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Phytanic acid, a saturated 20-carbon branched-chain fatty acid, is exclusively obtained from dietary sources. It plays a significant role in the study of lipid metabolism and has been associated with peroxisomal disorders, such as infantile phytanic acid storage disease and Refsum’s disease, where elevated levels of phytanic acid are observed.

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  • 14721-66-5 Structure
  • Basic information

    1. Product Name: PHYTANIC ACID
    2. Synonyms: PHYTANIC ACID;3,7,11,15-TETRAMETHYLHEXADECANOIC ACID;METHYLATED PHYTANIC ACID;C01607;Phytanate;Phytanic acid,3,7,11,15-Tetramethylhexadecanoic acid
    3. CAS NO:14721-66-5
    4. Molecular Formula: C20H40O2
    5. Molecular Weight: 312.53
    6. EINECS: N/A
    7. Product Categories: N/A
    8. Mol File: 14721-66-5.mol
  • Chemical Properties

    1. Melting Point: -65°C
    2. Boiling Point: 391.36°C (estimate)
    3. Flash Point: 179.7 °C
    4. Appearance: /Liquid
    5. Density: 0.8888 (rough estimate)
    6. Vapor Pressure: 2.58E-08mmHg at 25°C
    7. Refractive Index: 1.4461 (estimate)
    8. Storage Temp.: 2-8°C
    9. Solubility: N/A
    10. PKA: 4.79±0.10(Predicted)
    11. CAS DataBase Reference: PHYTANIC ACID(CAS DataBase Reference)
    12. NIST Chemistry Reference: PHYTANIC ACID(14721-66-5)
    13. EPA Substance Registry System: PHYTANIC ACID(14721-66-5)
  • Safety Data

    1. Hazard Codes: Xi
    2. Statements: 36/37/38
    3. Safety Statements: 26-36
    4. WGK Germany: 3
    5. RTECS:
    6. HazardClass: N/A
    7. PackingGroup: N/A
    8. Hazardous Substances Data: 14721-66-5(Hazardous Substances Data)

14721-66-5 Usage

Uses

Used in Biomedical Research:
Phytanic acid is utilized as a research compound for studying lipid metabolism in porcine oocytes. This application aids in understanding the role of phytanic acid in cellular processes and its connection to various peroxisomal disorders.
Used in Diagnostics:
In the field of diagnostics, phytanic acid is used as a biomarker to identify and monitor peroxisomal disorders. Elevated levels of phytanic acid in patients can indicate the presence of diseases such as infantile phytanic acid storage disease and Refsum’s disease, helping healthcare professionals in diagnosis and treatment planning.
Used in Pharmaceutical Development:
Phytanic acid serves as a key component in the development of therapeutic strategies for treating peroxisomal disorders. By understanding its role in these diseases, researchers can develop targeted treatments to manage and alleviate the symptoms associated with elevated phytanic acid levels.
Used in Nutritional Science:
In the field of nutritional science, phytanic acid is studied to understand its role in overall health and metabolism. This knowledge can contribute to the development of dietary recommendations and guidelines for individuals with specific health conditions or those at risk for peroxisomal disorders.

Check Digit Verification of cas no

The CAS Registry Mumber 14721-66-5 includes 8 digits separated into 3 groups by hyphens. The first part of the number,starting from the left, has 5 digits, 1,4,7,2 and 1 respectively; the second part has 2 digits, 6 and 6 respectively.
Calculate Digit Verification of CAS Registry Number 14721-66:
(7*1)+(6*4)+(5*7)+(4*2)+(3*1)+(2*6)+(1*6)=95
95 % 10 = 5
So 14721-66-5 is a valid CAS Registry Number.
InChI:InChI=1/C20H40O2/c1-16(2)9-6-10-17(3)11-7-12-18(4)13-8-14-19(5)15-20(21)22/h16-19H,6-15H2,1-5H3,(H,21,22)/t17-,18-,19?/m1/s1

14721-66-5 Well-known Company Product Price

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  • Sigma

  • (P4060)  Phytanic acid  ≥96%, mixture of isomers

  • 14721-66-5

  • P4060-5MG

  • 1,106.82CNY

  • Detail
  • Sigma

  • (P4060)  Phytanic acid  ≥96%, mixture of isomers

  • 14721-66-5

  • P4060-25MG

  • 3,810.69CNY

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14721-66-5SDS

SAFETY DATA SHEETS

According to Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS) - Sixth revised edition

Version: 1.0

Creation Date: Aug 19, 2017

Revision Date: Aug 19, 2017

1.Identification

1.1 GHS Product identifier

Product name phytanic acid

1.2 Other means of identification

Product number -
Other names Hexadecanoic acid, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-

1.3 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use

Identified uses For industry use only.
Uses advised against no data available

1.4 Supplier's details

1.5 Emergency phone number

Emergency phone number -
Service hours Monday to Friday, 9am-5pm (Standard time zone: UTC/GMT +8 hours).

