10.1021/om100819q
The research focuses on the synthesis and characterization of a heteroleptic palladium(II) complex containing a bidentate carbene/amido ligand and 3-(trifluoromethyl)-5-(2-pyridyl)pyrazolate, which serves as an efficient catalyst in the Heck coupling reaction. The experiments involve a multicomponent reaction between PdCl2, fppzH, and [LH1H2]Cl in the presence of K2CO3 to prepare PdL(fppz) with good yield. The synthesized palladium and platinum complexes were characterized using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and elemental analyses. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was also employed to indicate the electron richness of the palladium atoms in PdL(fppz). The catalytic performance of the complexes was evaluated in Heck coupling reactions with various aryl halides and alkenes, using conditions such as light palladium loading, temperature, and microwave heating to optimize the reaction yields and activation times.
10.1002/zaac.201500625
The study investigates the catalytic activity of two palladium(II) complexes, [PdCl(ppy)(IMes)] (4) and [PdCl(ppy){(CN)2IMes}] (6), in the Mizoroki-Heck reaction, a crucial cross-coupling reaction in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and natural products. These complexes feature different N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands, IMes and (CN)2IMes, with the latter having a higher π-acceptor strength. The purpose of the study is to evaluate how the π-acceptor strength of the NHC ligands affects the catalytic performance of the complexes. The chemicals used include palladium(II) chloride, 2-phenylpyridine, 1,3-bis(mesityl)imidazol-2-ylidene (IMes), 4,5-dicyano-1,3-bis(mesityl)imidazol-2-ylidene ((CN)2IMes), and aryl halides, which serve as substrates in the Mizoroki-Heck reaction. The study aims to develop more effective precatalysts for this reaction by understanding the influence of the NHC ligands' electronic properties on the reaction's efficiency.
10.1021/jo00280a009
The research focuses on the synthesis and study of certain organic compounds, particularly those related to trichothecenes and C-glycoside antibiotics. The primary purpose is to understand the reactivity and structure of these compounds, which have potential applications in areas such as protein synthesis inhibition and antibiotic activity. Key chemicals used in the research include methoxyguanidine, cyanamide, palladium chloride, and various solvents like acetonitrile and dichloromethane. The study employs techniques such as X-ray analysis, NMR spectroscopy, and palladium-assisted cyclizations. The conclusions drawn from the research highlight the importance of the spatial arrangement and the influence of functional groups on the reactivity of these compounds. For instance, the study demonstrates that the reactivity of compound 2 under certain conditions can be explained by both spatial and thermodynamic arguments. Additionally, the synthesis of C-glycoside analogues like 8-ethenyl-1-hydroxy-4-(β-D-ribofuranosyl)benzo[d]naphtho[1,2-b]pyran-6-one suggests that the presence of specific functional groups, such as the 1-hydroxy and 8-vinyl substituents, are crucial for bioactivity, although the carbohydrate moieties also play significant roles in the overall antibiotic action.
10.1021/acs.joc.7b02433
The research presents a novel and efficient method for synthesizing phthalimides using a palladium-catalyzed oxidative carbonylation reaction. The primary purpose of this study is to develop a more atom- and step-economical approach to phthalimide synthesis, which are important structural motifs in many drug candidates. The key innovation lies in the use of self-sufficient directing groups and nucleophiles generated in situ. Specifically, the imine formed from the condensation of aldehyde and amine serves as the directing group, while water (H2O) acts as the nucleophile. This method allows for the rapid and efficient construction of various phthalimide derivatives, including medicinally and biologically active compounds, from readily available materials in a one-pot manner. The study concludes that this approach is highly atom- and step-economical, aligning with the principles of green chemistry. It also demonstrates the synthetic utility of the resultant phthalimides through further transformations, such as reduction, hydrazine hydration, and aminolysis. The key chemicals used in the research include palladium chloride (PdCl2), copper oxide (CuO), carbon monoxide (CO), and a variety of aryl-substituted benzaldehydes and amines. The study highlights the potential of this method for the synthesis of bioactive compounds and its compatibility with different functional groups, suggesting broad applications in pharmaceutical and organic chemistry.
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