Diethyl ether

Base Information

• Chemical Name: Diethyl ether
• CAS No.: 60-29-7
• Deprecated CAS: 74446-43-8,7578-39-4,927820-24-4,1480389-44-3,7578-39-4,927820-24-4
• Molecular Formula: C4H10O
• Molecular Weight: 74.1228
• Hs Code.: 2909 11 00
• European Community (EC) Number: 200-467-2
• ICSC Number: 0355
• NSC Number: 100036
• UN Number: 1155
• UNII: 0F5N573A2Y
• DSSTox Substance ID: DTXSID3021720
• Nikkaji Number: J1.925I
• Wikipedia: Diethyl ether
• Wikidata: Q202218
• NCI Thesaurus Code: C29819
• RXCUI: 1363043
• Metabolomics Workbench ID: 52129
• ChEMBL ID: CHEMBL16264
• Mol file: 60-29-7.mol

Synonyms:Ether(6CI);Ethyl ether (8CI);1,1'-Oxybisethane;3-Oxapentane;Anaesthetic ether;Anesthesia ether;Anesthetic ether;Diethyl oxide;Ethoxyethane;Ethyl oxide;NSC 100036;Pronarcol;Sulfuric ether;Ethyl ether;Ethane, 1,1'-oxybis-;

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Chemical Property of Diethyl ether

Chemical Property:

• Appearance/Colour: Colourless liquid
• Vapor Pressure: 28.69 psi ( 55 °C)
• Melting Point: -116 °C
• Refractive Index: n20/D 1.3530(lit.)
• Boiling Point: 33.177 °C at 760 mmHg
• Flash Point: -45 °C
• PSA: 9.23000
• Density: 0.734 g/cm³
• LogP: 1.04280
• Storage Temp.: Store at RT.
• Solubility.: Soluble in water, miscible with ethanol (96 per cent), with methylene chloride and with fatty oils. It is highly flammable.
• Water Solubility.: 69 g/L (20 ºC)
• XLogP3: 0.9
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 0
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 1
• Rotatable Bond Count: 2
• Exact Mass: 74.073164938
• Heavy Atom Count: 5
• Complexity: 11.1
• Transport DOT Label: Flammable Liquid

Purity/Quality:

Safty Information:

• Pictogram(s): F+, Xn, T
• Hazard Codes: F+,Xn,T,F
• Statements: 12-19-22-66-67-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11
• Safety Statements: 9-16-29-33-45-36/37-7

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Total 1 MSDS from other Authors

Useful:

• Chemical Classes: Solvents -> Ethers (
• Canonical SMILES: CCOCC
• Recent NIPH Clinical Trials: Effects of beraprost sodium sustained-release tablet on improvement of insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes with obesity in a Double-Blinded, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.
• Inhalation Risk: A harmful contamination of the air can be reached rather quickly on evaporation of this substance at 20 °C.
• Effects of Short Term Exposure: The substance is irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract. If this liquid is swallowed, aspiration into the lungs may result in chemical pneumonitis. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system. This may result in narcosis.
• Effects of Long Term Exposure: The substance defats the skin, which may cause dryness or cracking. The substance may have effects on the central nervous system. May cause addiction.
• Description: Diethyl ether is a component of starting fluids and is used as a solvent in the manufacture of synthetic dyes and plastics. Because of its characteristics, diethyl ether was widely used in many countries as an anesthetic agent, but was then replaced by other substances in the 1960s.
• Physical properties: Colorless, hygroscopic, volatile liquid with a sweet, pungent odor. Odor threshold concentration is 330 ppb (quoted, Keith and Walters, 1992).
• Uses: Ethyl ether is used as a solvent for fats, oils,waxes, gums, perfumes, and nitrocellulose;in making gun powder; as an anesthetic; andin organic synthesis. Ether was applied topically, inhaled, and consumed for medical purposes well before it was used as an anesthetic. Ether is only slightly soluble in water (6.9%), but it is a good solvent for nonpolar organic compounds. Approximately 65% of ether production is used as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, gums, resins, nitrocellulose, natural rubber, and other organics. As a solvent, it is used as an extracting agent for plant and animal compounds in the production of pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. Another 25% of total ether production is used in chemical synthesis. It is an intermediate used in the production of monoethanolamine (MEA, C2H7NO). Ether is used in the production of Grignard reagents. A Grignard reagent has the general form RMgX, where R is an alkyl or aryl group and X is a halogen. Grignard reagents are widely used in industrial organic synthesis. A Grignard reagent is typically made by reacting a haloalkane with magnesium in an ether solution, for example, CH3I + MgCH3MgI. Ether is a common starting fluid, especially for diesel engines. Diethyl ether has been used extensively as a general anesthetic. ethyl ether is a solvent that may cause skin irritation. Although considered a non-comedogenic raw material, it is rarely used in cosmetics. Solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, gums. Excellent solvent for nitrocellulose when mixed with alcohol. Important reagent in organic syntheses, especially in Grignard and Wurtz type reactions. Easily removable extractant of active principles (hormones, etc.) from plant and animal tissues. In the manufacture of gun powder. As primer for gasoline engines.