More Details:14721-66-5 SDS

14721-66-5Synthetic route

3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecanol
645-72-7

3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecanol

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium permanganate; tetrabutylammomium bromide; acetic acid In water; 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 16℃; for 4.5h; Reflux;94%
With potassium permanganate; tetrabutylammomium bromide; acetic acid In water; 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 16℃; for 4.5h; Reflux;94%
With potassium permanganate; tetrabutylammomium bromide; acetic acid In water; 1,2-dichloro-ethane at 16℃; for 4.5h; Reflux;94%
diethyl ether
60-29-7

diethyl ether

3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecanol
645-72-7

3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecanol

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium disulfite; chromic acid; acetic acid In [(2)H6]acetone; water72.3%
3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-oic acid
220904-31-4

3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-oic acid

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With platinum Hydrogenation;
2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-pentadecanon-(12)-carbonsaeure-(1)
102464-52-8

2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-pentadecanon-(12)-carbonsaeure-(1)

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With potassium hydroxide; hydrazine hydrate; diethylene glycol at 195℃;
3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecanol
645-72-7

3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecanol

A

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

B

phytanic acid dihydrophytyl ester

phytanic acid dihydrophytyl ester

3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol
7541-49-3

3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-2-hexadecen-1-ol

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: Katalitrische Hydrierung.Hydrogenation
2: chromic acid; glacial acetic acid; KHSO4
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: platinum(IV) oxide; hydrogen / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / 20 °C / 750.08 Torr
2: tetrabutylammomium bromide; acetic acid; potassium permanganate / water; 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 4.5 h / 16 °C / Reflux
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: hydrogen; platinum(IV) oxide / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / 20 °C / 750.08 Torr
2: tetrabutylammomium bromide; acetic acid; potassium permanganate / water; 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 4.5 h / 16 °C / Reflux
View Scheme
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: hydrogen; platinum(IV) oxide / tetrahydrofuran / 4 h / 20 °C / 750.08 Torr
2: tetrabutylammomium bromide; acetic acid; potassium permanganate / water; 1,2-dichloro-ethane / 4.5 h / 16 °C / Reflux
View Scheme
2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-pentadecanon-(12)-carbonsaeure-(1)-methylester
102899-50-3

2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-pentadecanon-(12)-carbonsaeure-(1)-methylester

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: KOH / methanol
2: KOH, diethylene glycol, aq. N2H4 / 195 °C
View Scheme
phytol
150-86-7

phytol

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: hydrogen / water; ethanol / 72 h / 20 °C
2: Jones reagent / acetone / 0.5 h / 0 °C
View Scheme
phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

L-proline methyl ester monohydrochloride
2133-40-6

L-proline methyl ester monohydrochloride

C26H49NO3

C26H49NO3

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Stage #1: phytanic acid With benzotriazol-1-ol; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In chloroform at 20℃; for 0.25h;
Stage #2: L-proline methyl ester monohydrochloride In chloroform at 20℃; for 18h;
95%
With benzotriazol-1-ol; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride In chloroform at 0 - 20℃; for 18.25h;95%
Stage #1: phytanic acid With benzotriazol-1-ol; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In chloroform at 20℃; for 0.25h;
Stage #2: L-proline methyl ester monohydrochloride In chloroform at 20℃; for 18h;
95%
phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

L-proline methyl ester monohydrochloride
2133-40-6

L-proline methyl ester monohydrochloride

C26H49NO3

C26H49NO3

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With benzotriazol-1-ol; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride In dichloromethane at 0 - 20℃; for 18.25h;95%
3-Amino-1,2-propanediol
616-30-8, 13552-31-3

3-Amino-1,2-propanediol

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

N-(3',7',11',15'-tetramethyl-hexadecanoyl)-3-amino-1,2-propanediol

N-(3',7',11',15'-tetramethyl-hexadecanoyl)-3-amino-1,2-propanediol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With benzotriazol-1-ol; 1-ethyl-(3-(3-dimethylamino)propyl)-carbodiimide hydrochloride; N-ethyl-N,N-diisopropylamine In N,N-dimethyl-formamide at 20℃; for 24h;88%
formaldehyd
50-00-0

formaldehyd

dichloromethane hexane

dichloromethane hexane

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

chloromethyl 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-1-hexadecanoate

chloromethyl 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-1-hexadecanoate

