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Dibenzothiophene (DBT) is an organosulfur compound found in crude oil and petroleum, belonging to the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) family. It is a colorless solid with chemical properties similar to anthracene and is known for its stability under normal temperature and pressure. Dibenzothiophene has a melting point of 99.5°C and a boiling point of 332.5°C, making it soluble in ethanol, benzene, chloroform, and methanol but insoluble in water.

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  • 132-65-0 Structure
  • Basic information

    1. Product Name: Dibenzothiophene
    2. Synonyms: Dibenzothiophe;Dibenzothiophene purified by sublimation, >=99%;[1,1'-Biphenyl]-2,2'-diyl sulfide;2,2’-biphenylylenesulfide;2,2'-Biphenylylene sulfide;9-Thiafluorene;alpha-Thiafluorene;dibenzo(b,d)thiophene
    3. CAS NO:132-65-0
    4. Molecular Formula: C12H8S
    5. Molecular Weight: 184.26
    6. EINECS: 205-072-9
    7. Product Categories: Heterocycle-oher series;Pharmaceutical Intermediates;Fluorene Derivatives;Organics;Thiophene&Benzothiophene;Benzothiophenes;Building Blocks;Chemical Synthesis;Heterocyclic Building Blocks
    8. Mol File: 132-65-0.mol
  • Chemical Properties

    1. Melting Point: 97-100 °C(lit.)
    2. Boiling Point: 332-333 °C(lit.)
    3. Flash Point: 170 °C
    4. Appearance: white/Crystalline Powder and/or Chunks
    5. Density: 1.1410 (rough estimate)
    6. Vapor Pressure: 0.000281mmHg at 25°C
    7. Refractive Index: 1.6500 (estimate)
    8. Storage Temp.: Store below +30°C.
    9. Solubility: 0.0015g/l (Lit.)
    10. Water Solubility: SOLUBLE
    11. BRN: 121101
    12. CAS DataBase Reference: Dibenzothiophene(CAS DataBase Reference)
    13. NIST Chemistry Reference: Dibenzothiophene(132-65-0)
    14. EPA Substance Registry System: Dibenzothiophene(132-65-0)
  • Safety Data

    1. Hazard Codes: Xn,N
    2. Statements: 22-20/21/22-50/53
    3. Safety Statements: 36-61-60
    4. RIDADR: 2811
    5. WGK Germany: 3
    6. RTECS: HQ3490550
    7. TSCA: Yes
    8. HazardClass: 9
    9. PackingGroup: III
    10. Hazardous Substances Data: 132-65-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

132-65-0 Usage

Uses

1. Chemical Intermediate:
Dibenzothiophene is used as a chemical intermediate in the cosmetics and pharmaceuticals industries due to its unique chemical properties.
2. Oxidative Desulfurization:
DBT serves as a starting material for the synthesis of corresponding sulfoxide and sulfone through oxidative desulfurization, utilizing various catalysts.
3. Surface Molecular Imprinted Polymer (SMIP) Synthesis:
Dibenzothiophene acts as a template for the synthesis of SMIP, which is applicable for the removal of DBT during the desulfurization of gasoline.
4. π-Conjugating Polymers Synthesis:
DBT is a precursor for the synthesis of DBT-based π-conjugating polymers, which have potential applications in various fields.
5. Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) Process:
Dibenzothiophene is used to investigate the effect of sulfur compounds in the gasoline range during the FCC process, which is crucial for understanding and improving the efficiency of this process.
6. Biodesulfurization:
DBT has been employed as a heavy model sulfur compound to study the biodesulfurization process, specifically the selective cleavage of carbon-sulfur bonds by thermophilic bacteria like Bacillus subtilis WU-S2B.
7. Hydrodesulfurization Studies:
The kinetics of hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene on presulfided molybdenaalumina catalysts have been studied, providing insights into the removal of sulfur from petroleum products.

History

Dibenzothiophene was first synthesized in 1870 by Stemhouse by heating biphenyl with iron scrap, but the assigned incorrect structure was corrected by Graebe. The natural dibenzothiophene was isolated from coal tar by Kruber. Besides this, various alkylated dibenzothiophenes have also been isolated from the crude oil, but it was difficult to desulfurize them catalytically. The presence of sulfur in the fuel produces sulfur dioxide when burnt and causes air pollution. Dibenzothiophene is a thermally stable compound and resistant to mild oxidizing agents. Depending on the nature of the oxidizing agent it is oxidized to corresponding sulfoxide and sulfone. There are numerous protocols for the construction of dibenzothiophene but some of them are limited to the synthesis of specific compounds due to noncompatibility of functional groups.

