90-19-7Relevant articles and documents
Teslov,Blinova
, (1972)
Rhamnetin Glycosides from the Genus Spiraea
Olennikov,Chirikova
, p. 41 - 45 (2018/02/22)
Rhamnetin (7-O-methylquercetin,1) and its glycosides were found for the first time in the genus Spiraea (Rosaceae) during chromatographic studies of representatives from the subgenus Protospiraea. Leaves of S. salicifolia yielded1, rhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), and two new flavonoids3and4that were identified by UV, IR, and NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry as rhamnetin-3-O-(6″-O-p-coumaroyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (spiraearhamnin A,3) and rhamnetin-3-O-(6″-O-caffeoyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside (spiraearhamnin B,4). Leaves of S. betulifolia and S. betulifolia var. aemiliana afforded1and2and glycosides of kaempferol, quercetin, and isorhamnetin. Species of the subgenus Metaspiraea (S. alpina, S. chamaedryfolia, S. dahurica, S. hypericifolia, and S. media) did not contain1or its derivatives.
Synthesized quercetin derivatives stimulate melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells by influencing the expression of melanin biosynthesis proteins MITF and p38 MAPK
Yamauchi, Kosei,Mitsunaga, Tohru,Inagaki, Mizuho,Suzuki, Tohru
, p. 3331 - 3340 (2014/06/23)
In order to understand the effect of structure-activity relationships on melanogenesis using B16 melanoma cells, 19 quercetin derivatives were synthesized. Among the synthesized compounds, 3-O-methylquercetin (11) and 3′,4′,7-O-trimethylquercetin (14) increased melanin content more potently than the positive control theophylline, while exhibiting low cytotoxicity. Compound 11 exhibited less melanogenesis-stimulating activity than compound 14. However, 11 increased the expression of tyrosinase and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP-1) to a greater extent than 14, thereby suggesting that melanogenesis in melanoma cells does not depend solely on the expression of the enzymes catalyzing melanin biosynthesis. Furthermore, 14 also stimulated the expression of the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) and p-p38 mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), while they were not increased by 11. These results suggest that 11 may enhance the expression of tyrosinase and TRP-1 by regulating the proteasomal degradation of melanogenic enzymes and/or by activating other transcriptional factors regulating enzyme expression.