Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering
Zygosaccharomyces rouxii JM-C46: isolation of strains and
process of repeated-batch Fermentation. J Ind Microbiol Biot
42:807–812
conversion rate of 43% after 23 h at 65 °C, in the presence
of 1 mM Co2+, and no by-product was observed. Under the
same conditions, Xu et al. [6] reported that the equilibrium
S. flexneri [7] and B. stearothermophilus IAM 11001 [22] l-
and 36% at 65 °C, respectively. These results imply that the
L. brevis l-AI catalyzes the conversion of d-galactose into
d-tagatose more efficiently.
7. Patel MJ, Akhani RC, Patel AT, Dedania SR, Patel DH (2017)
A single and two step isomerization process for d-tagatose and
l-ribose bioproduction using l-Arabinose isomerase and d-lyxose
Isomerase. Enzyme Microb Tech 97:27–33
8. Cheng LF, Mu WM, Zhang T, Jiang B (2010) An l-Arabinose
isomerase from Acidothermus cellulolytics ATCC 43068: clon-
ing, expression, purification, and characterization. Appl Microbiol
Biotechnol 86:1089–1097
9. Staudigl P, Haltrich D, Peterbauer CK (2014) l-Arabinose Isomer-
ase and d-Xylose Isomerase from Lactobacillus reuteri: Char-
acterization, coexpression in the food grade host Lactobacillus
plantarum, and application in the conversion of d-galactose and
d-glucose. J Agric Food Chem 62:1617–1624
Taken together, this is, to our knowledge, the first time
that the l-AI from L. brevis has been purified and charac-
terized. We established an efficient and robust purification
protocol for l-AI, which could be widely applied to other
enzymes. Our work opened up an exciting and appealing
way for d-tagatose production.
10. Manzo RM, Sousa MD, Fenoglio CL, Gonçalves LRB, Mam-
marella EJ (2015) Chemical improvement of chitosan-modified
beads for the immobilization of Enterococcus faecium DBFIQ
E36 l-Arabinose somerase through multipoint covalent attach-
ment approach. J Ind Microbiol Biot 42:1325–1340
Acknowledgements This research was supported by the State Ethnic
Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, China. We thank Pro-
fessor Shuxia Lv from Shenyang Agricultural University for helpful
discussions on this manuscript.
11. Lee DW, Choe EA, Kim SB, Eom SH, Hong YH, Lee SJ (2005)
Distinct metal dependence for catalytic and structural functions
in the l-Arabinose isomerases from the mesophilic Bacillus halo-
durans and the thermophilic Geobacillus stearothermophilu. Arch
Biochem Biophys 434:333–343
Funding This study was funded by the Doctoral Science Research
12. Yoon SH, Kim P, Oh DK (2003) Properties of l-Arabinose
isomerase from Escherichia coli as biocatalyst for tagatose pro-
duction. World J Microb Biot 19:47–51
Foundation of Liaoning Province of China (No. 20141111).
Compliance with ethical standards
13. Zhang H, Jiang B, Pan B (2007) Purification and characterization
of l-Arabinose isomerase from Lactobacillus plantarum produc-
ing d-tagatose. World J Microb Biot 23:641–646
Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of
interest.
14. Suzuki S, Nira HK, Suganuma H, Suzuki C, Saito T, Yajima
N (2014) Cellular fatty acid composition and exopolysaccha-
ride contribute to bile tolerance in Lactobacillus brevis strains
isolated from fermented Japanese pickles. World J Microb Biot
60:183–191
Ethical approval This article does not contain any studies with animals
performed by any of the authors.
15. Guo Q, An YF, Yun JH, Yang MM, Magocha TA, Zhu JF, Xue
YB, Qi YL, Hossain Z, Sun WJ, Qi XH (2018) Enhanced d-taga-
tose production by spore surface-displayed l-arabinose isomerase
from isolated Lactobacillus brevis PC16 and biotransformation.
Bioresour Technol 247:940–946
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