spectrometer. Fluorescence spectra were measured on a HITACHI
F-7000 spectrometer. Absolute quantum yield was measured using
an integrating sphere. All solutions for UV-vis absorption and
fluorescence spectral measurements were prepared in spectrograde
solvent.
General Procedure for Synthesis of 9,10-Bis(arylethynyl)-
anthracenes 2 (GP1). A solution of the corresponding terminal
alkyne (3 equiv), 9,10-dibromoanthracene (1.0 equiv), [Pd(PPh3)4]
(10-14 mol %), and CuI (24-29 mol %) in degassed diisopropyl-
amine (10 mL) and degassed THF (20 mL) was stirred at 80 °C
for 20 h under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was
diluted with CHCl3 and washed with saturated NaHCO3 aq. and
brine. The organic layer was dried over MgSO4. After removal
of the solvent under reduced pressure, the residue was purified
by chromatography on SiO2 to give the crude product. Further
purification was carried out by recyclable preparative HPLC.
2a (Ar = Ph)13 was obtained using phenylacetylene (4.53 mmol,
463 mg), 9,10-dibromoanthracene (1.50 mmol, 504 mg), [Pd-
(PPh3)4] (0.205 mmol, 238 mg), and CuI (0.43 mmol, 82 mg) by
Figure 1. UV-vis absorption and fluorescence spectra of ADN
and 3a in CH2Cl2.
Table 2. Optical properties of ADN and 3a-3da)
1
¹1
-
abs/nm (©103 ¾/M¹1 cm
)
-
em/nm
Φfb)
applying GP1; H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): ¤ 8.72-8.68 (m, 4H),
7.80-7.77 (m, 4H), 7.67-7.63 (m, 4H), 7.49-7.41 (m, 6H).
13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): ¤ 132.08, 131.68, 128.69, 128.56,
127.24, 126.81, 123.41, 118.45, 102.39, 86.47.
ADN
3a
3b
3c
3d
358 (8.4), 376 (13.5), 397 (12.7)
361 (7.8), 380 (12.8), 402 (12.2)
362 (8.5), 381 (14.3), 403 (13.7)
366 (7.1), 378 (18.3), 399 (18.0)
359 (11.2), 377 (18.3), 400 (19.1)
427
0.54
0.36
0.50
0.37
0.39
421, 441
420, 440
432
2b (Ar = 4-MeOC6H4)14 was obtained using 4-ethynylanisole
(4.39 mmol, 580 mg), 9,10-dibromoanthracene (1.60 mmol, 538
mg), [Pd(PPh3)4] (0.202 mmol, 233 mg), and CuI (0.40 mmol, 76
433
a) ADN (c = 2.21 © 10¹5 M), 3a (c = 2.40 © 10¹5 M), 3b (c =
1.00 © 10¹5 M), 3c (c = 2.28 © 10¹5 M), 3d (c = 2.12 © 10¹5 M).
b) Absolute quantum yield measured using an integrating sphere.
1
mg) by applying GP1; H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): ¤ 8.68 (dd,
J = 6.8, 3.2 Hz, 4H), 7.73-7.71 (m, 4H), 7.63 (dd, J = 6.6, 3.4 Hz,
4H), 6.98 (d, J = 8.8 Hz, 4H), 3.89 (s, 6H). 13C NMR (100 MHz,
CDCl3): ¤ 159.96, 133.16, 131.95, 127.29, 126.61, 118.43, 115.59,
114.20, 102.42, 85.36, 55.40.
volumetric flasks at ambient temperature on the working bench.
The results of the UV-vis spectra of 3 and ADN are shown in
Figures S4-S7. The intensity of the absorption peaks correspond-
ing to the anthracene framework (around 380 nm) in UV-vis
spectra of ADN clearly decreased over time. On the other hand,
in the case of 3, the intensity of the absorption peaks did not
remarkably change for nearly 2 months. These results indicated
that 3 was much more light- and air-stable than ADN.
In conclusion, the 9,10-bis(3-aryl-2-naphthyl)anthracenes 3
were prepared by the benzannulation reaction of 2-(phenyl-
ethynyl)benzaldehyde (1) and the corresponding 9,10-bis(aryl-
ethynyl)anthracenes 2 in the presence of Cu(OTf)2 or [ReCl(CO)5]
complexes as catalysts and trichloroacetic acid as proton source.
