13669-51-7Relevant articles and documents
Discovery of potent and specific dihydroisoxazole inhibitors of human transglutaminase 2
Kl?ck, Cornelius,Herrera, Zachary,Albertelli, Megan,Khosla, Chaitan
, p. 9042 - 9064 (2014)
Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a ubiquitously expressed enzyme that catalyzes the posttranslational modification of glutamine residues on protein or peptide substrates. A growing body of literature has implicated aberrantly regulated activity of TG2 in the pathogenesis of various human inflammatory, fibrotic, and other diseases. Taken together with the fact that TG2 knockout mice are developmentally and reproductively normal, there is growing interest in the potential use of TG2 inhibitors in the treatment of these conditions. Targeted-covalent inhibitors based on the weakly electrophilic 3-bromo-4,5-dihydroisoxazole (DHI) scaffold have been widely used to study TG2 biology and are well tolerated in vivo, but these compounds have only modest potency, and their selectivity toward other transglutaminase homologues is largely unknown. In the present work, we first profiled the selectivity of existing inhibitors against the most pertinent TG isoforms (TG1, TG3, and FXIIIa). Significant cross-reactivity of these small molecules with TG1 was observed. Structure-activity and -selectivity analyses led to the identification of modifications that improved potency and isoform selectivity. Preliminary pharmacokinetic analysis of the most promising analogues was also undertaken. Our new data provides a clear basis for the rational selection of dihydroisoxazole inhibitors as tools for in vivo biological investigation.
Supported Iridium Catalyst for Clean Transfer Hydrogenation of Aldehydes and Ketones using Methanol as Hydrogen Source
Zhu, Longfei,Ye, Sen,Wang, Jing,Zhu, Jiazheng,He, Guangke,Liu, Xiang
, (2022/02/01)
The use of methanol as abundant and low-toxic hydrogen source under mild and clean conditions is promising for the development of safe and sustainable reduction processes, but remains a daunting challenge. This work presents a recyclable ZnO-supported Ir
Na2S·9H2O mediated facile synthesis of 1,3-dihydrofuro[3,4-b]quinoline derivatives via domino reduction approach
Singh, Rashmi,Gupta, Tanu,Sharma, Vishal Prasad,Singh, Radhey M.,Tewari, Ashish Kumar
supporting information, (2021/09/22)
A simple, highly efficient method for synthesis of 1,3-dihydrofuro[3,4-b]quinoline is described by the reaction of o-arylalkynyl quinoline aldehydes with Na2S·9H2O via domino reduction approach. The method is simple and proceeds under mild condition under an air atmosphere to give 1,3-dihydrofuro[3,4-b]quinoline in good to excellent yields. The beauty of the reaction is cyclization as well as reduction has been taken place in the same reaction pot. Also the conversion of aldehyde into primary alcohol has been discussed under the same reaction condition.
Biocatalytic reduction of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids to allylic alcohols
Aleku, Godwin A.,Leys, David,Roberts, George W.
, p. 3927 - 3939 (2020/07/09)
We have developed robust in vivo and in vitro biocatalytic systems that enable reduction of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids to allylic alcohols and their saturated analogues. These compounds are prevalent scaffolds in many industrial chemicals and pharmaceuticals. A substrate profiling study of a carboxylic acid reductase (CAR) investigating unexplored substrate space, such as benzo-fused (hetero)aromatic carboxylic acids and α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids, revealed broad substrate tolerance and provided information on the reactivity patterns of these substrates. E. coli cells expressing a heterologous CAR were employed as a multi-step hydrogenation catalyst to convert a variety of α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids to the corresponding saturated primary alcohols, affording up to >99percent conversion. This was supported by the broad substrate scope of E. coli endogenous alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), as well as the unexpected CC bond reducing activity of E. coli cells. In addition, a broad range of benzofused (hetero)aromatic carboxylic acids were converted to the corresponding primary alcohols by the recombinant E. coli cells. An alternative one-pot in vitro two-enzyme system, consisting of CAR and glucose dehydrogenase (GDH), demonstrates promiscuous carbonyl reductase activity of GDH towards a wide range of unsaturated aldehydes. Hence, coupling CAR with a GDH-driven NADP(H) recycling system provides access to a variety of (hetero)aromatic primary alcohols and allylic alcohols from the parent carboxylates, in up to >99percent conversion. To demonstrate the applicability of these systems in preparative synthesis, we performed 100 mg scale biotransformations for the preparation of indole-3-aldehyde and 3-(naphthalen-1-yl)propan-1-ol using the whole-cell system, and cinnamyl alcohol using the in vitro system, affording up to 85percent isolated yield.
