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Butyl acrylate

  • Name Butyl acrylate
  • EINECS205-480-7
  • CAS No. 141-32-2
  • Density0.898 g/cm3
  • PSA26.30000
  • LogP1.51570
  • Solubility1.4 g/L (20 °C) in water
  • Melting Point-69 °C
  • FormulaC7H12O2
  • Boiling Point145.9 °C at 760 mmHg
  • Molecular Weight128.171
  • Flash Point39.4 °C
  • Transport InformationUN 1993 3/PG 2
  • Appearanceclear colorless Liquid
  • Safety16-25-37-61-9
  • Risk Codes11-20/21/22-37/38-43-52/53-36/37/38-10
  • Molecular Structure
    Molecular Structure of 141-32-2 (n-Butyl acrylate)
  • Hazard SymbolsFlammableF,HarmfulXn,IrritantXi
  • SynonymsFlammableF,HarmfulXn,IrritantXi
  • Article Data132

Butyl acrylate Synthetic route

79-10-7

acrylic acid

71-36-3

butan-1-ol

141-32-2

acrylic acid n-butyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
sulfuric acid at 89℃; under 127 Torr; Continuous process;99.8%
In neat (no solvent) at 80℃; for 3h;90%
With sulfuric acid
109-65-9

1-bromo-butane

79-10-7

acrylic acid

141-32-2

acrylic acid n-butyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: acrylic acid With hydroquinone; sodium hydroxide In water at 0 - 20℃; for 0.5h; Large scale;
Stage #2: 1-bromo-butane With Aliquat 336; potassium iodide at 70 - 80℃; for 3h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Large scale;
89.6%
1291-32-3

zirconocene dichloride

928-49-4

hex-3-yne

6420-76-4

butyl 2-bromoacrylate

A

141-32-2

acrylic acid n-butyl ester

B

1219618-66-2

butyl 2,3,4,5-tetraethylbenzoate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: zirconocene dichloride With n-butyllithium In tetrahydrofuran at -78℃; Inert atmosphere;
Stage #2: hex-3-yne In tetrahydrofuran at 20℃; Inert atmosphere;
Stage #3: butyl 2-bromoacrylate Further stages;
A n/a
B 67%
201230-82-2

carbon monoxide

74-86-2

acetylene

71-36-3

butan-1-ol

141-32-2

acrylic acid n-butyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With bis(acetylacetonate)nickel(II); sodium acetylacetonate In tetrahydrofuran at 230℃; under 1500.15 - 35253.5 Torr; for 0.75h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Pressure; Solvent; Autoclave;65.4%
With copper(ll) bromide; nickel dibromide In acetylacetone at 200℃; under 60006 Torr;
With 2-Picolinic acid In tetrahydrofuran at 200℃; under 1500.15 - 37503.8 Torr; for 1h; Autoclave; Inert atmosphere;
With nickel(II) sulfamate; 7-propyl-8-hydroxyquinoline; diethylaluminium chloride; triphenylphosphine In n-heptane at 80℃; under 29252.9 - 30753.1 Torr; for 0.666667h; Reagent/catalyst; Solvent; Temperature; Pressure; Autoclave; Inert atmosphere;
79-10-7

acrylic acid

71-36-3

butan-1-ol

A

Reaxys ID: 11464952

Reaxys ID: 11464952

B

141-32-2

acrylic acid n-butyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Continuous process;A n/a
B 60%
814-68-6

acryloyl chloride

71-36-3

butan-1-ol

141-32-2

acrylic acid n-butyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With triethylamine In diethyl ether for 16h; Heating;53%
With triethylamine In chloroform at 10℃; for 12h;
polyacrylic acid resin

polyacrylic acid resin

71-36-3

butan-1-ol

A

141-32-2

acrylic acid n-butyl ester

B

24615-84-7

2-carboxyethyl acrylate

C

79-10-7

acrylic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
at 280℃; under 48754.9 Torr; for 0.0933333h; Product distribution / selectivity;A 31%
B 30%
C 52%
3739-64-8

allyl n-butyl ether

141-32-2

acrylic acid n-butyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With <(2,2'-bipyridine)(2,2':6',2''-terpyridine)RuO>2+; phosphate buffer pH 8.1 for 24h; Ambient temperature; electrocatalytic oxidation with Ru(IV)-complex;42%
463-51-4

Ketene

50-00-0

formaldehyd

141-32-2

acrylic acid n-butyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With boron fluoride ether at 250℃; Behandeln des Reaktionsprodukts mit Butan-1-ol und Erhitzen des mit Schwefelsaeure versetzten Reaktionsgemisches;
50-00-0

formaldehyd

123-86-4

acetic acid butyl ester

141-32-2

acrylic acid n-butyl ester

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With lead acetate; silica gel at 400℃;

Butyl acrylate Specification

Butyl acrylate, also known as 2-Propenoic acid, butyl ester, clear colorless, flammable liquid with a sharp characteristic odor. It is soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone and other organic solvents, but almost insoluble in water. What's more, n-butyl acrylate is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, strong bases. It can be polymerized into polymer and copolymer used in industry. 

Butyl acrylate reacts exothermically with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Reacts with strong oxidizing agents, perhaps sufficiently exothermically to ignite the reaction products. Mixing with basic solutions generates heat. Generates flammable hydrogen with alkali metals and hydrides. Attacks many plastics [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 233]. Polymerizes readily, generating much heat in a reaction that is favored by heat and light [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 235].

