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40
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Fig. 6. Hydroformylation of isobutene in the presence of cataꢀ
lytic systems: 1, acacRh(CO)2—ethriolphosphite (homogeneous
conditions); 2, RhCl3—STPM; 3, RhCl3—STPP. Conditions:
Т = 90 °С, Р = 6 MPa (СО : Н2 = 1), [Rh] = 8.7•10–4 mol L–1
solvent pꢀxylene.
,
a rate close to that in homogeneous systems (Fig. 5),
whereas the hydroformylation of isobutylene in the presꢀ
ence of polymeric catalyst occurs with a rate much higher
than that in the case of homogeneous catalysis (Fig. 6).
The results of studying the stability of the catalytic
system showed that the rhodiumꢀcontaining polymeric
system retains its properties when stored in the environꢀ
ment of the synthesis gas at 200 °С, which is an advantage
of this system over homogeneous rhodium phosphite cataꢀ
lysts retaining their stability at temperatures not higher
than 120—130 °С.
Thus, the catalytic system based on RhCl3 and styrene
copolymer with 4ꢀNꢀpyrrolidinopyridine groups in the
main chain is capable of performing isobutene hydroꢀ
formylation to isovaleraldehyde under the conditions
where traditional homogeneous catalysts exhibit low acꢀ
tivity. The catalytic system retains its properties in a
series of successive cycles with intermediate catalyst sepaꢀ
ration from the reaction products.
References
1. P. Pino, F. Piacenti, and M. Bianchi, Organic Synthesis via
Metal Carbonyls, Eds I. Wender and P. Pino, Wiley, New
York, 1977, 2, 43—197.
Received July 5, 2004;
in revised form October 14, 2004