96-22-0 Usage
Chemical Properties
3-Pentanone (also known as diethyl ketone) is a member of the class of compounds known as ketones. It is a colorless liquid ketone with an odor like that of acetone. It is soluble in about 25 parts water, but miscible with organic solvents.3-pentanone is an acetone and ethereal tasting compound and can be found in a number of food items such as strawberry guava, ceylon cinnamon, beech nut, and pak choy, which makes 3-pentanone a potential biomarker for the consumption of these food products.
Uses
Different sources of media describe the Uses of 96-22-0 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Diethyl ketone is used as a solvent, inmedicine, and in organic synthesis.
2. 3-Pentanone is mainly used as a solvent in paint and a precursor to vitamin E. It is used as a reagent to synthesize ethyl 2-cyano-3,3-diethylacrylate by Knoevenagel condensation. It also shows anticonvulsant effect in several types of mouse seizure models. It serves as an intermediate in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals.
3. 3-Pentanone may be used to evaluate excess molar volumes of its binary mixtures with 1-chloroalkanes at 298.15K and atmospheric pressure.
Definition
ChEBI: A pentanone that is pentane carrying an oxo group at position 3. It has been isolated from Triatoma brasiliensis and Triatoma infestans.
General Description
A clear colorless liquid with an acetone-like odor. Flash point 55°F. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air.
Reactivity Profile
3-Pentanone is incompatible with the following: Strong oxidizers, alkalis, mineral acids, (hydrogen peroxide + nitric acid) .
Health Hazard
Different sources of media describe the Health Hazard of 96-22-0 differently. You can refer to the following data:
1. Liquid causes eye burn. Vapor irritates eyes, nose and throat; can cause headache, dizziness, nausea, weakness, and loss of consciousness.
2. Diethyl ketone is a mild narcotic compoundas well as an irritant. Its acute toxicity is lessthan that of methyl propyl ketone. Exposureto 80,000 ppm for 4 hours was fatal to rats.LD50 value, oral (rats): 2140 mg/kg.
Fire Hazard
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
Flammability and Explosibility
Highlyflammable
Safety Profile
Moderately toxic by
routes. A skin and eye irritant. Mutation data
reported. Dangerous fre hazard when
exposed to heat or flame; can react
vigorously with oxidzing materials. To fight
fire, use alcohol foam, foam, CO2, dry chemical. Reacts with hydrogen peroxide +
nitric acid to form a shockand heat sensitive explosive peroxide. When heated
to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes. See also KETONES.
Synthesis
Ketonic decarboxylation route3-Pentanone is produced by ketonic decarboxylation of propanoic acid using metal oxide catalysts:2 CH3CH2CO2H → (CH3CH2)2CO + CO2 + H2Oin the laboratory, the reaction can be conducted in a tube furnace.Other way to make 3-pentanone: Acetone + very strong base and then + methylating agent -> butanone. Butanone + very strong base, then + methylating agent -> mixture of 3-methylbutanone and 3-pentanone.Synthesis of 3-pentanone from 1-propanol over CeO2–Fe2O3 catalystsVogel's Textbook of Practical Organic Chemistry
Purification Methods
Dry it with anhydrous CaSO4 or CuSO4, and distil from P2O5 under N2 or under reduced pressure. Further purification is by conversion to the semicarbazone (recrystallise to constant m 139o, from EtOH) which, after drying in vacuo over CaCl2 and paraffin wax, is refluxed for 30minutes with excess oxalic acid, then steam distilled and salted out with K2CO3. Dry with Na2SO4 and distil [Cowan et al. J Chem Soc 171 1940]. [Beilstein 1 IV 3279.]
Waste Disposal
Incineration; molten salt treatment.
Check Digit Verification of cas no
The CAS Registry Mumber 96-22-0 includes 5 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 2 digits, 9 and 6 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 2 and 2 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 96-22:
(4*9)+(3*6)+(2*2)+(1*2)=60
60 % 10 = 0
So 96-22-0 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C5H10O/c1-3-5(6)4-2/h3-4H2,1-2H3
96-22-0Relevant articles and documents
High catalytic activity of silicalite in gas-phase ketonisation of propionic acid
Bayahia, Hossein,Kozhevnikova, Elena,Kozhevnikov, Ivan
, p. 3842 - 3844 (2013)
Amorphous silica and crystalline silicalite (MFI structure) are demonstrated to be active and environmentally benign catalysts for propionic acid ketonisation at 450-500 °C to form 3-pentanone. The silicalite is particularly efficient, and its ketonisation selectivity is increased by base modification probably through generation of silanol nests.
