Paper
RSC Advances
analysis of the ltrate by ICP indicated that no silver metal had
leached out from the catalyst surface. These studies clearly
demonstrated that silver was intact to a considerable extent
with the heterogeneous support and there is no considerable
amount of leaching during reactions.
Org. Lett., 2006, 8, 1529; (e) M. K. Patil, M. Keller,
B. M. Reddy, P. Pale and J. Sommer, Eur. J. Org. Chem.,
2008, 26, 4440; (f) P. Li, L. Wang, Y. Zhang and M. Wang,
Tetrahedron Lett., 2008, 49, 6650; (g) X. Huo, J. Liu,
B. Wang, H. Zhang, Z. Yang, X. She and P. Xi, J. Mater.
Chem. A, 2013, 1, 651; (h) M. L. Kantam,
V.
Balasubrahmanyam,
K.
B.
S.
Kumar
and
Conclusion
G. T. Venkanna, Tetrahedron Lett., 2007, 48, 7332.
In summary, we have successfully developed a new graphene
based composite with silver nanoparticle as heterogeneous
catalyst. The resulting catalyst showed enhanced catalytic
activity with efficient recycling for the A3 coupling reaction and
one pot synthesis of 1,2,3-triazole from anilines at room
temperature. Such a wide scope demonstrated by the catalyst
has not been reported earlier and this procedure provides a
convenient route to a variety of substituted 1,2,3-triazoles and
propargylamines. Moreover, these heterogeneous nanocatalysts
are stable showing no silver leaching and aggregation, and can
be recycled multiple times without loss of catalytic activity and
highly desirable to address the environmental concerns and
thus we believe that this protocol will nd a useful application
4 V. V. Rostovtsev, L. G. Green, V. V. Fokin and K. B. Sharpless,
Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 2002, 41, 2596.
5 C. W. Tornoe, C. Christensen and M. Meldal, J. Org. Chem.,
2002, 67, 3057.
6 G. Franc and A. K. Kakkar, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2010, 39, 1536.
7 W. H. Binder and R. Sachsenhofer, Macromol. Rapid
Commun., 2007, 28, 15.
8 P. M. E. Gramlich, C. T. Wirges, A. Manetto and T. Carell,
Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 2008, 47, 8350.
9 (a) P. Cintas, A. Barge, S. Tagliapietra, L. Boffa and
G. Cravotto, Nat. Protoc., 2010, 5, 607; (b) E. D. Pressly,
R. J. Amir and C. J. Hawker, J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym.
Chem., 2011, 49, 814.
in green organic synthesis. Further investigation on mecha- 10 (a) V. D. Bock, H. Hiemstra and J. H. van Maarseveen, Eur. J.
nistic studies of this catalyst for the above mention reactions are
going on in our laboratory.
Org. Chem., 2006, 51; (b) J. Y. Kim, J. C. Park, H. Kang,
H. Song and K. H. Park, Chem. Commun., 2010, 46, 439.
11 (a) C.-J. Li, Chem. Rev., 2005, 105, 3059; (b) S. Chassaing,
M. Kumarraja, A. S. S. Sido, P. Pale and J. Sommer, Org.
Lett., 2007, 9, 883.
Acknowledgements
SM.I. acknowledges the Council of Scientic and Industrial 12 (a) P. V. Kamat, J. Phys. Chem. Lett., 2010, 1, 520; (b)
Research (CSIR) and Department of Science and Technology
(DST), New Delhi, India for funding and NRJ acknowledge DST,
X. Huang, Z. Yin, S. Wu, X. Qi, Q. He, Q. Zhang, Q. Yan,
F. Boey and H. Zhang, Small, 2011, 7, 1876.
India for funding. NS and PM are thankful to the University 13 (a) L. Chen, K. Yang, H. Liu and X. Wang, Carbon, 2008, 46,
Grant Commission (UGC) for their research fellowship. AS and
ASR acknowledges CSIR-India for research fellowship. We
gratefully acknowledge the DST & UGC, New Delhi, for award of
grant under FIST, PURSE and SAP program to the Department
of Chemistry, University of Kalyani.
213; (b) A. Corma, H. Garcia and A. Leyva, J. Mol. Catal. A:
Chem., 2005, 230, 97; (c) P. Zhang, X. Zhang, H. Sun,
R. Liu, B. Wang and Y. Lin, Tetrahedron Lett., 2009, 50,
4455; (d) S. Chatterjee, A. K. Patra, A. Bhaumik and
A. K. Nandi, Chem. Commun., 2013, 49, 4646; (e) S. Verma,
H. P. Mungse, N. Kumar, S. Choudhary, S. L. Jain, B. Sain
and O. P. Khatri, Chem. Commun., 2011, 47, 12673.
14 S. Guo, D. Wen, Y. Zhai, S. Dong and E. Wang, ACS Nano,
2010, 4, 3959.
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