Reactions of platinum nitrile complexes with cyclotriphosphazenes containing pyridylalkylamino groups

Article abstract of DOI:10.1134/S1070363206040074

Reactions of platinum(II) and platinum(IV) nitrile complexes with polydentate ligands, such as pentaphenoxy(2-pyridylmethylamino) cyclotriphosphazene, pentaphenoxy(3-pyridylmethylamino)cyclotriphosphazene, and pentaphenoxy(2-pyridylethylamino)cyclotriphos

Full text of DOI:10.1134/S1070363206040074

ISSN 1070-3632, Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2006, Vol. 76, No. 4, pp. 535 540.
Pleiades Publishing, Inc., 2006.
Original Russian Text
No. 4, pp. 565 570.
S.A. Simanova, T.V. Kuznetsova, U. Diefenbach, V.N. Demidov, 2006, published in Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, 2006, Vol. 76,
Reactions of Platinum Nitrile Complexes
with Cyclotriphosphazenes
Containing Pyridylalkylamino Groups
S. A. Simanova*, T. V. Kuznetsova*, U. Diefenbach**, and V. N. Demidov*
* St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology, Moskovskii pr. 26, St. Petersburg, 198013 Russia
e-mail: tata@TK9173.spb.edu
** Free University of Berlin, Germany
Received July 5, 2005
Abstract Reactions of platinum(II) and platinum(IV) nitrile complexes with polydentate ligands, such as
pentaphenoxy(2-pyridylmethylamino)cyclotriphosphazene,
pentaphenoxy(3-pyridylmethylamino)cyclotri-
phosphazene, and pentaphenoxy(2-pyridylethylamino)cyclotriphosphazene, were studied. Platinum(IV) is
reduced to platinum(II) upon complex formation; the pyridine and alkylamine nitrogen atoms coordinate to
1
platinum(II) to form chelate rings. The compounds obtained were characterized by H and 31P NMR and IR
spectroscopy, FAB mass spectrometry, and other methods.
DOI: 10.1134/S1070363206040074
The interest in polymers forming macromolecular
metal complexes is caused by the application of these
polymers as ion-exchange resins, catalysts, and ionic
conductors. They also offer promise as biologically
active compounds [1 6]. Phosphazene polymers are
not an exception, and, therefore, studying the behavior
of small molecular models, such as cyclotri- or cyclo-
tetraphosphazenes, in relation to metal ions becomes
an important method of obtaining information on
transformations that occur on coordination of poly-
meric phosphazenes to these ions. The interest in
cyclotriphosphazenes is also connected with their
polydentate nature, i.e. with a great number of donor
atoms potentially capable of coordinating with metal
atoms.
described in the same works [8, 9]. It was found by IR
spectroscopy, FAB mass spectrometry, and elemental
and X-ray diffraction analyses that compounds with
metal ligand ratios of 1:2 (Cu2+) and 1:1 (Pt2+) are
formed, and both nitrogen atoms of the pyridylmethyl-
amino ligand are involved in complex formation. The
cobalt(II) complex comprises one phosphazene mo-
lecule coordinating through the phosphazene and
pyridyl nitrogens. The platinum complex [PtL1Cl2]
was prepared by boiling of PtCl2 with L1 (molar ratio
1:1) in a 1:1 chloroform benzene mixture. The
copper and cobalt complexes were obtained by heat-
ing of corresponding nitrates with L1 (molar ratio
1:1) in methanol under reflux [9]. Reactions of more
complex platinum coordination compounds with
pyridine-substituted cyclotriphosphazenes have not
been studied before.
Cyclotriphosphazenes with N-donor side groups,
such as pyrazoles and dimethylamine, were studied
earlier [6]. Phosphazenes of this type can coordinate
both through side-group and phosphazene nitrogens
[6]. In particular, recently Thomas et al. [7] obtained
complexes [PtLnCl2] in which the chelating ligand
coordinates to the nitrogen atoms of neighboring
pyrazole groups to close a six-membered ring, by
reactions of [Pt(PhCN)2Cl2] with cyclotriphospha-
zenes (Ln) containing geminal pyrazole and dimethyl-
pyrazole groups.