Other properties of Butyl acrylate are: (1)ACD/LogP: 2.39; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): 2.39; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): 2.39; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 38.41; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 38.41; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 473.96; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 473.96; (9)#H bond acceptors: 2; (10)#H bond donors: 0; (11)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 5; (12)Polar Surface Area: 26.3 Å2; (13)Index of Refraction: 1.418; (14)Molar Refractivity: 35.97 cm3; (15)Molar Volume: 142.6 cm3; (16)Polarizability: 14.26×10-24 cm3; (17)Surface Tension: 26.7 dyne/cm; (18)Density: 0.898 g/cm3; (19)Flash Point: 39.4 °C; (20)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 38.29 kJ/mol; (21)Boiling Point: 145.9 °C at 760 mmHg; (22)Vapour Pressure: 4.75 mmHg at 25°C.

Preparation of Butyl acrylate: The production methods of acrylate are from acrylonitrile hydrolysis, β-propiolactone, Reppe method and improved Reppe method, cyanoethanol and the direct oxidation of propylene.
1. From cyanoethanol: The reaction of chloroethanol and sodium cyanide generates cyanoethanol which can hydrolyze to produce acrylic in the presence of sulfuric acid.
2. From acrylonitrile hydrolysis: As a rich source of acrylonitrile, this method to produce acrylate has been developed. Now, the industrialized methods contains Societe Ugine and Standard Oil Co (O-hio). Heat acrylonitrile and sulfuric acid to 90 °C to make acrylonitrile be hydrolyzed into acrylamide sulfate. The further esterification of this sulfate produces acrylate. Recently, it has been reported that when use acrylonitrile as raw material from one-step production, the yield of ether is 95%.
3. From β-propiolactone: Use acetic acid or acetone as raw materials, phosphate ester as catalyst to generate ethenone by pyrolysis at 625-730 °C. And then react with anhydrous methyl ester in the presence of AICI3 or BF3 catalyst to produce β-propiolactone by gas reaction at 25 °C. If the end product is acrylic, the propiolactone contacts with hot 100% phosphoric acid to obtain acrylic. If the end product is acrylate, the crude propiolactone may not go through purification, but directly reacts with the corresponding alcohol and sulfuric acid.

Uses of Butyl acrylate: Acrylic acid and its esters are widely used in industry. In use, it tends to aggregate acrylate into polymers or copolymers. Butyl acrylate (as well as methyl esterl, ethyl ester, 2-ethylhexoate) belongs to the soft monomer, which can copolymerize, crosslink and stem graft with a variety of hard monomers such as methyl methacrylate, styrene, acrylonitrile, vinyl acetate, and functional monomers such as HEMA, HpAA, glycidyl ester to produce a variety of 200-700 acrylic resin products. These products are widely used as coatings, adhesives, modified acrylic fibers, plastics modification, fiber and fabric processing, paper processing agents, leather processing, acrylic rubber, etc.

Safty of Butyl acrylate: Butyl acrylate is harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. It is also irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. If you want to contact this product, you must wear suitable gloves and avoid contact with eyes. Moreover, it is harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. You should avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets.

You can still convert the following datas into molecular structure:
(1)SMILES:O=C(OCCCC)\C=C;
(2)Std. InChI:InChI=1S/C7H12O2/c1-3-5-6-9-7(8)4-2/h4H,2-3,5-6H2,1H3;
(3)Std. InChIKey:CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N;

The toxicity data of Butyl acrylate as follows:

Organism Test Type Route Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) Effect Source
mammal (species unspecified) LC50 inhalation 7800mg/m3 (7800mg/m3)   Gigiena i Sanitariya. For English translation, see HYSAAV. Vol. 51(5), Pg. 61, 1986.
mouse LC50 inhalation 7800mg/m3/2H (7800mg/m3)   "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982Vol. -, Pg. 28, 1982.
mouse LD50 intraperitoneal 200mL/kg (200mL/kg) BEHAVIORAL: CONVULSIONS OR EFFECT ON SEIZURE THRESHOLD

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: RESPIRATORY STIMULATION
National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS05220809,
mouse LD50 oral 5880mg/kg (5880mg/kg) LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: OTHER CHANGES Gigiena Truda i Professional'nye Zabolevaniya. Labor Hygiene and Occupational Diseases. Vol. 25(11), Pg. 57, 1981.
rabbit LD50 skin 2mL/kg (2mL/kg)   Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology. Vol. 28, Pg. 313, 1974.
rabbit LDLo oral 2mL/kg (2mL/kg)   National Technical Information Service. Vol. OTS0520808,
rat LC50 inhalation 2730ppm/4H (2730ppm) SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER CHANGES: OLFACTION

SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: OTHER: EYE

LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA
Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Vol. 16, Pg. 811, 1985.
rat LD50 intraperitoneal 550mg/kg (550mg/kg)   Archives des Maladies Professionnelles de Medecine du Travail et de Securite Sociale. Vol. 36, Pg. 58, 1975.
rat LD50 oral 900mg/kg (900mg/kg)   "Toxicometric Parameters of Industrial Toxic Chemicals Under Single Exposure," Izmerov, N.F., et al., Moscow, Centre of International Projects, GKNT, 1982Vol. -, Pg. 28, 1982.
rat LDLo skin 1700mg/kg (1700mg/kg)   Polish Journal of Pharmacology and Pharmacy. Vol. 32, Pg. 223, 1980.

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