Preparation

Dibenzothiophene is prepared by the reaction of biphenyl with sulfur dichloride in the presence of aluminium chloride. The parent dibenzothiophene has been synthesized by heating a mixture of biphenyl with sulfur at 120°C for 24 h in the presence of anhydrous AlCl3 in 79% yields. This methodology is useful for the synthesis of substituted dibenzothiophenes. An alternative new protocol has been developed for the synthesis of dibenzothiophene and bridged dibenzothiophene by heating diphenyl and phenanthrene separately with H2S in the presence of mixed metal oxides (Al2O3, Cr2O3, and MgO) at 650°C.

Reactions

Reduction with lithium results in scission of one C-S bond. S-oxidation occurs to give the sulfone, which is more labile than the parent dibenzothiophene. With butyllithium, this heterocycle undergoes stepwise lithiation at the 4- and 6- positions.Alkylation of dibenzothiophene through Friedel-Crafts catalysis is not very facile and ends up with a complex mixture. However, alkylation of dibenzothiophene has been achieved through lithiation strategy. Thus 4-lithiated dibenzothiophene on reaction with dimethyl sulfate gave 4-methyl dibenzothiophene.

Chemical Reactivity

Dibenzothiophene is heteroaromatic in nature and undergoes electrophilic substitution reactions smoothly. Mostly, electrophilic substitution occurs at position 2 of dibenzothiophene offering 2-substituted dibenzothiophene, provided position 2 is not preoccupied.

Purification Methods

Purify dibenzothiophene by chromatography on alumina with pet ether, in a darkened room. Recrystallise it from water or EtOH. [Beilstein 17 V 239.]

Check Digit Verification of cas no

The CAS Registry Mumber 132-65-0 includes 6 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 3 digits, 1,3 and 2 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 6 and 5 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 132-65:
(5*1)+(4*3)+(3*2)+(2*6)+(1*5)=40
40 % 10 = 0
So 132-65-0 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C12H8S/c1-3-7-11-9(5-1)10-6-2-4-8-12(10)13-11/h1-8H

132-65-0 Well-known Company Product Price

  • Brand
  • (Code)Product description
  • CAS number
  • Packaging
  • Price
  • Detail
  • TCI America

  • (D0148)  Dibenzothiophene  >98.0%(GC)

  • 132-65-0

  • 5g

  • 215.00CNY

  • Detail
  • TCI America

  • (D0148)  Dibenzothiophene  >98.0%(GC)

  • 132-65-0

  • 25g

  • 710.00CNY

  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (A12288)  Dibenzothiophene, 98%   

  • 132-65-0

  • 25g

  • 240.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (A12288)  Dibenzothiophene, 98%   

  • 132-65-0

  • 100g

  • 772.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Alfa Aesar

  • (A12288)  Dibenzothiophene, 98%   

  • 132-65-0

  • 500g

  • 3067.0CNY

  • Detail
  • Aldrich

  • (433306)  Dibenzothiophene  purified by sublimation, ≥99%

  • 132-65-0

  • 433306-1G

  • 389.61CNY

  • Detail
  • Aldrich

  • (433306)  Dibenzothiophene  purified by sublimation, ≥99%

  • 132-65-0

  • 433306-5G

  • 1,485.90CNY

  • Detail
  • Aldrich

  • (347833)  Dibenzothiophene  ≥99%

  • 132-65-0

  • 347833-1G

  • 389.61CNY

  • Detail
  • Aldrich

  • (347833)  Dibenzothiophene  ≥99%

  • 132-65-0

  • 347833-5G

  • 1,347.84CNY

  • Detail
  • Aldrich

  • (D32202)  Dibenzothiophene  98%

  • 132-65-0

  • D32202-25G

  • 279.63CNY

  • Detail
  • Aldrich

  • (D32202)  Dibenzothiophene  98%

  • 132-65-0

  • D32202-100G

  • 899.73CNY

  • Detail
  • Aldrich

  • (D32202)  Dibenzothiophene  98%

  • 132-65-0

  • D32202-250G

  • 3,893.76CNY

  • Detail

132-65-0SDS

SAFETY DATA SHEETS

According to Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) - Sixth revised edition

Version: 1.0

Creation Date: Aug 10, 2017

Revision Date: Aug 10, 2017

1.Identification

1.1 GHS Product identifier

Product name dibenzothiophene

1.2 Other means of identification

Product number -
Other names 9-Thiafluorene

1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use

Identified uses For industry use only.
Uses advised against no data available

1.4 Supplier's details

1.5 Emergency phone number

Emergency phone number -
Service hours Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours).