The aim of our work was to study complex forma-
tion of platinum(II) and platinum(IV) with various
pyridine-substituted cyclotriphosphazenes, to identify
the resulting complexes, and to study hydrolytic trans-
formations of pentaphenoxy(3-pyridylmethylamino)-
cyclotriphosphazene (L2). As subjects for study we
took five various pyridine-substituted cyclotriphos-
phazenes (L1-L5) and one polymeric phosphazene (L6)
of the general formula N3P3(OPh)xRy [x = 5, y = 1; R =
In this work we studied cyclotriphosphazenes con-
taining pyridylalkylamino groups. Pyridine-substituted
phosphazenes were first obtained and characterized
by Diefenbach et al. [8, 9]. The structures of Cu(II),
Co(II), and Pt(II) complexes with pentaphenoxy(2-
pyridylmethylamino)cyclotriphosphazene (L1) were
2-pyridylmethylamino (L1), 3-pyridylmethylamino
(L2), 2-pyridylethylamino (L3); x = 4, y = 2, R = 2-py-
ridylmethylamino (gem) (L4); x = 2, y = 4, R = 2-pyri-
dylmethylamino (gem) (L5); x = y = n/3, R = 3-pyri-
dylmethylamino (50%) and phenoxy (50%) (L6)].
535

536
SIMANOVA et al.
PhO
OPh
OPh
PhO
PhO
OPh
OPh
N
P
OPh
PhO
PhO
N
OPh
OPh
P
PhO
PhO
P
N
P
P
P
N
P
P
P
OPh
PhO
P
P
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
N
P
HN CH2
H2C NH
N
PhO
HN CH2
PhO
HN CH2
PhO
HN CH2
CH2
N
N
N
N
L1
L2
L3
L4
N
N
H2C
OPh
P=N
NH
OPh
P=N
NH
HN
HN
PhO
PhO
N
P
P
P
n
N
N
H2C
H2C
N
H2C
N
HN CH2
H2C NH
N
N
L5
L6
The starting platinum compounds were the pla-
tinum(II) and platinum(IV) aceto- and propionitrile
complexes [Pt(EtCN)2Cl2], [Pt(MeCN)2Cl2],
[Pt(EtCN)2Cl4], and [Pt(MeCN)2Cl4]. The choice of
these very starting compounds was caused by two
factors: their high solubility in organic solvents
(especially of cis-[Pt(EtCN)2Cl2]) and lability of the
nitrile ligands in substitution reactions.
the yield of the complex, the reaction was performed
with the better soluble platinum(II) propionitrile
complex.
In the IR spectra of the compounds, the band of
the pyridine CN bond is shifted from 1580 1590 (free
1
phosphazene) to 1600 1650 cm (complex), which
points, according to [8], to the coordination of the
pyridine nitrogen atom to the metal. The characteristic
bands in the IR spectra of platinum(II) complexes
with cyclotriphosphazenes and of free phosphazenes
are shown in Table 1. The 31P NMR spectra display a
nonshifted signal of the A2B type (Table 2), implying
that phosphazene nitrogen atoms do not participate in
Platinum(II) complexes with R-pentaphenoxycyclo-
triphosphazenes L1 L3 were synthesized. The isolated
compounds [PtLnCl2] were characterized by NMR and
IR spectroscopy, FAB mass spectrometry, thin-layer
chromatography, CHN analysis, and analysis for
platinum. The complexes were obtained by heating of
cis-[Pt(RCN)2Cl2] (R = Me, Et) with corresponding
phosphazene in a 1:1.1 ratio in acetonitrile or dichlo-
romethane at 40 50 C for several hours. To increase
1
complex formation. Table 2 lists the H and 31P NMR
spectra of [PtL3Cl2]. Evidence for the coordination is
provided by the upfield shift of all bands and also by
the fact that phosphazene CH2 protons become non-
1
Table 1. Characteristic vibration frequencies (cm ) in the IR spectra of R-pentaphenoxycyclotriphosphazenes and their
platinum(II) complexes
Assignment
(NH)
L1
[PtL1Cl2]
L2
[PtL2Cl2]
L3
3350
1590 s
1480 s
[PtL3Cl2]
3260 w
1580 s
1476 s
3293 w
1590 m
1488 s
3157 w
1585 s
1485 s
3420 w
1592 m
1490 s
3428 w
1589 m
1487 s
(CCarom
(CCarom
(PN)
)
)
