86847-66-7Relevant academic research and scientific papers
7,7′-Diazaindirubin - A small molecule inhibitor of casein kinase 2 in vitro and in cells
Cheng, Xinlai,Merz, Karl-Heinz,Vatter, Sandra,Christ, Jochen,W?lfl, Stefan,Eisenbrand, Gerhard
, p. 247 - 255 (2014/01/17)
Aza- and diaza-bisindoles were synthesized by coupling of 7-azaisatin, 7-azaoxindol, 7-azaindoxyl acetate, and their non-aza counterparts, respectively. Whereas 7,7′-diazaindigo (10) and 7,7′-diazaisoindigo (11) did not show antiproliferative activity in several human tumor cell lines up to 100 μM, 7-azaindirubin (12) and 7′-azaindirubin (13) were more active than the parent molecule, indirubin, in LXFL529L cells (human large cell lung tumor xenograft), and 7,7′-diazaindirubin (14) was exhibiting substantially enhanced growth inhibitory activity in these cells. In the NCI 60 cell line panel, 14 displayed antiproliferative activity preferentially in certain melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer cells. In contrast to the potent serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase inhibition observed for indirubins, kinase inhibition profiling of 14 in 220 kinases revealed largely a loss of kinase inhibitory activity towards most kinases, with retained inhibitory activity for just a few kinases. At 1 μM concentration, especially casein kinases CK1γ3, CK2α, CK2α2, and SIK were inhibited by more than 50%. In cell-based assays, 14 markedly affected CK2-mediated signaling in various human tumor cells. In MCF7 cells, 14 induced cell cycle arrest at G1 and G2/M and apoptosis, whereas CK2-deficient MCF7 cells were resistant. These findings reveal a novel key mechanism of action for 14, suggesting primarily CK2 inhibition to be causally related to growth inhibition of human tumor cells.
Optimization of the in vitro cardiac safety of hydroxamate-based histone deacetylase inhibitors
Shultz, Michael D.,Cao, Xueying,Chen, Christine H.,Cho, Young Shin,Davis, Nicole R.,Eckman, Joe,Fan, Jianmei,Fekete, Alex,Firestone, Brant,Flynn, Julie,Green, Jack,Growney, Joseph D.,Holmqvist, Mats,Hsu, Meier,Jansson, Daniel,Jiang, Lei,Kwon, Paul,Liu, Gang,Lombardo, Franco,Lu, Qiang,Majumdar, Dyuti,Meta, Christopher,Perez, Lawrence,Pu, Minying,Ramsey, Tim,Remiszewski, Stacy,Skolnik, Suzanne,Traebert, Martin,Urban, Laszlo,Uttamsingh, Vinita,Wang, Ping,Whitebread, Steven,Whitehead, Lewis,Yan-Neale, Yan,Yao, Yung-Mae,Zhou, Liping,Atadja, Peter
experimental part, p. 4752 - 4772 (2011/09/20)
Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors have shown promise in treating various forms of cancer. However, many HDAC inhibitors from diverse structural classes have been associated with QT prolongation in humans. Inhibition of the human ether a-go-go related gene (hERG) channel has been associated with QT prolongation and fatal arrhythmias. To determine if the observed cardiac effects of HDAC inhibitors in humans is due to hERG blockade, a highly potent HDAC inhibitor devoid of hERG activity was required. Starting with dacinostat (LAQ824), a highly potent HDAC inhibitor, we explored the SAR to determine the pharmacophores required for HDAC and hERG inhibition. We disclose here the results of these efforts where a high degree of pharmacophore homology between these two targets was discovered. This similarity prevented traditional strategies for mitigating hERG binding/modulation from being successful and novel approaches for reducing hERG inhibition were required. Using a hERG homology model, two compounds, 11r and 25i, were discovered to be highly efficacious with weak affinity for the hERG and other ion channels.
