- A synthesis of adenine. The incorporation of isotopes of nitrogen and carbon
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Various synthests of adenine have been investigated and a satisfactory procedure for the introduction of isotopes of nitrogen and carbon has been developed. 'The preparation from isotopic carbon of cyanoacetamide and malononitrile is described.
- Cavalieri, Liebe F.,Tinker, John F.,Bendich, Aaron.
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- Synthesis method of 4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine
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The invention discloses a synthesis method of 4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine. The synthesis method includes the following steps that an intermediate product of 4,6-dichloro-5-nitropyrimidine is prepared by5-nitro-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine, phosphorus oxychloride and organic alkali; ethyl alcohol is added into a product prepared by the 4,6-dichloro-5-nitropyrimidine and ammonium hydroxide to obtain a product; and the 4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine is prepared by the product, hydrazine hydrate, and raney nickel. According to the synthesis method, targeted objects can be obtained just through three steps, total yield is high, synthesis routes are short, reaction is mild, time is short, operation is easy and safe, at the same time, the 4,6-dichloro-5-nitropyrimidine is taken as a starting material, due tothe fact that the starting material has a large amount of commercial supplies, and is cheap and easy to obtain, an auxiliary material can be recycled and reused, and the cost can be significantly reduced; and due to the fact that appropriate raw material and auxiliary material are selected, the pollution of toxic substances to environments in the production process is avoided, the yield and purityof prepared pyrimidine are high, and the pyrimidine has good industrial application prospects.
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Paragraph 0022; 0026-0027; 0031-0032; 0036-0037; 0041
(2019/11/14)
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- Total chemical synthesis method of adenine
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The invention relates to a total chemical synthesis method of adenine. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) dissolving primary amine in strong-acid solution, dripping sodium nitrite solution to prepare diazonium salt, adding malononitrile for dissolving, and dripping alkaline solution to regulate a pH value of reaction solution and generate coupling reaction, thereby obtaining an azo compound; 2) adding the azo compound into formamide, and introducing liquid ammonia, heating to carry out high-temperature condensation and cyclization reaction, thereby obtaining a pyrimidine-azo compound; 3) dissolving the pyrimidine-azo compound into water, adding a catalyst, and introducing hydrogen for hydrogenation, thereby obtaining 4,5,6-triamidopyrimidine; and 4) dissolving the 4, 5, 6-triamidopyrimidine into the formamide to carry out high-temperature cyclization with the formamide, thereby obtaining an adenine crude product, and after recrystallization, obtaining white crystalline powder, i.e., a high-purity refined adenine product. The total chemical synthesis method has the advantages that water is used as a solvent in the step 1), and solvents used in the steps 2), 3) and 4) can be repeatedly used, so that the 'three wastes' are fewer, and the environment-friendly effect is achieved; and the total yield is 64.75% (calculated according to the amount of malononitrile), and the cost is low, so that the industrialization is easy and the economic benefit is obvious.
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Paragraph 0021; 0023
(2017/08/29)
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- Adenine intermediate pyrimidine-azo compound and preparation method thereof
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The invention relates to an adenine intermediate pyrimidine-azo compound and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: 1) dissolving primary amine in mixed-acid solution, dripping sodium nitrite solution to prepare diazonium salt shown in a formula (3), adding malononitrile for dissolving, and dripping alkaline solution to regulate a pH value of reaction solution and generate coupling reaction, thereby obtaining an intermediate pyrimidine-azo compound (4); 2) adding the intermediate pyrimidine-azo compound (4) prepared in the step 1) into formamide, introducing liquid ammonia, and heating to carry out high-temperature condensation and cyclization reaction, thereby obtaining an adenine intermediate pyrimidine-azo compound (5), wherein a series of derivatives of the adenine intermediate pyrimidine-azo compound can be prepared by selecting different primary amines. The adenine intermediate pyrimidine-azo compound and the preparation method have the advantages that water is used as a solvent in the step 1), and the solvent used in the step 2) can be repeatedly used, so that the 'three wastes' are fewer, and the environment-friendly effect is achieved; and the cost is low, so that the industrialization is easy and the economic benefit is obvious.
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Paragraph 0029
(2017/07/14)
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- Method for synthesis of adenine (by machine translation)
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The invention discloses a synthetic method for adenine. Malononitrile and thiourea are employed as raw materials. The raw materials are subjected to a cyclization reaction under action of sodium alkoxide, and 4,6-diamino-2-sulfydryl pyrimidine. Then through three reaction routes, adenine is obtained. Though the method has many reaction steps, no refining or drying are needed for the product of each reaction step, the product can be used in the next reaction step, and the operation is simple. The raw materials are easily available, the prices are relatively low, the reaction conditions are mild, the operation is simple, the reaction steps are decreased, the reaction time is shortened, the overall reaction yield is high, and the synthetic method is suitable for industrial production.
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Paragraph 0034; 0105; 0110-0111
(2017/02/24)
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- Synthesis of carbon-11-labeled imidazopyridine- and purine-thioacetamide derivatives as new potential PET tracers for imaging of nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1 (NPP1)
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The target tracer carbon-11-labeled imidazopyridine- and purine-thioacetamide derivatives, N-(3-[11C]methoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-2-((5-methoxy-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-yl)thio)acetamide (3-[11C]4a) and N-(4-[11C]methoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-((5-methoxy-3H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-yl)thio)acetamide (4-[11C]4a); 2-((6-amino-9H-purin-8-yl)thio)-N-(3-[11C]methoxy-4-methoxyphenyl)acetamide (3-[11C]8a) and 2-((6-amino-9H-purin-8-yl)thio)-N-(4-[11C]methoxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetamide (4-[11C]8a), were prepared by O-[11C]methylation of their corresponding precursors with [11C]CH3OTf under basic condition (2 N NaOH) and isolated by a simplified solid-phase extraction (SPE) method in 50-60% radiochemical yields based on [11C]CO2 and decay corrected to end of bombardment (EOB). The overall synthesis time from EOB was 23 min, the radiochemical purity was >99%, and the specific activity at end of synthesis (EOS) was 185-555 GBq/μmol.