1216 1112 v.s 1260 1177 v.s 1220 1120 v.s 1180 1120 v.s 1210 1120 v.s 1179 1164 v.s
(POarom
(CN)
)
940 s
1580
945 s
1612 m
940 s
1585
944 s
1652 m
940 s
1590
941 s
1605 m
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REACTIONS OF PLATINUM NITRILE COMPLEXES WITH CYCLOTRIPHOSPHAZENES
537
Table 2. NMR spectra of the complex [PtL3Cl2] and the phosphaze L3 (solvent CDCl3)
1H NMR spectrum, , ppm (J, Hz)
[PtL3Cl2] L3
31P NMR spectrum, P, ppm (J, Hz)
[PtL3Cl2] L3
(J 13.1), 9.4 (PA), 18.1
2.5 s (1H, HNCH2CH2), 2.8 t (2H, 2.8 t (2H, HNCH2CH2, J 7.5), 3.2 (1H, 7.65
d
HNCH2CH2), 3.1 d (1H, HNCH2, NH), 3.1 m (2H, HNCH2), 6.8 d (1H, CHPy, 7.12 s (PA), 21.3 d.d (PB)
J 14.4), 3.4 br.d (1H, NH, J 7.1), J 9.0), 7.1 t (1H, CHPy, J 9.0), 7.3 6.0 m (PB, J 74.1, 80.6)
4.9 t.d (1H, HNCH2, J 4.3, 14.4), (27H, CHarom/Py), 8.5 d (1H, CHPy, J 5.4)
6.9 d.d (4H, CHPy, J 7.3, 18.2), 7.7
7.2 m (24H, CHarom/Py), 9.2 d (1H,
CHPy, J 5.5)
equivalent. This nonequivalence can be accounted for
by closure of a nonplanar six-membered ring.
tained by the reactions of corresponding phosphazenes
and [Pt(RCN)2Cl2].
The reaction of cis-[Pt(EtCN)2Cl2] with penta-
The reactions of platinum(IV) complexes
[Pt(RCN)2Cl4] with cyclotriphosphazenes involved
reduction of platinum(IV) to platinum(II) to form
compounds [PtLnCl2] analogous to complexes ob-
phenoxy(2-pyridylmethylamino)cyclotriphosphazene
gave the complex [PtL1Cl2] which was earlier pre-
pared from PtCl2 and studied by X-ray diffraction [9].
PhO
PhO
PhO
PhO
PhO
PhO
P
N
N
N
N
P
P
OPh
OPh
OPh
OPh
OPh
OPh
N
P
N
P
N
P
P
P
N
N
P
PhO
Pt
PhO
PhO
Pt
NH
N
CH2
CH2
NH
NH
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
Cl
CH2
CH2
Pt
N
N
PtL1Cl2
PtL2Cl2
PtL3Cl2
To find out whether the phosphazene ligand is
readily replaced by such a typical chelating ligand as
o-phenanthroline, we mixed solutions of o-phenanthro-
line and [PtL1Cl2] (or [PtL3Cl2]) in chloroform (mole
ratio 1:1). We expected that the very stable com-
pound [Pt(Phen)Cl2] insoluble in usual solvents would
precipitate. However, no precipitate appeared even
when the reaction mixture was heated to the boiling
point of the solvent. This result suggests that the
phosphazene complex is fairly stable.
products, and an aminopyridine complex formed. The
IR spectrum of the reaction product contained, instead
of a weak amino (NH) band in the region of 3300
1
3400 cm , a medium-intensity band at 3201 cm 1 and
1
a medium-intensity (CCarom) band at 1483 cm ,
1
whereas strong bands at 1200 1120 (PN) and 940 cm
(POarom) were absent.
The destruction of the ligand under the action of
molecular chlorine on platinum(II) complexes can be
accounted for in light of the review [10] devoted to
ligand oxidation and/or cleavage reactions.
According to IR data, when the complexes [PtL1Cl2]
and [PtL3Cl2] were chlorinated in chloroform with the
purpose to synthesize platinum(IV) phosphazene
complexes, phosphazene was absent from the reaction
Reactions of platinum complexes with cyclotriphos-
phazenes containing two and more pyridylmethyl-
amino groups were studied. We failed to isolate a
RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF GENERAL CHEMISTRY Vol. 76 No. 4 2006

538
SIMANOVA et al.
compound with a definite composition in the reaction
of diphenoxytetrakis(2-pyridylmethylamino)cyclotri-
phosphazene (L5) with cis-[Pt(EtCN)2Cl2].
phosphazenes are not hydrolyzed, and the 31P NMR
spectrum of the complex [PtL1Cl2] in acetone-d6 does
not change with time.
