- Albendazole
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Albendazole (brand name Albenza), with its CAS registry number 54965-21-8, has its IUPAC name of methyl N-[6-(propylsulfanyl)-1H-1,3-benzodiazol-2-yl]carbamate. This product belongs to the categories of Anthelmintics, and it is a benzimidazole broad-spectrum anthelmintic structurally related to mebendazole that is effective against many diseases.
Following are the detailed information of Albendazole:
1). Indication of Albendazole: For the treatment of parenchymal neurocysticercosis due to active lesions caused by larval forms of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium and for the treatment of cystic hydatid disease of the liver, lung, and peritoneum, caused by the larval form of the dog tapeworm, Echinococcus granulosus.
2). Pharmacodynamics of Albendazole: Albendazole is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic. The principal mode of action for albendazole is by its inhibitory effect on tubulin polymerization which results in the loss of cytoplasmic microtubules.
3. Mechanism of action Albendazole causes degenerative alterations in the tegument and intestinal cells of the worm by binding to the colchicine-sensitive site of tubulin, thus inhibiting its polymerization or assembly into microtubules. The loss of the cytoplasmic microtubules leads to impaired uptake of glucose by the larval and adult stages of the susceptible parasites, and depletes their glycogen stores. Degenerative changes in the endoplasmic reticulum, the mitochondria of the germinal layer, and the subsequent release of lysosomes result in decreased production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is the energy required for the survival of the helminth. Due to diminished energy production, the parasite is immobilized and eventually dies.
4). Absorption of Albendazole: Poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract due to its low aqueous solubility. Oral bioavailability appears to be enhanced when coadministered with a fatty meal (estimated fat content 40 g)
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