The photophysical properties of 3 in solution are similar to those of
ADN. Based on the stability experiment, the aryl-substituted ADN
derivatives 3 were much more stable than ADN. These results
clearly show that the sterically hindered ADN derivatives 3 are
very hopeful candidates for blue fluorescent dyes for application in
OLEDs and studies in this area are currently in progress.
2c (Ar = 3,5-di-t-BuC6H3) was obtained using 1,3-di-tert-butyl-
5-ethynylbenzene (3.28 mmol, 703 mg), 9,10-dibromoanthracene
(1.10 mmol, 370 mg), [Pd(PPh3)4] (0.112 mmol, 129 mg), and CuI
(0.26 mmol, 50 mg) by applying GP1; mp >300 °C. 1H NMR
(400 MHz, CDCl3): ¤ 8.74-8.72 (m, 4H), 7.67-7.65 (m, 4H), 7.61
(s, 4H), 7.51 (s, 2H), 1.41 (s, 36H). 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3):
¤ 151.12, 132.15, 127.37, 126.71, 125.91, 123.30, 122.42, 118.55,
103.43, 85.13, 34.93, 31.41. IR (KBr): 3072, 3056, 2963, 2902,
2867, 2197, 1589, 1449, 1435, 1391, 1362, 1247, 1219, 1202,
1092, 873, 765, 701 cm¹1. MS (FAB): 603 (M + H+). HRMS (EI):
calcd for C46H50: 602.3913. found 602.3918.
2d (Ar = 3,5-di-t-Bu-4-MeOC6H2) was obtained using 1,3-di-
tert-butyl-5-ethynyl-2-methoxybenzene (2.93 mmol, 716 mg),
9,10-dibromoanthracene (1.11 mmol, 373 mg), [Pd(PPh3)4] (0.114
mmol, 132 mg), and CuI (0.24 mmol, 50 mg) by applying GP1; mp
1
>300 °C. H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): ¤ 8.72-8.69 (m, 4H), 7.65
(s, 4H), 7.65-7.63 (m, 4H), 3.76 (s, 6H), 1.51 (s, 36H). 13C NMR
(100 MHz, CDCl3): ¤ 160.54, 144.34, 132.10, 130.14, 127.36,
126.64, 118.53, 117.75, 103.11, 84.95, 64.47, 35.85, 32.01. IR
(KBr): 3059, 2958, 2870, 2201, 1421, 1390, 1362, 1256, 1223,
1116, 1053, 1011, 888, 767, 693 cm¹1. MS (FAB): 663 (M + H+).
HRMS (EI): calcd for C48H5O2: 662.4124. found 662.4114.
General Procedure for Synthesis of 9,10-Bis(3-aryl-2-naph-
thyl)anthracenes 3 (GP2). A solution of 2-(phenylethynyl)benz-
aldehyde (1) (3 equiv), 9,10-bis(arylethynyl)anthracene 2 (1 equiv),
trichloroacetic acid (3 equiv), and Cu(OTf)2 or [ReCl(CO)5] (16
mol %) in ClCH2CH2Cl (5 mL) was heated at 80 °C for 20 h under
a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was diluted with
CHCl3 and washed with saturated NaHCO3 aq. and brine. The
organic layer was dried over MgSO4. After removal of the solvent
Experimental
General. FT-IR spectra were recorded on a JASCO FT/IR-
4100 instrument. H NMR spectra were recorded at 400 MHz and
1
13C NMR spectra at 100 MHz on JEOL a JNM-ECS-400 or a JEOL
JNM-AL400. Chemical shifts were reported in ppm relative to
tetramethylsilane or residual solvent as the internal standard. Mass
spectral analyses were performed on a JEOL JMS-700 spectrom-
eter for EI and FAB ionization. Preparative HPLC separation was
undertaken with a JAI LC-908 chromatograph using 600 mm © 20
mm JAIGEL-1H and 2H GPC columns with CHCl3 as an eluent.
UV-vis absorption spectra were recorded on a HITACHI U-2910
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