More Details:132-65-0 SDS

132-65-0Related news

Electrochemical preparation of an electroactive polymer poly(dodecyloxy Dibenzothiophene (cas 132-65-0)) (polyDDBTh) from hydroxyl Dibenzothiophene (cas 132-65-0) (HDBTh) as a bioconverted monomer09/29/2019

A combination of biotechnological and electrochemical techniques is employed to synthesize an electroactive π-conjugated polymer. The monomer precursor bearing a hydroxyl group is obtained by the bioconversion of dibenzothiophene. An alkyl chain substituent is introduced by Williamson etherific...detailed

Biodesulfurization of Dibenzothiophene (cas 132-65-0) by resting cells of Pseudomonas putida CECT5279: influence of the oxygen transfer rate in the scale‐up from shaken flask to stirred tank reactor10/01/2019

BACKGROUNDIn this work, the scale‐up of the biodesulfurization process at rest from shaken flask to stirred tank bioreactor cells has been studied taking into account the influence of the hydrodynamic conditions of the oxygen transfer rate.RESULTSDifferent hydrodynamic conditions to carry out t...detailed

132-65-0Relevant articles and documents

First preparation and crystal structure of heterocyclic λ6-sulfanenitrile, 2,2′-biphenylylene(phenyl)-λ6-sulfanenitrile

Fujii, Takayoshi,Itoh, Akiko,Hamata, Kouki,Yoshimura, Toshiaki

, p. 5041 - 5043 (2001)

The first heterocyclic λ6-sulfanenitrile, 2,2′-biphenylylene(phenyl)-λ6-sulfanenitrile is prepared and its molecular and electronic structures are determined by X-ray crystallographic analysis and quantum chemical calculations, respectively.

EFFECT OF RING SIZE ON PHOTOREACTIVITY OF MEDIUM AND LARGE RING ESTERS.

Kulkarni, V. S.,Kulkarni, N. N.,Lele, S. R.,Hosangadi, B. D.

, p. 6169 - 6174 (1988)

Photochemical studies on 7,8,12,14,16 and 20 membered cyclic esters have been carried out in benzene and methanol.Decarboxylation and solvolysis ascribable to β- and α-scission respectively are observed in case of seven and eight membered cyclic esters.Larger rings do not undergo these photoreactions thus demonsrating effect of ring size on photoreactivity.

Efficient synthesis of unsymmetrical dibenzothiophenes by acid-mediated intramolecular cyclization of biaryl methyl sulfoxides

Pandya, Vrajesh B.,Jain, Mukul R.,Chaugule, Balaji V.,Patel, Jigar S.,Parmar, Bhavesh M.,Joshi, Jignesh K.,Patel, Pankaj R.

, p. 497 - 505 (2012)

Aconvenient and high-yielding synthesis of unsymmetrical dibenzothiophenes has been achieved by an acid-mediated ring closure of the biphenyl ring having a sulfoxide substituent at the ortho position. Various functional groups are well tolerated in this methodology. Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

Reactivity of sulfur-containing molecules on noble metal surfaces. 4. Benzenethiol on Au(110)

Jaffey, Deborah M.,Madix, Robert J.

, p. 3020 - 3027 (1994)

The adsorption of benzenethiol on clean and sulfided Au(110) surfaces has been investigated with temperature programmed reaction spectroscopy. The monolayer is saturated at an benzenethiol coverage of 0.25 monolayers. About one-half of the thiol adsorbed at 100 K undergoes S-H bond cleavage below 300 K to form phenyl thiolate; H2 and H2S are evolved between 150 and 350 K. Phenyl thiolate decomposes above 400 K on clean Au(110) to yield mainly biphenyl, together with diphenyl sulfide, benzenethiol, and dibenzothiophene. With sulfidation of the Au(110) surface, the yield of biphenyl drops, while that of diphenyl sulfide rises. The range of products formed arises from competing C-S bond cleavage and C-H bond cleavage processes.

Refinement of the Catalyst Backbone of Chiral Intramolecular Silicon–Sulfur Lewis Pairs: Improved Enantioselectivity in the Diels–Alder Reaction of Cyclohexa-1,3-diene and Chalcone Derivatives

Shaykhutdinova, Polina,Kemper, Sebastian,Oestreich, Martin

, p. 2896 - 2901 (2018)

The preparation and NMR spectroscopic characterization of a family of axial chiral, sulfur-stabilized silicon cations is reported. These silicon Lewis acids have been applied as catalysts in difficult enantioselective Diels–Alder reactions of cyclohexa-1,3-diene and representative chalcone derivatives. To gain better understanding of the relevant structural elements in these catalysts, their silepine backbone and the aryl thioether group have been systematically modified. These efforts have led to an improved catalyst that induces 53 % ee for chalcone and even 65 % ee for a more hindered derivative. These cyclohexa-1,3-diene Diels–Alder reactions are endo selective. However, the corresponding cyclopentadiene Diels–Alder reactions predominantly yield the exo cycloadducts with no enantioinduction.