The reaction of cis-[Pt(EtCN)2Cl2] with gem-tetra-
phenoxy(2-pyridylmethylamino)cyclotriphosphazene
L4 in a 1:1 molar ratio involved complete destruction
EXPERIMENTAL
The IR spectra were measured on a Nicolet SXC-5
spectrometer in KBr. The NMR spectra were recorded
on Jeol LA-400 (31P, 162 MHz, external standard),
1
of the phosphazene ring. According to H NMR and
31P data, the reaction products are a platinum(II)
complex with 2-pyridylmethylamine coordinated in a
bidentate fashion, and phosphoric acid. This It agrees
with published data. The complex [Cu(NH2CH2Py)2
(NO3)2] was prepared previously [11] by the reaction
of gem-2-(pyridylmethylamino)tetrachlorocyclotri-
phosphazene with copper(II) nitrate.
Bruker AM-250 (1H and 13C), and Bruker WM-360
(31P, 145 MHz, external standard). The mass spectra
were taken on EI-Varian MAT-711 and Varian MAT-
112 mass spectrometers. The FAB(+) spectra were
obtained on a Varian MAT-CH5 instrument. The
elemental analysis (C, H, N) was carried out on a
Perkin Elmer CHN-Analyzer-240 instrument. Analysis
for platinum was performed by a known procedure
involving sulfuric acid digestion.
Analysis of the NMR spectra of the free cyclotri-
phosphazenes and above-described complexes showed
that the integral intensity of phenyl signals is much
lower than expected by calculations. The 31P NMR
spectra of the phosphazenes contain two groups of
signals instead of two expected A2B peaks. In the
chromatogram of solutions of the complexes in chloro-
form and dichloromethane, there are several spots
with Rf values so close to each other that they are
The phosphazene ligands were obtained by the
procedure in [8] and platinum nitrile complexes
[Pt(RCN)2Cl2], by the known procedure [12]. Chloro-
form was dried over molecular sieves according to the
procedure in [13].
extremely difficult to separate (eluent acetone chloro-
form in various ratios). Elemental analysis gave
slightly overestimated platinum contents and under-
estimated carbon contents. Such discrepancy can be
connected with the known tendency of pyridine-
substituted phosphazenes for hydrolysis [8, 9];
however, hydrolysis products for the phosphazenes
under discussion have not been described in the
literature. Our data point to cleavage of phenol in the
presence of traces of moisture.
To develop the procedure for preparing complexes,
we tried to heat the ligand L1 with the complexes
[Pt(MeCN)2Cl2], [Pt(QuinS)2] (QuinS = 8-mercapto-
quinoline), [Pt(PPh3)2Cl2], and [Pt(Py)2Cl2] to sub-
stitute their ligands by L1. The starting complexes
(10 mg) were dissolved in acetonitrile, chloroform,
acetonitrile chloroform (1:1), and chloroform, res-
pectively. A solution of phosphazene (10 mg in a few
drops of chloroform) was added to the resulting solu-
tion, and the reaction mixture was heated for 30 min
at 50 C. It is only with the starting platinum(II) aceto-
nitrile complex that noticeable reaction occurred (the
solution changed color and a new spot appeared in the
chromatogram). Nevertheless, all solutions were
evaporated, washed out with CCl4 to remove un-
reacted phosphazene, and dried. The IR spectra gave
evidence to show that phosphazene coordination took
place with [Pt(MeCN)2Cl2] only.
N3P3(OPh)5(NHCH2Py) + H2O
N3P3(OPh)x(OH)y(NHCH2Py) + PhOH,
x = 0 5, y = 5
x.
By 31P NMR spectroscopy we found that even
starting phosphazenes dissolved in deuterochloroform
dried over molecular sieves partially hydrolyzed on
storage.
All further reactions were carried out with pla-
tinum(II) and platinum(IV) nitrile complexes [14, 15].
We tried to isolate products of complete hydrolysis
using phosphazene L2 as an example. To this end, we
dissolved 50 mg of L2 in acetone-d6, added a little of
water, and recorded 31P NMR spectra every 10 min.
