RSC Advances
Communication
¨
9 S. Wittmann, A. Schatz, R. N. Grass, W. J. Stark and O. Reiser,
Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 2010, 49, 1867–1870.
10 J. Mondal, T. Sen and A. Bhaumik, Dalton Trans., 2012, 41,
6173–6181.
General procedure for Suzuki reaction
A mixture of aryl halide (1 mmol), arylboronic acid (1.5 mmol),
K2CO3 (2.0 mmol), DMF/H2O as solvent (4.0 mL, v/v ¼ 1 : 1) and
the catalyst (0.01 g) was added to a round bottom ask. The
mixture of reaction was stirred at 100 ꢀC, in an air atmosphere
for the required time to complete the reaction. When the reac-
tion was completed, the reaction was cooled and added 25 mL
Et2O to the solution, the organic phase was washed with water
(2 ꢂ 10 mL) and evaporated the solvent. The residual of reaction
was puried by ash chromatography to provide the pure
coupling products. The catalyst separated magnetically by using
external magnet. The catalyst was washed with H2O, Et2O and
recovered.
11 X. Jin, K. Zhang, J. Sun, J. Wang, Z. Dong and R. Li, Catal.
Commun., 2012, 26, 199–203.
12 A. R. Moosavi-Zare, M. A. Zolgol, V. Khakyzadeh,
¨
C. Bottcher, M. H. Beyzavi, A. Zare, A. Hasaninejad and
R. Luque, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2014, 2, 770.
13 M. A. Zolgol, A. R. Moosavi-Zare, P. Moosavi, V. Khakyzadeh
and A. Zare, C. R. Chim., 2013, 16, 962–966.
14 M. A. Zolgol, V. Khakyzadeh, A. R. Moosavi-Zare,
A. Rostami, A. Zare, N. Iranpoor, M. H. Beyzavi and
R. Luque, Green Chem., 2013, 15, 2132.
15 A. Alizadeh, M. M. Khodaei, M. Beygzadeh, D. Kordestani
and M. Feyzi, Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 2012, 33, 2546–2552.
16 Y.-S. Lin and C. L. Haynes, Chem. Mater., 2009, 21, 3979–
3986.
17 Y. Deng, Y. Cai, Z. Sun, J. Liu, C. Liu, J. Wei, W. Li, C. Liu,
Y. Wang and D. Zhao, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2010, 132, 8466–
8473.
18 L. M. Rossi, I. M. Nangoi and N. J. S. Costa, Inorg. Chem.,
2009, 48, 4640–4642.
19 P. D. Stevens, J. Fan, H. M. R. Gardimalla, M. Yen and Y. Gao,
Org. Lett., 2005, 7, 2085–2088.
General procedure for Mizoroki–Heck reaction
To a ask, a mixture of Pd-nanocatalysts (0.05 g), aryl halide (1
mmol), n-butyl acrylate (1.5 mmol) or styrene (1.5 mmol) and
DABCO (1.5 mmol) were added and heated at 140 ꢀC under
solvent-free conditions. Aer the completion of the reaction as
monitored by TLC analysis, ethylacetate (10 mL) was added to
the ask. The magnetic nanoparticles were separated by
absorbing on the magnetic stirring bar. Water (3 ꢂ 15 mL) was
added to the ethylacetate phase and decanted. The organic layer
was dried over anhydrous Na2SO4. Aer evaporation of the
solvent, the resulted crude products were puried by column
chromatography (hexane/ethylacetate) giving the pure products
in excellent yields.
20 M. Zhu and G. Diao, J. Phys. Chem., 2011, 24743–24749.
21 B. Karimi and D. Enders, Org. Lett., 2006, 8, 1237–1240.
22 D. Elhamifar, B. Karimi, J. Rastegar and M. H. Banakar,
ChemCatChem, 2013, 5, 2418–2424.
Acknowledgements
23 N. Miyaura and A. Suzuki, Chem. Rev., 1995, 2457–2483.
24 A. F. Littke and G. C. Fu, Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. Engl., 2002,
41, 4176–4211.
25 S. Qu, H. Yang, D. Ren, S. Kan, G. Zou, D. Li and M. Li, J.
Colloid Interface Sci., 1999, 215, 190–192.
26 J. Mazaleyrat, K. Wright, M. Wakselman, F. Formaggio,
M. Crisma and C. Toniolo, Eur. J. Org. Chem., 2001, 1821–
1829.
The authors gratefully acknowledge the Bu-Ali Sina and
Research Council, University of British Columbia and Center of
Excellence in Development of Environmentally Friendly
Methods for Chemical Synthesis (CEDEFMCS), for providing
support to this work.
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40042 | RSC Adv., 2014, 4, 40036–40042
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