Palladium(ii)-catalyzed synthesis of dibenzothiophene derivatives via the cleavage of carbon-sulfur and carbon-hydrogen bonds

Tobisu, Mamoru,Masuya, Yoshihiro,Baba, Katsuaki,Chatani, Naoto

, p. 2587 - 2591 (2016)

A new process has been developed for the palladium(ii)-catalyzed synthesis of dibenzothiophene derivatives via the cleavage of C-H and C-S bonds. In contrast to the existing methods for the synthesis of this scaffold by C-H functionalization, this new catalytic C-H/C-S coupling method does not require the presence of an external stoichiometric oxidant or reactive functionalities such as C-X or S-H, allowing its application to the synthesis of elaborate π-systems. Notably, the product-forming step of this reaction lies in an oxidative addition step rather than a reductive elimination step, making this reaction mechanistically uncommon.

Copper-Catalyzed Double S-Arylation of Potassium Thioacetate with Dibenziodolium Triflates: Facile Synthesis of Unsymmetrical Dibenzothiophenes

Shimizu, Masaki,Ogawa, Mai,Tamagawa, Tomokazu,Shigitani, Ryosuke,Nakatani, Masaki,Nakano, Yoshiki

, p. 2785 - 2788 (2016)

Much interest has been paid to cyclic diaryliodonium salts as bis(electrophile)s in transition-metal-catalyzed annulation reactions to produce polycyclic (hetero)aromatic hydrocarbons. Herein, we report that dibenziodolium triflates smoothly react with potassium thioacetate in the presence of CuCl2in THF or DMSO at 100–110 °C to afford the corresponding dibenzothiophenes in good-to-high yields. The coupling reaction tolerates reactive functional groups such as chloro and cyano and serves as a facile and reliable method for the synthesis of unsymmetrical dibenzothiophenes.

Polar Diels-Alder reactions using electrophilic nitrobenzothiophenes. A combined experimental and DFT study

Della Rosa, Claudia D.,Mancini, Pedro M.E.,Kneeteman, Maria N.,Lopez Baena, Anna F.,Suligoy, Melisa A.,Domingo, Luis R.

, p. 47 - 53 (2014)

The reactions between 2- and 3-nitrobenzothiophenes with three dienes of different nucleophilicity, 1-methoxy-3-trimethylsilyloxy-1,3-butadiene, 1-trimethylsilyloxy-1,3-butadiene and isoprene developed in anhydrous benzene and alternative under microwave irradiation with molecular solvents or in free solvent conditions, respectively, for produce dibenzothiophenes permit to conclude that both nitroheterocycles act as electrophile with the cited dienes. In the cases of the dienes 1-methoxy-3-trimethylsilyloxy-1,3-butadiene and 1-trimethylsilyloxy-1,3-butadiene which posses major nucleophilicity the observed product is the normal cycloaddition one. However when the diene is isoprene the product with both electrophiles follow the hetero Diels-Alder way. These reactions are considered polar cycloaddition reactions and the yields are reasonables. Moreover the polar Diels-Alder reactions of nitrobenzothiophenes with electron rich dienes 1-trimethylsilyloxy-1,3-butadiene have been theoretically studied using DFT methods.

Effects of Solvents in Deep Desulfurization of Benzothiophene and Dibenzothiophene

Kabe, Toshiaki,Ishihara, Atsushi,Nomura, Masatoshi,Itoh, Tetsuro,Qi, Pingyen

, p. 2233 - 2236 (1991)

Solvent effects on hydrodesulfurization of benzothiophene (BT) and dibenzothiophene (DBT) catalyzed by co-Mo/Al2O3 were investigated under deep desulfurization conditions by using Langmuir-Hinshelwood (L-H) rate law.Solvents affected heats of adsorption of thiophenes rather than activation energy of HDS.Activation energies of HDS and heats of adsorption of thiophenes and solvents were estimated from the kinetic data.

Generation and detection of tellurane [10-Te-4(C4)] and selenurane [10-Se-4(C4)] having alkyl and aryl ligands

Sato, Soichi,Matsuo, Makoto,Nakahodo, Tsukasa,Furukawa, Naomichi,Nabeshima, Tatsuya

, p. 8091 - 8093 (2005)

Formation of 2,2′-biphenylylenedimethylselenurane and -tellurane was observed by the 1H, 13C, 77Se, and 125Te NMR studies at low temperature, in the reactions of dibenzoselenophene Se-oxide and 2,2′-biphenylylenedibromotellurane with methyllithium. These hypervalent compounds were unstable and decomposed at room temperature to give the corresponding dibenzochalcogenophenes quantitatively.

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