New Cleavable Surfactants Derived from Glucono-1,5-Lactone

Article abstract of DOI:10.1007/BF02541425

New amido nonionic cleavable surfactants were synthesized in good yields by the acetalization of glucono-1,5-lactone with octanal, 2-octanone or 2-undecanone, followed by amidation with monoethanolamine, diethanolamine or morpholine.These compounds possessed good water solubilities.The compounds derived from 2-octanone showed higher critical micelle concentrations than the compounds from octanal.For the same hydrophobic chain, both the micelle-forming property and the ability to lower surface tension increased with the change in the terminal amide group in the orderdiethanolamide < morpholide < monoethanolamide.Interestingly, in spite of their relatively short hydrophobic chains, these compounds showed greater ability to lower surface tension than conventional nonionic surfactants, such as alcohol ethoxylates.Furthermore, their acid-decomposition properties were determined.Their decomposition rates were also compared with that of the corresponding carboxylate type of compound derived from glucono-1,5-lactone. KEY WORDS: Acid-decomposition properties, cleavable surfactant, glucono-1,5-lactone, sugar-derived surfactant, surface-active properties.