26311-17-1Relevant articles and documents
Synthesis, biological activity, and structure-activity/toxicity relationships of a series of terphenyl analogues of hemicholinium-3 and acetyl-seco-hemicholinium-3
Domer,Chihal,Charles,Koch
, p. 541 - 545 (1980)
Further work on the development and investigation of activity and site of action of inhibitors which act presynaptically on neuromuscular function is reported. Terphenyl HC-3 (5c) and a series of six new terphenyl analogues of hemicholinium-3 (HC-3,1) and
Transmission of Substituent Effects through the Silicon-Silicon Bond
Dubowchik, Gene M.,Gottschall, David W.,Grossman, Michael J.,Norton, Robert L.,Yoder, Claude H.
, p. 4211 - 4214 (1982)
The transmission of substituent effects through the Si-Si bond was measured by monitoring 13C-1H coupling constants and 1H, 13C, and 29Si chemical shifts in substituted disilanes of the type XSi(CH3)2Si(CH3)3 (X = F, Cl, Br, CN, OC2H5, N(CH3)2, CH3) and through the NCH3 13C-1H coupling constants and basicities of the series XSi(CH3)2Si(CH3)2N(CH3)2 (X = Cl, OC2H5, N(CH3)2, CH3).Coupling constants and 1H and 13C chemical shifts correlated well with a variety of inductive parameters.Comparisons with the carbon analogues indicated that the C-C linkage transmits substituent effects about twice as effectively as the Si-Si bond.Indeed, the silicon-silicon bond in some systems behaves virtually as an insulator rather than conductor of substituent effects.This difference can be attributed to electrostatic field effects without recourse to (p-d)?, (d-d)?, or dative interactions.
Dialkoxy functionalized quaternary ammonium ionic liquids as potential electrolytes and cellulose solvents
Chen, Zhengjian,Liu, Shimin,Li, Zuopeng,Zhang, Qinghua,Deng, Youquan
, p. 1596 - 1606 (2011)
A series of new ionic liquids, based on dialkoxy-functionalized quaternary ammonium cations {side chains: 1 = CH3, 1O1 = CH3OCH 2, 1O2 = CH3OC2H4, 2O2 = C 2H5OC2H4; cations: [N 11,1O1,1O2], [N11,1O1,2O2], [N11,1O2,1O2], [N11,1O2,2O2] and [N11,2O2,2O2]}, with BF4 -, (CF3SO2)2N- (NTf 2) and CH3CO2- (OAc) as counteranions, have been prepared and characterized. Their basic properties, such as spectroscopic characteristics, melting point, glass transition temperature, thermal stability, electrochemical window, density, refractive index, viscosity and conductivity, were measured and comparatively studied. The incorporation of two flexible alkoxy chains makes the quaternary ammonium salts highly qualified to be low-viscous and high-conductive room temperature ILs, and even some of them have significantly better fluidity than the popular imidazolium ILs with a similar molecular weight, e.g. [N11,1O1,2O2] BF4 (151 cP and 2.11 mS cm-1, Mw: 249) vs. [HMIm]BF4 (220 cP and 1.2 mS cm-1, Mw: 256) at 25 °C. The electrochemical windows of these ILs were evaluated up to 5.5 V. In addition, the dialkoxy OAc ILs were found to have excellent solvent power for cellulose under mild conditions, e.g. a solution of 18 wt% microcrystalline cellulose in [N11,2O2,2O2]OAc at 80 °C. By precipitation with water, the dissolved cellulose (I crystal structure) was regenerated as nanosized cellulose II particles with increased surface area and decreased crystallinity, determined by FE-SEM and XRD.
QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS
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Page/Page column 15-16, (2008/06/13)
A quaternary ammonium salt of the following formula (1):{(R1)a(R2)b(R3)c(R4OCH2CH2OCH2CH2)dN}+·A- [wherein, R1, R2 and R3 may be mutually the same or different and represent an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkyloxyethyl group of the formula (2):R5OCH2CH2- (wherein, R5 represents a methyl group or ethyl group), R4 represents a methyl group or ethyl group, and any two of R1, R2 and R3 may mutually bond at the end to form an alkylene chain, a, b and c represent an integer of 0 to 3, d represents an integer of 1 to 4, the sum of a, b and c is 3 or less, the sum of a, b, c and d is 4, and A - represents a bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imidate ion [N (SO2CF3)2- ], tetrafluoroborate ion (BF4-) or hexafluorophosphate ion (PF6-).].
METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF DIALKYL AMINO ETHERS
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Page/Page column 6, (2008/06/13)
The invention relates to a method for producing dialkyl amino ethers by reacting dialkyl amino alcohol compounds with acetylene, followed by hydrogenation.
Enhanced product selectivity in continuous N-methylation of amino alcohols over solid acid-base catalysts with supercritical methanol
Oku, Tomoharu,Ikariya, Takao
, p. 3476 - 3479 (2007/10/03)
The unique properties of supercritical fluids can be exploited for fine-tuning product selectivity. Under the conditions listed for the N-methylation of amino alcohols (see scheme) over solid acid-base bifunctional catalysts, the total yield and product selectivity could be improved. Enhanced product selectivity might be attributed to the milder reaction conditions possible with supercritical methanol, as well as the increased concentration of methanol on the catalyst.
Synthesis and structure toxicity relationships of three new stable analogues of acetyl seco hemocholinium 3
Haarstad,Domer,Chihal,Rege,Charles
, p. 760 - 763 (2007/10/05)
In order to develop and study inhibitors of neuromuscular function which act presynaptically, three stable analogues of acetyl seco hemicholinium 3 (AcH 3,2) were prepared. These analogues have 2 ethoxyethyltrimethylammonium, 4 oxopentyltrimethylammonium, and n pentyltrimethylammonium moieties substituted for the 2 acetylethyltrimethylammonium (acetylcholine) moieties of AcHC 3 (2) to form the ether 3, ketone 4, and alkane 5 analogues of AcHC 3 (2). Although AcHC 3 (2) has been shown to undergo deesterification rapidly in basic solutions and slowly at pH 7.4, it has been found to be stable in H2O or D2O under slightly acidic conditions. All of the analogues are stable for extended time under both slightly acidic conditions and at pH 7.4 in H2O or D2O. It has been found that 2 reacts with acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase within seconds in H2O at pH 7.4. However, deesterification of 2 with subsequently cyclization to the hemiacetal form of hemicholinium 3 (HC 3,1) is prevented at pH 7.4, possibly by an irreversible binding of 2 to the enzyme. The analogues 3-5, however, do not react under identical conditions. Mouse toxicity studies (LD50) indicate that 2 is approximately as toxic as HC 3 (1), whereas by choline but not by neostigmine in mice. Structure activity relationships of 1-5 are discussed.