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With Zinc chloride In dichloromethane; chloroform66.1%
phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

N-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)propan-2-yl)pent-4-ynamide
1638195-92-2

N-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)propan-2-yl)pent-4-ynamide

2-(pent-4-ynamido)-2-(((3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoate)

2-(pent-4-ynamido)-2-(((3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoate)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With dmap; diisopropyl-carbodiimide In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 18h;61%
phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

Propargylamine
2450-71-7

Propargylamine

3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)hexadecanamide

3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-N-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)hexadecanamide

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With dmap; diisopropyl-carbodiimide In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 18h;60%
prop-2-yn-1-yl 3-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpropanoate
873849-85-5

prop-2-yn-1-yl 3-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpropanoate

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

2-methyl-2-((prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)carbonyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoate)

2-methyl-2-((prop-2-yn-1-yloxy)carbonyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3,7,11,15-tetramethylhexadecanoate)

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With dmap; diisopropyl-carbodiimide In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 18h;52%
phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecanol
645-72-7

3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecanol

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With lithium aluminium tetrahydride In diethyl ether
phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-pentadecylamine

2,6,10,14-Tetramethyl-pentadecylamine

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With sodium azide; sulfuric acid In chloroform
2-Methylthiophene
554-14-3

2-Methylthiophene

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-1-(5-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-hexadecan-1-one

3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-1-(5-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-hexadecan-1-one

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxalyl dichloride; tin(IV) chloride In dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide
2,3-dimethylthiophene
632-16-6

2,3-dimethylthiophene

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

1-(4,5-Dimethyl-thiophen-2-yl)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecan-1-one

1-(4,5-Dimethyl-thiophen-2-yl)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecan-1-one

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxalyl dichloride; tin(IV) chloride In dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide
2-ethylthiophene
872-55-9

2-ethylthiophene

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

1-(5-Ethyl-thiophen-2-yl)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecan-1-one

1-(5-Ethyl-thiophen-2-yl)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecan-1-one

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxalyl dichloride; tin(IV) chloride In dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide
2,4-dimethylthiophene
638-00-6

2,4-dimethylthiophene

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

1-(3,5-Dimethyl-thiophen-2-yl)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecan-1-one

1-(3,5-Dimethyl-thiophen-2-yl)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecan-1-one

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxalyl dichloride; tin(IV) chloride In dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide
2-propylthiophene
1551-27-5

2-propylthiophene

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-1-(5-propyl-thiophen-2-yl)-hexadecan-1-one

3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-1-(5-propyl-thiophen-2-yl)-hexadecan-1-one

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxalyl dichloride; tin(IV) chloride In dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide
2-butylthiophene
1455-20-5

2-butylthiophene

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

1-(5-Butyl-thiophen-2-yl)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecan-1-one

1-(5-Butyl-thiophen-2-yl)-3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecan-1-one

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxalyl dichloride; tin(IV) chloride In dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide
3-Methylthiophene
616-44-4

3-Methylthiophene

phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-1-(4-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-hexadecan-1-one

3,7,11,15-Tetramethyl-1-(4-methyl-thiophen-2-yl)-hexadecan-1-one

Conditions
ConditionsYield
With oxalyl dichloride; tin(IV) chloride In dichloromethane; N,N-dimethyl-formamide
phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

4-Methyl-2-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecyl)-thiophene

4-Methyl-2-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecyl)-thiophene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: (COCl)2, SnCl4 / CH2Cl2; dimethylformamide
2: AlCl3, LiAlH4 / diethyl ether
View Scheme
phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

2-Methyl-5-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecyl)-thiophene

2-Methyl-5-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecyl)-thiophene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: (COCl)2, SnCl4 / CH2Cl2; dimethylformamide
2: AlCl3, LiAlH4 / diethyl ether
View Scheme
phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

2,3-Dimethyl-5-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecyl)-thiophene

2,3-Dimethyl-5-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecyl)-thiophene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: (COCl)2, SnCl4 / CH2Cl2; dimethylformamide
2: AlCl3, LiAlH4 / diethyl ether
View Scheme
phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

2-Ethyl-5-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecyl)-thiophene

2-Ethyl-5-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecyl)-thiophene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: (COCl)2, SnCl4 / CH2Cl2; dimethylformamide
2: AlCl3, LiAlH4 / diethyl ether
View Scheme
phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

