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1,1-Difluoroethylene

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Name

1,1-Difluoroethylene

EINECS 200-867-7
CAS No. 75-38-7 Density 0.95 g/cm3
PSA 0.00000 LogP 1.39660
Solubility slightly soluble in water and soluble in alcohol and ether Melting Point -144 °C(lit.)
Formula C2H2F2 Boiling Point -83 °C
Molecular Weight 64.0347 Flash Point <-60oC
Transport Information UN 1959 Appearance colorless gas
Safety 16-7/9 Risk Codes 12
Molecular Structure Molecular Structure of 75-38-7 (1,1-Difluoroethene) Hazard Symbols HighlyF+,FlammableF
Synonyms

Ethylene,1,1-difluoro- (8CI);1,1-Difluoroethene;1,1-Difluoroethylene;FC 1132a;Fluorovinylidene;Genetron 1132a;HFC 1132a;R 1132a;Vinylidene difluoride;Vinylidene fluoride;

Article Data 114

1,1-Difluoroethylene Synthetic route

56354-44-0

β,β,β-trifluoroethyl phenyl sulfone

75-38-7

Vinylidene fluoride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With chloro-trimethyl-silane; magnesium In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 0.25h;100%
49852-57-5

1,1,2-trifluoro-2-(trifluoromethyl)cyclobutane

A

75-38-7

Vinylidene fluoride

B

754-12-1

2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-propene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 800℃; for 7.83h; Inert atmosphere;A 97%
B 81%
359-10-4

1-Chloro-2,2-difluoroethene

A

116-14-3

polytetrafluoroethylene

B

75-38-7

Vinylidene fluoride

C

359-11-5

1,1,2-trifluoroethylene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With hydrogen sulfide Product distribution; Irradiation; added CH3OH or alone;A 6%
B 82%
C 12%
26272-85-5

3-iodooxetane

5122-94-1

4-biphenylboronic acid

A

75-38-7

Vinylidene fluoride

B

3-([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)oxetane

C

C16H18O2

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium phosphate; [(2,2''-bipyridine)Ni(CH2CF3)2] In 1,2-dimethoxyethane at 80℃; Suzuki Coupling;A n/a
B 57%
C n/a
74-87-3

methylene chloride

115-25-3

Octafluorocyclobutane

A

116-14-3

polytetrafluoroethylene

B

75-38-7

Vinylidene fluoride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 250 - 800℃; under 150.015 Torr;A 56.2%
B n/a
420-32-6

thiocarbonyl fluoride

75-38-7

Vinylidene fluoride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
In diethyl ether -30°C;56%
338-65-8

1-chloro-2,2-difluoroethane

A

75-38-7

Vinylidene fluoride

B

1691-13-0

1,2-difluoroethene

C

460-16-2

1-chloro-2-fluoroethylene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 650℃; Activation energy; Product distribution; Further Variations:; Temperatures;A 32%
B 53%
C 13%
at 650℃;A 32%
B 53%
C 13%
74-83-9

methyl bromide

75-45-6

Chlorodifluoromethane

A

116-14-3

polytetrafluoroethylene

B

74-87-3

methylene chloride

C

34557-54-5

methane

D

75-38-7

Vinylidene fluoride

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 499.84 - 849.84℃; under 757.576 Torr; Further byproducts.;A n/a
B n/a
C n/a
D 53%
13821-49-3

perfluoro(N,N-dimethyl trifluorovinylamine)

A

75-46-7

trifluoromethan

B

75-38-7

Vinylidene fluoride

C

76-16-4

Hexafluoroethane

D

460-49-1

trifluoromethyl isocyanate

E

559-93-3

perfluoro(2-aza-1-hexene)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With toluene pyrolysis 610°C, contact time 0.66 sec, further product;A n/a
B n/a
C n/a
D n/a
E 46%
With toluene pyrolysis 610°C, contact time 0.66 sec, further product;A n/a
B n/a
C n/a
D n/a
E 46%
34557-54-5

methane

115-25-3

Octafluorocyclobutane

A

116-14-3

polytetrafluoroethylene

B

116-15-4

perfluoropropylene

C

75-38-7

Vinylidene fluoride

D

754-12-1

2,3,3,3-tetrafluoro-propene

E

359-11-5

1,1,2-trifluoroethylene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 250 - 800℃; under 150.015 Torr; for 0.000175h; Temperature;A 45.8%
B 7.4%
C 10.4%
D 8.4%
E 9.5%

1,1-Difluoroethylene Consensus Reports

IARC Cancer Review: Group 3 IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 7 ,1987,p. 56.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) ; Animal Inadequate Evidence IMEMDT    IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Man . 39 ,1986,p. 227.(World Health Organization, Internation Agency for Research on Cancer,Lyon, France.: ) (Single copies can be ordered from WHO Publications Centre U.S.A., 49 Sheridan Avenue, Albany, NY 12210) . Reported in EPA TSCA Inventory.

1,1-Difluoroethylene Standards and Recommendations

ACGIH TLV: TWA 500 ppm; Not Classifiable as a Human Carcinogen
DFG MAK: Confirmed Animal Carcinogen with Unknown Relevance to Humans
DOT Classification:  2.1; Label: Flammable Gas
NIOSH REL: (Vinyl Halides) TWA reduce to lowest detectable level

1,1-Difluoroethylene Specification

The Vinylidene fluoride, with the CAS registry number 75-38-7 and EINECS registry number 200-867-7, has the systematic name of 1,1-difluoroethene. It is a colorless gas, and bleongs to the following product categories: CFC; Refrigerants; Organics. It is slightly soluble in water and soluble in alcohol and ether. And the molecular formula of this chemical is C2H2F2.

The physical properties of Vinylidene fluoride are as following: (1)ACD/LogP: 1.25; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 1.25; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 1.25; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 5.24; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 5.24; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 113.84; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 113.84; (9)#H bond acceptors: 0; (10)#H bond donors: 0; (11)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 0; (12)Polar Surface Area: Å2; (13)Index of Refraction: 1.264; (14)Molar Refractivity: 11.21 cm3; (15)Molar Volume: 67.3 cm3; (16)Polarizability: 4.44×10-24cm3; (17)Surface Tension: 8.7 dyne/cm; (18)Density: 0.95 g/cm3.

Preparation and uses of Vinylidene fluoride: Dry acetylene reacts with hydrofluoric acid in the presence of fluosulfonic acid, and gives 1,1-difluoroethane. Then mix with a certain amount of chlorine in the temperaure of 650-680 °C. Through a series of pyrogenation, you can get the vinylidene fluoride. In addition, it is usually used to produce polyvinylidene fluoride(PVDF), a kind of irradiation resistance material. It is also used as raw material of fluor resin and fluorubber.

You should be cautious while dealing with this chemical. It is a kind of extremely flammable chemical. Therefore, you had better take the following instructions: Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking; Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES: C=C(F)F
(2)InChI: InChI=1/C2H2F2/c1-2(3)4/h1H2
(3)InChIKey: BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYAV

The toxicity data is as follows:

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
guinea pig LCLo inhalation 800ppb/4H (0.8ppm)   National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0523847,
rat LCLo inhalation 128000ppm/4H (128000ppm) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Journal of Occupational Medicine. Vol. 4, Pg. 262, 1962.

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