Organometallics 1996, 15, 1071-1074
1071
Mon on u clea r Tr is(a m in op yr id in a to)zir con iu m Alk yl,
Ar yl, a n d Alk yn yl Com p lexes
Rhett Kempe,* Simon Brenner, and Perdita Arndt
MPG AG “Komplexkatalyse” an der Universita¨t Rostock, Buchbinderstrasse 5-6,
18055 Rostock, Germany
Received September 13, 1995X
Summary: The reaction of 3 equiv of 4-methyl-2-((tri-
methylsilyl)amino)pyridine (TMS-AP-H) with (Me2N)2-
ZrCl2(THF)2 or the in situ lithiation of TMS-AP-H
followed by addition of ZrCl4 affords (TMS-AP)3Zr-Cl
(1) in high yield. The X-ray analysis of 1 reveals a
mononuclear zirconium complex coordinated by six
nitrogen atoms with an overall 3-fold molecule sym-
metry. The η2-coordinated aminopyridinato ligands
arrange in a propeller-like fashion. The reactions of 1
with MeLi, phenyllithium, and (phenylethynyl)lithium
afford the corresponding σ-alkyl, -aryl, and -alkynyl
complexes ((TMS-AP)3Zr-Me (2), (TMS-AP)3Zr-Ph (3),
and (TMS-AP)3Zr-CtCPh (4). X-ray diffraction studies
of 4 establish its monomeric structure, a long Zr-C bond
distance, and a sterically shielded alkynyl ligand.
(TMS-AP) ligand with a “maximal steric angle” of 144° 8
to gives rise to a propeller-like C3 symmetric complex
fragment containing a reactive pocket similar to those
observed for tripod chelating ligands. Herein is reported
the synthesis and structure of the first mononuclear
zirconium complex that contains aminopyridinato
ligands:9 (TMS-AP)3Zr-Cl and its σ-alkyl, -aryl, and
-alkynyl derivatives.
Resu lts a n d Discu ssion
The reaction of 3 equiv of TMS-AP-H with mixed
chloro(dialkylamido)zirconium complexes like (Me2N)2-
ZrCl2(THF)2 (easily accessible by reacting Zr(NMe2)4
with ZrCl4 in the presence of THF10 ) affords the
colorless crystalline compound 1 (eq 1). A small amount
Me2NH2Cl is observed as a byproduct. 1H and 13C NMR
spectra are indicative of an overall C3 molecular sym-
metry, and elemental analysis is consistent with the
formula (TMS-AP)3Zr-Cl.
In tr od u ction
1-3
Amido-based tripod ligand systems
that form
stable early transition metal complexes have gained a
lot of attention. The ligands in these complexes shield
a large sector of the coordination sphere and thus
provide a “reactive pocket” for metal-supported activa-
tion and transformation reactions. Such complexes
have been shown to activate small molecules like
dinitrogen,4 to give rise to unusual transformation
reactions,5 and to provide access to stable polar metal-
metal bonds.6 With regard to their catalytic applica-
tions, we are currently examining the chemistry of early
transition metal complexes that are reactive due to
strained η2-coordinated aminopyridinato ligands.7 We
expect the 4-methyl-2-((trimethylsilyl)amino)pyridinato
X Abstract published in Advance ACS Abstracts, December 15, 1995.
(1) Gudat, D.; Verkade, J . G. Organometallics 1989, 8, 2772.
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1995, 34, 1576. Cummins, C. C.; Schrock, R. R.; Davis, W. M.
Organometallics 1992, 11, 1452. See also refs 4 and 5.
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The common synthetic procedure of ligand lithiation
followed by adding of zirconium chloride leads to 1 in a
high-yield reaction (eq 2). This observation is in con-
trast to synthetic protocols of titanium aminopyridinato
complexes,7 where only very low yields could be ob-
tained.
(8) The “maximal steric angle” was defined as the angle between
the outermost H atoms of the pyridine ring, the metal at which the
aminopyridinato ligand coordinates, and the outermost H atom of the
substituent at the amido nitrogen in relation to the cone angle
approach, which is widely used to evaluate the bulkiness of ligands.
See also: Brown, T. L.; Lee, K. J . Coord. Chem. Rev. 1993, 128, 89.
(9) To the best of our knowledge, among the very few examples of
mononuclear transition metal complexes that contain aminopyridinato
ligands was no group 3 or 4 transition metal complex detected.
Chakravarty, A. R.; Cotton, F. A.; Shamshoum, E. S. Inorg. Chim. Acta
1984, 86, 5. Calhorda, M. J .; Carrondo, M. A. A. F. D. C. T.; Gomes da
Costa, R.; Dias, A. R.; Duarte, M. T. L. S.; Hursthouse, M. B. J .
Organomet. Chem. 1987, 320, 53. Edema, J . J . H.; Gambarotta, S.;
Meetsma, A; Spek, A. L.; Veldman, N. Inorg. Chem. 1991, 30, 2062.
(10) Brenner, S.; Kempe, R.; Arndt, P. Z. Anorg. Allg. Chem. 1996,
in press.
(5) Cummins, C. C.; Schrock, R. R.; Davis, W. M. Inorg. Chem. 1994,
33, 1448. Christou, V.; Arnold, J . Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1993,
32, 1450. Cummins, C. C.; Schrock, R. R.; Davis, W. M. Angew. Chem.,
Int. Ed. Engl. 1993, 32, 756. Cummins, C. C.; Lee, J .; Schrock, R. R.;
Davis, W. M. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1992, 31, 1501.
(6) Friedrich, S.; Memmler, H.; Gade, L. H.; Li, W.-S.; McPartlin,
M. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl. 1994, 33, 678.
(7) Kempe, R.; Arndt, P. Inorg. Chem. 1996, in press.
0276-7333/96/2315-1071$12.00/0 © 1996 American Chemical Society