3,5-Dimethyl-2-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecyl)-thiophene

3,5-Dimethyl-2-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecyl)-thiophene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: (COCl)2, SnCl4 / CH2Cl2; dimethylformamide
2: AlCl3, LiAlH4 / diethyl ether
View Scheme
phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

2-Propyl-5-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecyl)-thiophene

2-Propyl-5-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecyl)-thiophene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: (COCl)2, SnCl4 / CH2Cl2; dimethylformamide
2: AlCl3, LiAlH4 / diethyl ether
View Scheme
phytanic acid
14721-66-5

phytanic acid

2-Butyl-5-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecyl)-thiophene

2-Butyl-5-(3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-hexadecyl)-thiophene

Conditions
ConditionsYield
Multi-step reaction with 2 steps
1: (COCl)2, SnCl4 / CH2Cl2; dimethylformamide
2: AlCl3, LiAlH4 / diethyl ether
View Scheme

14721-66-5Relevant articles and documents

Lanthanide phytanates: Liquid-crystalline phase behavior, colloidal particle dispersions, and potential as medical imaging agents

Conn, Charlotte E.,Panchagnula, Venkateswarlu,Weerawardena, Asoka,Waddington, Lynne J.,Kennedy, Danielle F.,Drummond, Calum J.

, p. 6240 - 6249 (2010)

Lanthanide salts of phytanic acid, an isoprenoid-type amphiphile, have been synthesized and characterized. Elemental analysis and FTIR spectroscopy were used to confirm the formed product and showed that three phytanate anions are complexed with one lanthanide cation. The physicochemical properties of the lanthanide phytanates were investigated using DSC, XRD, SAXS, and cross-polarized optical microscopy. Several of the hydrated salts form a liquid-crystalline hexagonal columnar mesophase at room temperature, and samarium(III) phytanate forms this phase even in the absence of water. Select lanthanide phytanates were dispersed in water, and cryo-TEM images indicate that some structure has been retained in the dispersed phase. NMR relaxivity measurements were conducted on these systems. It has been shown that a particulate dispersion of gadolinium(III) phytanate displays proton relaxivity values comparable to those of a commercial contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging and a colloidal dispersion of europium(III) phytanate exhibits the characteristics of a fluorescence imaging agent.

Chemically Stable Lipids for Membrane Protein Crystallization

Ishchenko, Andrii,Peng, Lingling,Zinovev, Egor,Vlasov, Alexey,Lee, Sung Chang,Kuklin, Alexander,Mishin, Alexey,Borshchevskiy, Valentin,Zhang, Qinghai,Cherezov, Vadim

, p. 3502 - 3511 (2017)

The lipidic cubic phase (LCP) has been widely recognized as a promising membrane-mimicking matrix for biophysical studies of membrane proteins and their crystallization in a lipidic environment. Application of this material to a wide variety of membrane proteins, however, is hindered due to a limited number of available host lipids, mostly monoacylglycerols (MAGs). Here, we designed, synthesized, and characterized a series of chemically stable lipids resistant to hydrolysis, with properties complementary to the widely used MAGs. In order to assess their potential to serve as host lipids for crystallization, we characterized the phase properties and lattice parameters of mesophases made of two most promising lipids at a variety of different conditions by polarized light microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. Both lipids showed remarkable chemical stability and an extended LCP region in the phase diagram covering a wide range of temperatures down to 4 °C. One of these lipids has been used for crystallization and structure determination of a prototypical membrane protein bacteriorhodopsin at 4 and 20 °C.

COMPOSITIONS IN THE FORM OF AN INJECTALE AQUEOUS SOLUTION COMPRISING HUMAN GLUCAGON AND A CO-POLYAMINO ACID

-

, (2019/09/20)

Physically stable compositions in the form of an injectable aqueous solution, the pH of which is comprised from 6.0 to 8.0, having at least: human glucagon and a co-polyamino acid bearing carboxylate charges and hydrophobic radicals Hy, in one embodiment, the compositions according to the invention further includes a gastrointestinal hormone.