Synthesis, crystal structure and catalytic activity of ruthenium(II) carbonyl complexes containing ONO and ONS donor ligands
Ulaganatha Raja,Gowri,Ramesh
, p. 1175 - 1181 (2010)
Diamagnetic ruthenium(II) complexes of the type [Ru(L)(CO)(B)(EPh3)] [where E = As, B = AsPh3; E = P, B = PPh3, py (or) pip and L = dibasic tridentate ligands dehydroacetic acid semicarbazone (abbreviated as dhasc) or dehydroacetic acid phenyl thiosemicarbazone (abbreviated as dhaptsc)] were synthesized from the reaction of [RuHCl(CO)(B)(EPh3)2] (where E = As, B = AsPh3; E = P, B = PPh3, py (or) pip) with different tridentate chelating ligands derived from dehydroacetic acid with semicarbazide or phenylthiosemicarbazide. All the complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-Vis and 1H NMR spectral methods. The coordination mode of the ligands and the geometry of the complexes were confirmed by single crystal X-ray crystallography of one of the complexes [Ru(dhaptsc)(CO)(PPh3)2] (5). All the complexes are redox active and are monitored by cyclic voltammetric technique. Further, the catalytic efficiency of one of the ruthenium complexes (5) was determined in the case of oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols into their corresponding aldehydes and ketones in the presence of N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide.
CeO2 Facet-Dependent Surface Reactive Intermediates and Activity during Ketonization of Propionic Acid
Guo, Yonghua,Qin, Yuyao,Liu, Huixian,Wang, Hua,Han, Jinyu,Zhu, Xinli,Ge, Qingfeng
, p. 2998 - 3012 (2022/03/03)
CeO2 rods, octahedrons, and cubes exposing well-defined (110), (111), and (100) surfaces, respectively, were synthesized and investigated for the catalytic ketonization of propionic acid. The intrinsic ketonization rates at 350 °C on the rods, octahedrons, and cubes are 54.3, 40.4, and 25.1 mmol·m-2·h-1, respectively, indicating that the (110) facet is the most active surface for ketonization. The reaction was tracked by both in situ infrared and mass spectroscopies under transient conditions, and the results showed that monodentate propionate, a minority surface species, is responsible for the formation of 3-pentanone. In contrast, bidentate propionate, a dominant species on all three surfaces, appears to a spectator for ketonization. Moreover, the ketonization activity can be correlated with relative concentration of monodentate propionate. A density functional theory study showed that the relative concentration of monodentate propionate (or the adsorption energy difference between monodentate and bidentate configurations) at high coverages is strongly dependent on the surface geometry. The stability of monodentate propionate on the (110) surface exposing both the O and Ce sites in the outermost layer with the well-separated Ce sites exhibits little dependence on the propionate coverage. In contrast, strong steric hindrance due to the top layer O atom and the closely packed Ce atoms in (111) destabilizes monodentate propionate significantly at high coverages. This study demonstrates that the surface geometrical structure of CeO2 can determine the abundance of the active monodentate propionate, which, in turn, will determine the catalytic activity of CeO2 for ketonization.
Palladium mediated one-pot synthesis of 3-aryl-cyclohexenones and 1,5-diketones from allyl alcohols and aryl ketones
Samser, Shaikh,Biswal, Priyabrata,Meher, Sushanta Kumar,Venkatasubbaiah, Krishnan
, p. 1386 - 1394 (2021/02/27)
One-pot synthesis of Robinson annulated 3-aryl-cyclohexenones from allyl alcohols and ketones using palladium is reported. Long chain aliphatic or aryl substitutions at the C1 position of allyl alcohol result in the formation of 1,5-diketone products. This simple one-pot method avoids the use of highly electrophilic vinyl ketones.