98379-78-3

Upstream product

• 108-64-5 Ethyl isovalerate 
• 100-46-9 benzylamine 
• 108-12-3 isopentanoyl chloride 
• 503-74-2 3-methylbutyric acid 
• 15806-38-9 phenyl 3-methylbutanoate 
• 625-28-5 Isovaleronitrile 
• 768-03-6 Phenyl vinyl ketone 
• 100-52-7 benzaldehyde 
• 541-46-8 isobutylamide 
• 1666-17-7 benzaldehyde p-toluenesulfonylhydrazone 
• 42116-44-9 N-tert-butoxycarbonylbenzylamine 
• 104669-74-1 benzyl carbamic acid allyl ester 
• 3173-56-6 benzyl isothiocyanate 
• 39896-97-4 benzyl-carbamic acid benzyl ester 

Downstream Products

• 63502-00-1 N-benzyl-3-methylbutan-1-imine 
• 38449-07-9 N-(3-methyl-butyryl)-benzamide 

Relevant academic research and scientific papers

Practical one-pot amidation of N -Alloc-, N -Boc-, and N -Cbz protected amines under mild conditions

A facile one-pot synthesis of amides from N-Alloc-, N-Boc-, and N-Cbz-protected amines has been described. The reactions involve the use of isocyanate intermediates, which are generated in situ in the presence of 2-chloropyridine and trifluoromethanesulfonyl anhydride, to react with Grignard reagents to produce the corresponding amides. Using this reaction protocol, a variety of N-Alloc-, N-Boc-, and N-Cbz-protected aliphatic amines and aryl amines were efficiently converted to amides with high yields. This method is highly effective for the synthesis of amides and offers a promising approach for facile amidation.

N-Hydroxybenzimidazole as a structurally modifiable platform forN-oxyl radicals for direct C-H functionalization reactions

Methods for direct functionalization of C-H bonds mediated byN-oxyl radicals constitute a powerful tool in modern organic synthesis. While severalN-oxyl radicals have been developed to date, the lack of structural diversity for these species has hampered further progress in this field. Here we designed a novel class ofN-oxyl radicals based onN-hydroxybenzimidazole, and applied them to the direct C-H functionalization reactions. The flexibly modifiable features of these structures enabled facile tuning of their catalytic performance. Moreover, with these organoradicals, we have developed a metal-free approach for the synthesis of acyl fluoridesviadirect C-H fluorination of aldehydes under mild conditions.

Convenient metal-free direct oxidative amidation of aldehyde using dibromoisocyanuric acid under mild conditions

A facile method for the direct synthesis of amides from aldehydes is described. Amide bonds were synthesized by an oxidative amidation in the presence of dibromoisocyanuric acid (DBI). Treatment of aromatic and aliphatic aldehydes with dibromoisocyanuric acid generated acyl bromide intermediates, which were employed to react with a variety of secondary and primary amines to give amides. Through this reaction method, various amides were synthesized directly from aldehydes under mild conditions in high yields and short times. This facile and efficient procedure provides potential strategy for the direct synthesis of amides from aldehydes.

Synthesis of acyl fluorides via photocatalytic fluorination of aldehydic C-H bonds

Acyl fluorides are versatile acylating agents owing to their unique stability. Their synthesis, however, can present challenges and is typically accomplished through deoxyfluorination of carboxylic acids. Here, we demonstrate that acyl fluorides can be prepared directly from aldehydes via a C(sp2)-H fluorination reaction involving the inexpensive photocatalyst sodium decatungstate and electrophilic fluorinating agent N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide. This convenient fluorination strategy enables direct conversion of aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes into acylating agents.

Direct amidation of carboxylic acids with amines under microwave irradiation using silica gel as a solid support

A highly improved and green methodology for the direct amidation of carboxylic acids with amines using silica gel as a solid support and catalyst is described. The scope of this method is exemplified by the use of several aliphatic, aromatic, unsaturated and fatty acids. The reaction is also applied to different primary and secondary amines. Typically, the amines should be aliphatic, but aromatic amines can be used as well, though with lower yields. Several experiments to illustrate the selectivity of this methodology were also carried out with several more functionalized acids and amines. This approach is a substantial improvement over other previously described methods in amide synthesis.

Copper(I)-Catalyzed Reductive Cross-Coupling of N-Tosylhydrazones with Amides: A Straightforward Method for the Construction of C(sp3)- N Amide Bonds from Aldehydes

A method for the one-pot synthesis of substituted amides from aldehydes and amides is presented. Namely, condensation of aldehydes with N-tosylhydrazide generated the N-tosylhydrazones which were then reductively cross-coupled in situ with primary or secondary amides in the presence of a copper catalyst to afford secondary or tertiary amides, respectively. The reaction proceeded efficiently for a wide range of aldehydes and amides under the optimized conditions, i.e., 10 mol% of tetrakis(acetonitrile)copper(I) tetrafluoroborate [Cu(CH3CN)4BF4], 1 mol% of tetra-n-butylammonium iodide [(n-Bu)4NI], and sodium hydroxide [NaOH] as base in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at 80 C. As a result, the method provides a straightforward route for the synthesis of substituted amides from readily available aldehydes via a transition metal-catalyzed C(sp3)- N amide bond forming reaction.

Thioesterifications Free of Activating Agent and Thiol: A Three-Component Reaction of Carboxylic Acids, Thioureas, and Michael Acceptors

An amine-catalyzed, one-pot synthesis of thioesters directly from carboxylic acids, thioureas, and Michael acceptors is described. This process was further improved by use of 1-[2-(methylamino)ethyl]-3-phenylthiourea (4) as the catalyst. Aromatic and aliphatic carboxylic acids with functional groups are compatible with this process, and both α,β-unsaturated esters and ketones can be the Michael acceptors for this reaction. The progress of this reaction was monitored by 1H NMR, and a reaction mechanism is proposed.

Direct synthesis of amides from carboxylic acids and amines using B(OCH2CF3)3

B(OCH2CF3)3, prepared from readily available B2O3 and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol, is as an effective reagent for the direct amidation of a variety of carboxylic acids with a broad range of amines. In most cases, the amide products can be purified by a simple filtration procedure using commercially available resins, with no need for aqueous workup or chromatography. The amidation of N-protected amino acids with both primary and secondary amines proceeds effectively, with very low levels of racemization. B(OCH2CF3)3 can also be used for the formylation of a range of amines in good to excellent yield, via transamidation of dimethylformamide.

Green and selective synthesis of N-substituted amides using water soluble porphyrazinato copper(II) catalyst

N,N',N",N"'-Tetramethyl tetra-2,3-pyridinoporphyrazinato copper(II) methyl sulfate ([Cu(2,3-tmtppa)](MeSO4)4) efficiently catalyzed the direct conversion of nitriles to N-substituted amides. The one pot selective synthesis of the N-substituted amides from nitriles and primary amines was performed in refluxing H2O. The catalyst was recovered and reused at least four times,maintaining its efficiency.

α-Aroyloxyaldehydes: Scope and limitations as alternatives to α-haloaldehydes for NHC-catalysed redox transformations

α-Aroyloxyaldehydes are readily prepared bench stable synthetic intermediates. Their ability to act as α-haloaldehyde surrogates for NHC-promoted redox esterifications and in [4+2] cycloadditions is described.