The intensity of spectral signals corresponding to
hydroxyphenoxyphosphazene derivatives increased
within 3 h, and further the spectral pattern remained
unchanged. Even when the solution was let to stand
for a month, phenoxy groups were not completely
replaced by hydroxyls, and the phosphazene rings did
not decompose. Under these conditions, coordinated
Dichloropentaphenoxy(2-pyridylmethylamino)-
cyclotriphosphazeneplatinum(II) [PtL1Cl2]. a. A
solution of 85 mg of pentaphenoxy(2-pyridylmethyl-
amino)cyclotriphosphazene in 2 ml of dichloromethane
was added to a solution of 40 mg of [Pt(EtCN)2Cl2] in
2 ml of dichloromethane. The reaction mixture was
heated for 4 h at 50 C. After cooling, the solution was
filtered, and the solvent was removed. The oily orange
residue was recrystallized from dichloromethane ether
mixture. Yield 39.2 mg (37%), yellow transparent
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REACTIONS OF PLATINUM NITRILE COMPLEXES WITH CYCLOTRIPHOSPHAZENES
539
crystals, mp 190 C. Mass spectrum (M 973.6), m/z:
974 [M + H], 938 [M HCl], 902 [M 2HCl], 708,
600, 507, 383, 307, 217, 154, 107, 77. Found, %: C
42.27; H 3.25; N 7.13; Pt 20.98. C36H32Cl2N5O5P3Pt.
Calculated, %: C 44.39; H 3.28; N 7.19; Pt 20.04.
mixture was heated for 4 h, then evaporated, and the
oily residue was recrystallized from acetone toluene
(1:1). Yield 56 mg (17%). Found, %: C 44.01; H
3.45; N 7.64. C36H32Cl2N5O5P3Pt. Calculated, %:
C 44.39; H 3.28; N 7.19.
b. To 0.3 g of the complex [Pt(MeCN)2Cl2] in 4 ml
of acetonitrile, a solution of 0.761 g of pentaphenoxy-
(2-pyridylmethylamino)cyclotriphosphazene in 6 ml
of acetonitrile was added. The reaction mixture was
heated for 1.5 h at 55 60 C. The solution was eva-
porated to a minimal volume, its color changed from
dark red from lemon yellow. To the resulting oily
substance, 10 ml of chloroform benzene (1:1) was
added, and the solution was left for crystallization for
several days. The crystals that formed were washed
with chloroform benzene. Yield 120 mg (25%).
Dichloropentaphenoxy(2-pyridylethylamino)-
cyclotriphosphazeneplatinum(II) [PtL3Cl2]. The
complex [Pt(MeCN)2Cl2], 0.3 g, was dissolved with
slight heating ( 30 C) in 10 ml of acetonitrile, and a
heated solution of 0.762 g of pentaphenoxy(2-pyridyl-
ethylamino)cyclotriphosphazene in 20 ml of aceto-
nitrile was added dropwise to the resulting solution.
The mixture was heated for 30 min at 60 C; there-
with, its color changed from pale yellow to bright
yellow. The solution was evaporated to a minimal
volume. The residue was separated on a column of
silica gel Chemapol L 40/100 m, eluent acetone
chloroform (1:5). Crystals were grown from the
middle fraction (Rf 0.8). Yield 194 mg (22.8%), mp
c. A solution of 0.258 g of pentaphenoxy(2-pyri-
dylmethylamino)cyclotriphosphazene in 10 ml of
acetonitrile was gradually added with stirring and
heating at 60 C to a solution of 0.125 g of
[Pt(MeCN)2Cl4] in 5 ml of acetonitrile. The resulting
solution was heated for 3 h. The pale yellow color of
the solution changed to dark red. Crystals of the
complex were isolated from dichloromethane hexane.
Yield 52 mg (16%).
145 C. Mass spectrum (M 987.1), m/z: 988 [M + H],
951 [M HCl], 915 [M 2 HCl], 722, 600, 307, 217,
154, 136, 107, 89, 77. Found, %: C 45.15; H 3.50; N
6.94; Pt 19.60. C37H34Cl2N5O5P3Pt. Calculated, %:
C 45.00; H 3.47; N 7.09; Pt 19.75.
