The Hydrogenation of 1,3-Butadiene over a Palladium Membrane

Article abstract of DOI:10.1246/bcsj.59.3935

The hydrogenation of 1,3-butadiene was carried out over a palladium membrane at 100 degC in two ways: (1) by hydrogen permeating the membrane, and (2) by hydrogen premixed in the gas phase.In the reactions using permeate hydrogen, hydrogenation at the higher pressures of butadiene was limited by the hydrogen permeation; namely, the rate was determined by the pressure of hydrogen upstream.The product composition was, at the same time, unchanged by the reaction rate.At the lower pressures of butadiene, the selectivity for butene formation was decreased with the decrease in the butadiene pressure, and the reaction rate was approximately equal to that when the premixed hydrogen was used over the β-phase membrane.The mechanism of the reaction using premixed hydrogen over the α-phase membrane was analyzed quantitatively by obtaining the dissolved hydrogen concentration from the measurement of the hydrogen-permeation rate from the reaction surface.It was elucidated that the reaction was limited by the hydrogen adsorption, the rate of which was affected by the presence of 1,3-butadiene, and that the reaction rate was much smaller than that when permeate hydrogen was used.