Reference

Modified toxicity of paraquat on barley and wheat

Modified toxicity of paraquat on barley and wheat. Wheeler, A. W.; Lord, K. A. (Rothamsted Exp. Stn., Harpenden/Herts. AL5 2JQ, UK). Tests Agrochem. Cultiv., 4, 90-1 (English) 1983. CODEN: TACUDC. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 5 (Agrochemical Bioregulators) Section cross-reference(s): 4 Applied alone, paraquat (I) [4685-14-7] damaged only the treated leaf in wheat. Other leaves were affected only when I was used jointly with dimethylaminoethanol [108-01-0], choline chloride [67-48-1], dimethylamine [124-40-3], sarcosine [107-97-1]. These same compds. applied jointly with I to barley resulted in more extensive damage to untreated, as well as treated, leaves; other amines also increased damage. Ammonium salts of some inorg. acids increased damage only slightly but ammonium and Na salts of some fatty acids diminished damage to treated leaves caused by I. Although the tests do not exclude the possibility that additives may modify sensitivity of tissues to I it seems likely that greater damage resulted from increased uptake and, in the case of untreated leaves, increased movement of I.

Trimethylamine oxide concentrations in the blood and milk of cows

Trimethylamine oxide concentrations in the blood and milk of cows. Aii, Takamitsu; Yonaga, Michihiro; Tanaka, Hiroshi (Livest. Sect., Kyushu Natl. Agric. Exp. Stn., Kumamoto 861-11, Japan). Nippon Chikusan Gakkaiho, 55(3), 204-8 (English) 1984. CODEN: NICKA3. ISSN: 0369-4062. DOCUMENT TYPE: Journal CA Section: 18 (Animal Nutrition) Section cross-reference(s): 13, 17 Holstein cows from 3 different regions of Japan had mean trimethylamine (TMA) [75-50-3] N plus trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) [1184-78-7] N levels of 173-203 mg/dL in their blood and 69, 101, and 87 mg/dL in their milk. TMAO is an off-flavor (fishy) component in milk. Sheep given choline chloride [67-48-1] labeled with 15N had TMA in urine, rumen fluid, and blood which contained 15N at 58.2, 38.8, and 6.5% of its total N, resp., indicating quick metab. of TMA formed from choline chloride in the rumen and quick excretion of TMAO in the urine.