Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry p. 1471 - 1480 (1996)
Update date:2022-08-02
Topics:
Randad, Ramnarayan S.
Lubkowska, Lucyna
Silva, Abelardo M.
Guerin, Diego M. A.
Gulnik, Sergei V.
Yu, Betty
Erickson, John W.
A combination of structure-activity studies, kinetic analysis, X-ray crystallographic analysis, and modeling were employed in the design of a novel series of HIV-1 protease (HIV PR) inhibitors. The crystal structure of a complex of HIV PR with SRSS-2,5-bis[N-(tert-butyloxycarbonyl)amino]-3,4-dihydroxy-1,6-diphenylhexane (1) delineated a crucial water-mediated hydrogen bond between the tert-butyloxy group of the inhibitor and the amide hydrogen of Asp29 of the enzyme. Achiral, nonpeptidic 2-hydroxy/phenylacetamide and 3-hydroxybenzamide groups were modeled as novel P2/P2' ligands to replace the crystallographic water molecules and to provide direct interactions with the NH groups of the Asp29/129 residues. Indeed, the symmetry-based inhibitors 7 and 19, possessing 3-hydroxy and 3-aminobenzamide, respectively, as a P2/P2' ligand, were potent inhibitors of HIV PR. The benzamides were superior in potency to the phenylacetamides and have four fewer rotatable bonds. An X-ray crystal structure of the HIV PR/7 complex at 2.1 A resolution revealed an asymmetric mode of binding, in which the 3-hydroxy group of the benzamide ring makes the predicted interaction with the backbone NH of Asp29 on one side of the active site only. An unexpected hydrogen bond with the Gly148 carbonyl group, resulting from rotation of the aromatic ring out of the amide plane, was observed on the other side. The inhibitory potencies of the benzamide compounds were found to be sensitive to the nature and position of substituents on the benzamide ring, and can be rationalized on the basis of the structure of the HIV PR/7 complex. These results partly confirm our initial hypothesis and suggest that optimal inhibitor designs should satisfy a requirement for providing polar interactions with Asp29 NH, and should minimize the conformational entropy loss on binding by reducing the number of freely rotatable bonds in inhibitors.
View MoreLiao Cheng All Win Chemicals Co.,LTD
Contact:86+0635-2991582
Address:Room 402,Unit 1,No.27 building.Zhong tong shi dai haoyuan,liaocheng city,Shan dong Province.China
Contact:+31-24-3886056
Address:Binderskampweg 29 Unit 36
Xiamen Huasing Chemicals Co.Ltd.
Contact:0086-592-6228397
Address:NO.24, Xinglin North 2nd Road,Jimei district
Taizhou Elitechemie MediPharma Technology Co.,Ltd.
Contact:+86-523-86810021
Address:Building G14,NO.1 Avenue,China Medical City, Taizhou, Jiangsu,China
Jinan Kaypharm Chemical Co.,Ltd
Contact:86-0531-86986780
Address:Room101,No189-2,Huayuan Road,Jinan City,Shandong Province
Doi:10.1002/adsc.201900506
(2019)Doi:10.1021/jo00181a036
(1984)Doi:10.1016/j.tet.2013.07.107
(2013)Doi:10.1016/S0008-6215(00)81267-7
(1969)Doi:10.1021/jo00149a014
(1983)Doi:10.1016/S0008-6215(00)80972-6
(1982)