14506-41-3Relevant articles and documents
Functionalization of 1 N-Protected Tetrazoles by Deprotonation with the Turbo Grignard Reagent
Grammatoglou, Konstantinos,Jirgensons, Aigars
, (2022/02/10)
1N-PMB-protected tetrazole undergoes C-H deprotonation with the turbo Grignard reagent, providing a metalated intermediate with increased stability. This can be used for the reaction with electrophiles such as aldehydes, ketones, Weinreb amides, and iodine. C-H deprotonation with the turbo Grignard reagent is compatible with the PMB-protecting group at the tetrazole, which can be cleaved using oxidative hydrogenolysis and acidic conditions. The method enables the tetrazole functionalization at the fifth position by overcoming the difficulties associated with retro [2 + 3] cycloaddition of the metalated intermediates.
Phototransformation of tetrazoline oxime ethers: Photoisomerization vs. photodegradation
Fréneau, Maxime,De Sainte Claire, Pascal,Hoffmann, Norbert,Vors, Jean-Pierre,Geist, Julie,Euvrard, Michel,Richard, Claire
, p. 5512 - 5522 (2016/02/05)
Fungicides showing potent biological activity in green house may have poor activity in the field due to fast photodegradation. This is the case of tetrazoline oxime ethers 1 and 2, active in the Z form, on which very little is known. A comprehensive study was therefore conducted to understand the photochemical behaviour of these compounds. It could be firmly demonstrated that both photoisomerization Z → E and photodegradation occur, and that interestingly photodegradation only takes place from E forms. Quantum yields of photoisomerization lay within the range 0.38-0.48 and those of E photodegradation in the range 0.06-0.11. During the reaction, the non-fungicidal E forms become the major isomers due to their lower solar light absorptivity than Z forms. The analytical study showed that photodegradation involves the cleavage of the N-O bond and allowed the identification of photoproducts arising from the rearrangement of the iminyl and alkoxyl radicals. Moreover, the proposed mechanism of alkoxyl radical oxidation into corresponding aldehyde and acid was elucidated using a computational study. This fundamental investigation fully explains the fast loss of the fungicidal activity of tetrazoline oxime ethers 1 and 2 in the field.
Safe and fast tetrazole formation in ionic liquids
Schmidt, Boris,Meid, Daniela,Kieser, Daniel
, p. 492 - 496 (2007/10/03)
The [2+3] cycloaddition of nitriles and azides is reliable for intramolecular reactions, but the hazards with volatile azides in intermolecular reactions are tremendous. Zinc catalysis in aqueous solution is a magnificent improvement, but requires the removal of the zinc salts from the acidic product. Herein, we report safe solvents featuring low vapor pressure and good solubility of NaN3. Ionic liquids based on alkylated imidazoles combined with microwave heating turned out to be a solution for the given tasks.