7-azaindirubins, 7'-azaindirubins, 7-7'-diazaindirubin and the corresponding 3'-oxime ether derivates: production thereof, their production and use as a medicament
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Page/Page column 10, (2010/07/06)
The present invention relates to 7-azaindirubins (1), 7'-azaindirubins (2), and 7,7'-diaza-indirubins (3), wherein E, R1 and R2 have the meanings detailed in the description, their production and use as a medicament for treating cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, bipolar disorders, inflammatory and infectious diseases, including viral diseases. Depending on structure, these indirubins act as inhibitors of various kinases involved in tumor cell growth, and, most notably, as inhibitors of human tumor cell proliferation. As compared to indirubins bearing identical substituents but no hetero atoms in position 7 and 7', the activity of the compounds according to the present invention is increased and the propensity to get metabolized by CYP450s is reduced, resulting in improved metabolic stability.
Discovery of [3-(4,5,7-trifluoro-benzothiazol-2-ylmethyl)-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-1-yl] acetic acids as highly potent and selective inhibitors of aldose reductase for treatment of chronic diabetic complications
Van Zandt, Michael C.,Doan, Brian,Sawicki, Diane R.,Sredy, Janet,Podjarny, Alberto D.
supporting information; experimental part, p. 2006 - 2008 (2009/11/30)
Efforts to identify treatments for chronic diabetic complications have resulted in the discovery of a novel series of highly potent and selective [3-(4,5,7-trifluoro-benzothiazol-2-ylmethyl)-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-1-yl] acetic acid aldose reductase inhibitors. The lead candidate, [6-methyl-3-(4,5,7-trifluoro-benzothiazol-2-ylmethyl)-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyri din-1-yl]acetic acid example 16, inhibits aldose reductase with an IC50 of 8 nM, while being inactive against aldehyde reductase (IC50 > 100 μM), a related enzyme involved in the detoxification of reactive aldehydes.
Chemical synthesis of azaindoles
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, (2008/06/13)
The present invention relates to a process for the preparation of azaindole derivatives of the formula STR1 wherein Q is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C1-6 alkoxy, hydroxy, aryl or arylC1-4 alkyl; one of X, Y and Z is --N= and the others are --CH=; R1 is hydrogen, C1-6 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl or C1-6 alkyl substituted by a group selected from aryl or --NR2 R3 where R2 and R3 each independently represent C1-4 alkyl, or R2 and R3, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, form a 4-7 membered saturated heterocyclic ring, optionally containing in the ring an oxygen or sulphur atom or a group NR4 where R4 is C1-4 alkyl, aryl or arylC1-4 alkyl; and R5 is a hydrogen atom or a group selected from C1-6 alkyl or aryl.
Substituted 1,3-Dihydro-2H-pyrrolopyridin-2-ones as Potential Antiinflammatory Agents
Ting, Pauline C.,Kaminski, James J.,Sherlock, Margaret H.,Tom, Wing C.,Lee, Joe F.,et al.
, p. 2697 - 2706 (2007/10/02)
A series of analogues based on the 1,3-dihydro-2H-pyrrolopyridin-2-one ring system have been synthesized and shown to possess oral antiinflammatory activity in both the reverse passive Arthus reaction (RPAR) pleural cavity assay in rats and in the adjuvant-induced arthritic rat model (AAR).Several members of this series additionally exhibit an inhibitory effect on the in vivo production of prostaglandin- and leukotriene-derived products or arachidonic acid metabolism although these compounds exhibit no significant inhibitory activity against the cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase enzymes in vitro.Structure-activity relationships in this series are discussed.
Regiospecific Electrophilic Substitution of Aminopyridines: Ortho Lithiation of 2-, 3-, and 4-(Pivaloylamino)pyridines
Turner, James A.
, p. 3401 - 3408 (2007/10/02)
2- and 4-(pivaloylamino)pyridines have been shown to undergo metalation exclusively at C-3 and these smoothly react with a variety of electrophiles to produce 2,3- and 3,4-disubstituted pyridines, respectively.Removal of the pivaloyl protecting group results in overall electrophilic substitution of an aminopyridine.Utilization of this method is exemplified by efficient syntheses of 2- and 4-aminonicotinaldehydes.Minor modifications of the reaction conditions permitted exclusive ortho metalation of 2-(pivaloylamino)pyridines additionally functionalized by chloro, fluoro, or methyl groups.Although the major product from reaction of 3-(pivaloylamino)pyridine by this method was metalation at C-4, the reaction was complicated by substantial quantities of product derived from nucleophilic attack by n-butyllithium on the pyridine nucleus.