In vivo evaluation of two tissue transglutaminase PET tracers in an orthotopic tumour xenograft model
van der Wildt, Berend,Wilhelmus, Micha M. M.,Beaino, Wissam,Kooijman, Esther J. M.,Schuit, Robert C.,Bol, John G. J. M.,Breve, John J. P.,Pasternack, Ralf,Lammertsma, Adriaan A.,Windhorst, Albert D.,Drukarch, Benjamin
, (2018/05/31)
Background: The protein cross-linking enzyme tissue transglutaminase (TG2; EC 2.3.2.13) is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancer. Recently, the synthesis and initial evaluation of two high-potential radiolabelled irreversible TG2 inhibitors were reported by us. In the present study, these two compounds were evaluated further in a breast cancer (MDA-MB-231) tumour xenograft model for imaging active tissue transglutaminase in vivo. Results: The metabolic stability of [11C]1 and [18F]2 in SCID mice was comparable to the previously reported stability in Wistar rats. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis on MDA-MB-231 cells and isolated tumours showed a high level of TG2 expression with very low expression of other transglutaminases. PET imaging showed low tumour uptake of [11C]1 (approx. 0.5 percentage of the injected dose per gram (%ID/g) at 40–60?min p.i.) and with relatively fast washout. Tumour uptake for [18F]2 was steadily increasing over time (approx. 1.7 %ID/g at 40–60?min p.i.). Pretreatment of the animals with the TG2 inhibitor ERW1041E resulted in lower tumour activity concentrations, and this inhibitory effect was enhanced using unlabelled 2. Conclusions: Whereas the TG2 targeting potential of [11C]1 in this model seems inadequate, targeting of TG2 using [18F]2 was achieved. As such, [18F]2 could be used in future studies to clarify the role of active tissue transglutaminase in disease.
4,5,6,7-TETRAHYDRO-1 H-PYRAZOLO[4,3-C]PYRIDIN-3-AMINE COMPOUNDS AS CBP AND/OR EP300 INHIBITORS
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Page/Page column 223; 224, (2016/06/14)
The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I) or formula (II): and to salts thereof, wherein R1-R4 of formula (I) and R1-R3 of formula (II) have any of the values defined herein, and compositions and uses thereof. The compounds are useful as inhibitors of CBP and/or EP300. Also included are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of formula (I) of formula (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and methods of using such compounds and salts in the treatment of various CBP and/or EP300-mediated disorders.
6-O-SUBSTITUTED KETOLIDES HAVING ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY
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Paragraph 0297; 0298, (2016/10/27)
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide 6-O-substituted ketolides with antibacterial activity, having acid stability and enhanced activity toward gram negative bacteria and macrolide resistant gram positive bacteria. SOLUTION: This invention provides 6-O-substituted erythromycin ketolide derivatives such as formula (II) and compositions comprising the compounds. [Y and Z together form a group X; X is ketone, hydroxyimino or the like; or, one of Y and Z is H and the other is hydrogen, hydroxy or the like; Ra is H, hydroxy; Rc is H or a hydroxy protective group; R is a substituted methyl group]. COPYRIGHT: (C)2015,JPOandINPIT
NaBH4-TMEDA and a palladium catalyst as efficient regio- and chemoselective system for the hydrodehalogenation of halogenated heterocycles
Chelucci, Giorgio,Figus, Susanna
, p. 191 - 209 (2014/07/21)
The pair NaBH4-TMEDA as hydride source and a palladium catalyst in THF prove to be an efficient system for the hydrodehalogenation of halogenated heterocycles with one or more heteroatoms. In general, Pd(OAc) 2-PPh3 rapidly hydrodehalogenates reactive halo-heterocycles such as bromo-pyridines, -quinolines, -thiophenes, -indoles, -imidazoles, etc., at room temperature in very good yields, whereas in most cases PdCl2(dppf) reduces less reactive halides such as chloro-pyridines, -quinolines, -pyrimidines and bromo-indoles, -benzofurans, etc. Moreover, PdCl2(tbpf) shows to be even more active removing the 2- and 5-chlorine from both thiophene and thiazole rings. The reaction conditions tolerate various functional groups, allowing highly chemoselective reactions in the presence of halide, ester, alkyne, alkene and nitrile substituents. Moreover, with a proper selection of the catalyst it is also possible to obtain a good control in the regioselective hydrodehalogenation of a variety of polyhalogenated substrates.
SUBSTITUTED 6,7-DIALKOXY-3-ISOQUINOLINOL DERIVATIVES AS INHIBITORS OF PHOSPHODIESTERASE 10 (PDE10A)
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Page/Page column 40, (2012/09/05)
The invention relates to compounds of the formula wherein R′, R1, through R7 and Ar are as defined herein. These compounds are useful as inhibitors of phosphodiesterase 10 (PDE10A) which are useful in treating central nervous system diseases such as psychosis and also in treating, for example, obesity, type II diabetes, metabolic syndrome, glucose intolerance, pain and ophthalmic diseases.
Simultaneous dehalogenation and hydrogenation reduction of halogen-heteroaromatic aldehydes
Chen, Xi-Bo,Hu, Qiu-Peng,Yuan, Qian-Jia,Ding, Wei,Ren, Jiangmeng,Zeng, Bu-Bing
experimental part, p. 3798 - 3801 (2012/09/21)
Treatment of halogen-heteroaromatic aldehydes with catalytic amount of PdCl2 under atmosphere pressure of hydrogen in base medium (sodium acetate) leads to the corresponding dehalogenated primary alcohols. The reaction system was especially effective for the heteroaromatic compounds bearing aldehyde groups and halides (bromo- or chloro-functions).