- Gao, Mingzhang,Wang, Min,Zheng, Qi-Huang
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p. 1371 - 1375
(2016/02/19)
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- Nucleosides part LXVI I[1]: Synthesis of 4-amino-7(8H) pteridinone-N8-nucleosides-structural analogs of adenosine
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Various 4-amino-7(8H)pteridones (6, 12, 14, 15, 20, 22) have been glycosylated with 1-chloro-2'-deoxy-D-ribofuranose derivatives (25, 26) applying the new DBU-salt method to form the N8-2'-deoxy-D-ribofuranosides (27-36) which can be regarded as 2'-deoxyadenosine analogs. Analogously reacted the 2-N,N-dimethyl-amino-methyleneimino-7(8H)pteridones (43-48) to give preferentially the corresponding N8-ss-D-anomers (49-55). Ribosylation with 1-bromo-2,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-a-D-ribofuranose (56) proceeded as well with 6, 12, 15, 45, and 46 to yield to N8-ss-D-ribofuranosides 57-61. Sugar deprotection led to the free N8-2'-deoxy-ss-D-ribofuranosides 37-42 and N8-ss-D-ribofurano-sides 62-65, respectively. Glycosylations via the silyl-method under Vorbruggen conditions led with 6, 12 and 15 to the same results, however, 4-amino-6-phenyl-7(8H)pteridone (14) reacted differently forming the N1-ss-D-ribofuranosides (71, 79) and the N1-2'-deoxy - and ss-D-ribofuranosides 73, 74, 77, 78. The assignments of the structures have been achieved by 1H-NMR- and UV-spectra. C,H,N-elemental analyses account for the composition.
- Jungmann, Oliver,Pfleiderer, Wolfgang
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experimental part
p. 550 - 585
(2010/07/14)
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- HSP90 Inhibitors Containing a Zinc Binding Moiety
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The present invention relates to HSP90 inhibitors and their use in the treatment of cell proliferative diseases such as cancer. The said derivatives may further act as HDAC inhibitors.
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Page/Page column 36
(2008/12/08)
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- 3-deoxyglucosone and skin
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The invention relates to a method of removing 3-deoxyglucosone and other alpha-dicarbonyl sugars from skin. The invention further relates to methods of inhibiting production and function of 3-deoxyglucosone and other alpha-dicarbonyl sugars in skin. The invention also relates to methods of treating 3-deoxyglucosone and other alpha-dicarbonyl sugars associated diseases and disorders of skin.
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- Cephalosporin antibiotics
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The present invention relates to a cephalosporin compound represented by the following general formula (I): STR1 its pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic salt, physiologically hydrolyzable ester, hydrate or solvate, or isomers thereof, in whichR 1 represents hydrogen or an amino-protecting group,R 2 and R 3 can be identical or different and independently of one another represent hydrogen or a hydroxy-protecting group, orR 2 and R 3 together can form a cyclic diol-protecting group,R 4 represents hydrogen or a carboxyl-protecting group,R 5, R 6 and R 7 independently of one another represent hydrogen, amino or substituted amino, hydroxy, alkoxy, C 1-4 alkyl, carboxyl or alkoxycarbonyl, orR 5 and R 6 together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached can form a C 3-7 cycle, andQ represents CH or N,and to a process for preparation thereof and a pharmaceutical composition containing the compound (I) as an active ingredient.
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- Amino-substituted pyrimidines, derivatives and methods of use therefor
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The present invention relates to compositions and methods for inhibiting nonenzymatic cross-linking (protein aging). Accordingly, a composition is disclosed which comprises an agent capable of inhibiting the formation of advanced glycosylation end products of target proteins by reacting with the carbonyl moiety of the early glycosylation product of such target proteins formed by their initial glycosylation. The method comprises contacting the target protein with the composition. Both industrial and therapeutic applications for the invention are envisioned, as food spoilage and animal protein aging can be treated.
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- Mechanisms for the Solvolytic Decompositions of Nucleoside Analogues. IX. Pathways for the Alkyline Hydrolysis of 6-Substituted 9-(1-Ethoxyethyl)purines
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A few 6-substituted 9-(1-ethoxyethyl)purines have been prepared and the rates of their base-catalyzed hydrolysis were measured by UV spectroscopy.The product mixtures were fractionated by preparative TLC and characterized by NMR and UV spectroscopy.The results obtained suggest that the alkaline cleavage of 9-(1-ethoxyethyl)purines generally proceeds by nucleophilic attack of hydroxide ion on C8 of the purine moiety, resulting in formation of appropriate 4,5-diaminopyrimidine and 8-methylpurine as final products.With 6-methoxy, 6-methylthio, and 6-chloro derivatives nucleophilic attack of hydroxide ion of C6 giving 9-(1-ethoxyethyl)hypoxanthine competes with this reaction.
- Loennberg, Harri,Lehikoinen, Pertti,Neuvonen, Kari
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p. 707 - 712
(2007/10/02)
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