1. Introduction of Acyclovir
Acyclovir is one kind of white to light yellow crystal powder. IUPAC Name of IUPAC Name is 2-Amino-9-(2-hydroxyethoxymethyl)-3H-purin-6-one. Product Category of Acyclovir is Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients;Purine;Nucleotides and Nucleosides;Antivirals for Research and Experimental Use;Biochemistry;Chemical Reagents for Pharmacology Research;Nucleosides, Nucleotides & Related Reagents. It can be soluble in water which is 0.7 mg/mL.

2. Properties of Acyclovir
Physical properties about Acyclovir are:
(1)Melting point: 256-257 °C; (2)Storage tempreture: -20 °C; (3)Water solubility: 0.7 mg/mL; (4)Index of Refraction: 1.762 ; (5)Density: 1.77 g/cm3 ; (6)Flash Point: 313.6 °C ; (7)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 93.25 kJ/mol ; (8)Boiling Point: 595 °C at 760 mmHg ; (9)Vapour Pressure: 5.29E-15 mmHg at 25 °C.

3. Structure Descriptors of Acyclovir
(1)InChI: InChI=1S/C8H11N5O3/c9-8-11-6-5(7(15)12-8)10-3-13(6)4-16-2-1-14/h3,14H,1-2,4H2,(H3,9,11,12,15);
(2)InChIKey: InChIKey=MKUXAQIIEYXACX-UHFFFAOYSA-N;
(3)Smiles: c1nc2c(=O)[nH]c(nc2n1COCCO)N.

4. Toxicity of Acyclovir
Aciclovir may cause nephrotoxicity (crystallization of aciclovir within renal tubules, elevation of serum creatinine, transient), and neurotoxicity (coma, hallucinations, lethargy, seizures, tremors). Nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity usually resolve after cessation of aciclovir therapy. However, there is no well-defined relationship between aciclovir concentrations in the blood and these adverse effects.

6. Safety information of Acyclovir

Hazard Codes: Xi
Risk Statements: 36/37/38 
R36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin.
Safety Statements: 22-24/25-36-26 
S22: Do not breathe dust. 
S24/25: Avoid contact with skin and eyes. 
S26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. 
S36: Wear suitable protective clothing.

7. Uses of Acyclovir
Acyclovir is a commonly-used antiviral drug and is used for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections. It is commonly marketed as tablets (200 mg, 400 mg, 800 mg and 1 gram), topical cream (5%), intravenous injection (25 mg/mL) and ophthalmic ointment (3%). It can be used especially against herpes. 

Aciclovir (INN) or acyclovir is a synthetic deoxyguanosine analog and it is the prototype antiviral agent that is activated by viral thymidine kinase. The selective activity of aciclovir is due to its affinity for the thymidine kinase enzyme encoded by HSV and VZV.

8. Production of Acyclovir
(1)After Guanine trimethylsilyl and then react with 2-benzyloxyethoxy methyl chloride. Then remove the benzyl group to give acyclovir. The yield is 24%. The detailed steps are as follows:



(2)N, N'-diacetyl guanine and 2-oxa-butanediol diacetate in dimethyl sulfoxide can be used to manufacture the Acyclovir.