COMPOSITIONS IN THE FORM OF AN INJECTABLE AQUEOUS SOLUTION COMPRISING AMYLIN, AN AMYLIN RECEPTOR AGONIST OR AN AMYLIN ANALOGUE AND A CO-POLYAMINO ACID

-

, (2019/09/20)

A composition in the form of an injectable aqueous solution, the pH of which is comprised from 6.0 to 8.0, including at least: a) amylin, an amylin receptor agonist or an amylin analogue;b) a co-polyamino acid bearing carboxylate charges and hydrophobic radicals Hy, said co-polyamino acid being constituted of glutamic or aspartic units and said hydrophobic radicals Hy being according to formula I below: [in-line-formulae]*?GpR?r?GpA?a?GpC)p ??Formula I[/in-line-formulae] wherein the composition does not comprise a basal insulin the isoelectric point pI of which is comprised from 5.8 to 8.5. It also relates to a composition wherein it further includes prandial insulin.

COMPOSITIONS SOUS FORME D'UNE SOLUTION AQUEUSE INJECTABLE COMPRENANT DU GLUCAGON HUMAIN ET UN CO-POLYAMINOACIDE

-

, (2019/09/20)

Physically stable compositions in the form of an injectable aqueous solution, wherein the pH is from 6.0 to 8.0, includes at least: a) human glucagon andb) a co-polyamino acid bearing carboxylate charges and hydrophobic radicals Hy. In one embodiment, the compositions further comprise a gut hormone.

INJECTABLE SOLUTION AT PH 7 COMPRISING AT LEAST ONE BASAL INSULIN WHEREIN THE PI IS COMPRISED FORM 5.8 TO 8.5 AND A CO-POLYAMINO ACID BEARING CARBOXYLATE CHARGES AND HYDROPHOBIC RADICALS

-

, (2019/09/20)

In one embodiment, the composition according to the invention is characterized in that the co-polyamino acid bearing carboxylate charges and at least one hydrophobic radical -Hy is chosen among the co-polyamino acids according to formula XXXb hereinafter: wherein, D represents, independently, either a group —CH2— (aspartic acid) or a group —CH2—CH2— (glutamic acid),X represents a cationic entity chosen in the group comprising alkali cations,Rb and Rb′, identical or different, are either a hydrophobic radical -Hy, or a radical chosen in the group consisting of an H, a C2 to C10 linear acyl group, a C3 to C10 branched acyl group, a benzyl, a terminal “amino acid” unit and a pyroglutamate, at least one of Rb and R′b is a hydrophobic radical -Hy,Q and Hy are as defined above.n+m represents the degree of polymerization DP of the co-polyamino acid, namely the mean number of monomeric units per co-polyamino acid chain and 5≤n+m≤250.

BASE-PROTECTED OLIGONUCLEOTIDE

-

Paragraph 0349, (2015/01/18)

The present invention provides a protected nucleotide for elongation, which can be purified efficiently and in a high yield by a liquid-liquid extraction operation, and can achieve an oligonucleotide production method by a phosphoramidite method. It has been found that the above-mentioned problem can be solved by a particular oligonucleotide comprising a protected base and/or particular oligonucleotide protected by a branched chain-containing aromatic group at 3'-position.

OLIGONUCLEOTIDE WITH PROTECTED BASE

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Page/Page column, (2013/10/22)

The present invention provides a protected nucleotide for elongation, which can be purified efficiently and in a high yield by a liquid-liquid extraction operation, and can achieve an oligonucleotide production method by a phosphoramidite method. It has been found that the above-mentioned problem can be solved by a particular oligonucleotide comprising a protected base and/or particular oligonucleotide protected by a branched chain-containing aromatic group at 3′-position.

Alkylated phenol series in lacustrine black shales from the Noerdlinger Ries, southern Germany

Barakat, Assem O.,Baumgart, Susan,Brocks, Peter,Scholz-Boettcher, Barbara M.,Rullkoetter, Juergen

, p. 987 - 994 (2012/11/06)

Several series of alkylated phenols were detected for the first time in the extractable bitumens of organic matter-rich sediments from the Noerdlinger Ries (southern Germany). Most abundant and significant constituents comprise those with n-octadecyl, n-eicosanyl, phytanyl, and iso-pentadecyl and anteiso-pentadecyl substituents. The structures of these compounds are suggested from mass spectrometric and retention time data and coinjection with synthetic standards. Diagenetic alteration of phenolic algal lipids is suggested as a possible way to the formation of these compounds in the Noerdlinger Ries sediments. Copyright

UREA-, GLYCERATE- AND, HYDROXYAMIDE-HEADED HYDROCARBON CHAIN LYOTROPIC PHASES FORMING SURFACTANTS

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Page 25, 38, (2008/06/13)

The invention provides a compound containing a head group based on urea, glycerol or glycerate and a tail selected from the group consisting of a branched alkyl chain, a branched alkyloxy chain or an alkenyl chain. The compounds may be used as surfactants to form a lyotropic phase that is stable in excess polar solution.

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