alkyl group). SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2020,JPOandINPIT
REDUCTANT AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING METAL USING THE SAME
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Paragraph 0029, (2017/03/25)
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a novel reductant that can reduce metal ions by a reduction reaction in solvent, and a method for producing metal using the reductant. SOLUTION: A reductant comprises a compound represented by the general formula (where X1 and X2 are the same or different to represent a nitrogen atom or a methine group, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are the same or different to represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a sec-butyl group or a tert-butyl group). There is also provided a method for producing metal by bringing the reductant into contact with a metal ion source in solvent. SELECTED DRAWING: None COPYRIGHT: (C)2016,JPOandINPIT
Titanium-catalyzed reductive umpolung reactions with a metal-free terminal reducing agent
Frey, Georg,Hausmann, J. Niklas,Streuff, Jan
supporting information, p. 5693 - 5696 (2015/03/31)
A new method for titanium-catalyzed reductive umpolung reactions is reported that overcomes the traditional requirement for a stoichiometric metallic reductant. With N,N′-disilylated tetramethyldihydropyrazine as a potent organic reducing agent, reductive carbonyl-nitrile, enone-acrylonitrile and pinacol coupling reactions can be achieved in good yields and stereoselectivities. [Cp2TiI2] is a superior catalyst to [Cp2TiCl2], which is rationalized by a faster generation of the active catalyst [Cp2TiI]. A mechanism is proposed that is in agreement with the experimental results. Replacing zinc: A protocol for titanium(III)-catalyzed reductive umpolung reactions is presented that enables the title reactions in the presence of an N,N′-disilylated tetramethyldihydropyrazine as an organic sacrificial reducing agent. It is successfully applied to carbonyl-nitrile, enone-acrylonitrile and pinacol coupling reactions. A remarkable effect of the titanocene counterion renders titanocene diiodide a superior catalyst.
Effects of Cyclic 8-?-Electron Conjugation in Reductively Silylated N-Heterocycles
Kaim, Wolfgang
, p. 707 - 713 (2007/10/02)
A number of partly reduced N-heterocycles,2-15, have been prepared by reductive silylation of aromatic precursors.The N-silyl substituents stabilize unusual electronic structures such as the 1,4-dihydropyrazine system toward rearrangements.In addition, R3Si substitution is likely to cause planarization at the amino nitrogen atoms.This may lead to cyclic 8-?-electron conjugation, as has been established, e.g., for 1,4-bis(trimethylsilyl)-1,4-dihydropyrazine (2).The experimental results obtained for 2 by comparative 1H NMR and photoelectron spectroscopic studies are a distinct paratropism, an exceptionally low ionization potential, and an enormous difference between the first and the second ionization energy.These effects confirm the predictions made for planar 1,4-dihydropyrazine on the basis of HMO calculations.Corresponding to the very low ionization potentials of most of the reduced compounds, persistent radical cations such as 2+. have been readily obtained and were fully characterized by ESR spectroscopy.Modification of the 1,4-dihydropyrazine 2 by methyl substitution or by extension of the ? system results in an attenuation of the 8-?-electron conjugation through steric and/or electronic factors.The flexibility of this system toward steric requirements can be related to the redox behavior of flavoenzymes.