Dichloropentaphenoxy(2-pyridylmethoxy)cyclo-
triphosphazeneplatinum(II) [PtL6Cl2]. The complex
[Pt(EtCN)2Cl4], 0.1 g, and 0.189 g of dichloropenta-
phenoxy(2-pyridylmethoxy)cyclotriphosphazene were
mixed, and 3 ml of chloroform was added to the mix-
ture. It was thoroughly stirred until both components
dissolved completely and then heated for 1.5 h at
50 C. The solvent was then removed, and the oily
residue was crystallized from dichloromethane
acetone chloroform toluene carbon tetrachloride
(1:1:1:1:1); Rf 0.75 (acetone chloroform, 1:3).
d. [Pt(EtCN)2Cl4], 0.1 g, was dissolved in 1 ml of
chloroform and mixed with a solution of 0.2 g of
pentaphenoxy(2-pyridylmethylamino)cyclotriphos-
phazene in 0.5 ml of chloroform. Within a few mi-
nutes, a yellow precipitate appeared, and the solution
turned orange. The reaction mixture was thoroughly
stirred and held without heating for one day. The next
day the precipitate was filtered off, washed with ether,
and dried in air (yellow powder of [PtCl2L1]). Yield
15 mg (6%).
Yield 48 mg (19%), mp 161 C. Mass spectrum (M
974.6), m/z: 1969 [2M 2H + Na], 1911 [2M HCl],
1875 [2M 2HCl], 1801 [2M 4HCl], 1459 [2M
4HCl L6], 1097 [2M 4HCl 2L6], 996 [M H +
Na], 974 [M], 938 [M HCl], 901 [M 2HCl]. Found,
%: C 44.28; H 3.23; N 5.67. C36H31Cl2N4O6P3Pt.
Calculated, %: C 44.37; H 3.21; N 5.75.
Dichloropentaphenoxy(3-pyridylmethylamino)-
cyclotriphosphazeneplatinum(II) [PtL2Cl2]. a. At-
tempts to obtain this complex by the reaction of
[Pt(MeCN)2Cl2] with the corresponding phosphazene
were unsuccessful.
b. [Pt(EtCN)2Cl2], 0.15 g, was dissolved in 2 ml
of chloroform, and 0.364 g of pentaphenoxy(3-pyri-
dylmethylamino)cyclotriphosphazene in 3 ml of chlo-
roform was added to the resulting solution. The mix-
ture was heated for 4 h at 50 C, the solution turned
intensively yellow. A little of acetone was added to
the solution, and the mixture was left for crystalliza-
tion (from acetone toluene).
Modification of the polymer [NP(OPh)R]n with
the complex Pt(EtCN)2Cl2. The complex [Pt(EtCN)2
Cl2], 0.1 g, and polymeric phosphazene [NP(OPh)R]n,
0.2 g, were mixed, and 2 ml dichloromethane was
added to the mixture with permanent stirring of the
resulting suspension. More dichloromethane (2 ml)
and 3 drops of ether were then added, and the mixture
was thoroughly stirred until complete dissolution, and
left. In a few minutes, a dense viscous precipitate,
probably of a polymeric complex, started to preci-
pitate. It was filtered off, washed with dichlorome-
c. A heated solution of 0.743 g of pentaphenoxy(3-
pyridylmethylamino)cyclotriphosphazene in 15 ml of
acetonitrile was added to a solution of 0.36 g of
[Pt(MeCN)2Cl4] in 10 ml of acetonitrile. The reaction
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540
SIMANOVA et al.
thane and ether, and dried. The compound is insoluble
in usual organic solvents and represents a light yellow
amorphous material. Yield 0.23 g. A broad band with
8. Diefenbach, U., Multifunktionelle Cyclo- und Poly-
phosphazene. Synthese, Koordinationschemie, Eigen-
schaften, Berlin: Wissenschaft und Technik, 1999,
1st ed.
1
its maximum at 330 cm is observed in the far IR
spectrum, which seems to point to the presence of a
Pt(II) Cl coordination bond in the complex. Found,
%: C 41.04; H 3.96; N 12.04; Pt 36.37.
9. Diefenbach, U., Kretschmann, M., and Stromburg, B.,
Chem. Ber., 1996, vol. 129, no. 8, p. 1573.
10. Vorob’ev-Desyatovskii, N.V. and Kukushkin, Yu.N.,
Koord. Khim., 1993, vol. 19, no. 6, p. 411.
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
11. Kretschmann, M. and Diefenbach, U., Z. Anorg. Allg.
Chem., 1998, vol. 624, no. 2, p. 335.
The work was supported by the Development of
the Scientific Potential of Higher School Departa-
mental Scientific Program.
12. Sintez kompleksnykh soedinenii metallov platinivoi
gruppy: Spravochnik (Synthesis of Complex Com-
pounds of Platinum Metals: Handbook), Chernya-
ev, I.I., Ed., Moscow: Nauka, 1964.
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