Technology Process of Diethyl ether

There total 692 articles about Diethyl ether which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield: 91.0%

ethanol (64-17-5) + 1,3-bis(p-nitrophenyl)-2-thia-1,3-diazaallene (15148-19-3) → diethyl ether (60-29-7,927820-24-4) + diethyl sulphite (623-81-4) + 4-nitro-aniline (100-01-6,104810-17-5)

Guidance literature:

With copper dichloride; for 24h; Product distribution; Ambient temperature; other reagent;

Reference yield: 36.7%

ethanol (64-17-5) → diethyl ether (60-29-7,927820-24-4) + (E/Z)-2-buten-1-ol (6117-91-5,542-72-3) + ethene (74-85-1) + acetaldehyde (75-07-0,9002-91-9) + buta-1,3-diene (106-99-0,130983-70-9,29406-96-0,9003-17-2) + butan-1-ol (71-36-3)

Guidance literature:

With deficient carbonate-containing hydroxyapatites (HapD); at 400 ℃; Overall yield = 62.1 %; Catalytic behavior; Inert atmosphere;

DOI:10.1039/c5cy00327j

Reference yield: 11.4%

ethanol (64-17-5) → diethyl ether (60-29-7,927820-24-4) + (E/Z)-2-buten-1-ol (6117-91-5,542-72-3) + ethene (74-85-1) + acetaldehyde (75-07-0,9002-91-9) + butyraldehyde (123-72-8) + buta-1,3-diene (106-99-0,130983-70-9,29406-96-0,9003-17-2) + butan-1-ol (71-36-3)

Guidance literature:

With stoichiometric carbonate-containing hydroxyapatites (Hap); at 400 ℃; Overall yield = 65.1 %; Catalytic behavior; Inert atmosphere;

DOI:10.1039/c5cy00327j

upstream raw materials:

diazomethane

methanol

furfural

phenyl isocyanate

Downstream raw materials:

cyclohexylethan-1-ol

2-(4-Fluorophenyl)ethanol

n-butanethiol

thiophenol

Refernces

• 1、 Mahmoud, Hala R.. "Novel amorphous mesoporous 0.25Cr2O3–0.75ZrO2nanomaterials synthesized by a surfactant-assisted hydrothermal method for ethanol oxidation". . p. 954 - 963. Retrieved 2016.
• 2、 Kovalchuk,Kochkin,Sfihi,Zaitsev,Fraissard. "Oniumsilica-immobilized-Keggin acids: Acidity and catalytic activity for ethyl tert-butyl ether synthesis and acetic acid esterification with ethanol". . p. 247 - 257. Retrieved 2009.
• 3、 Hori,Oike,Hukusima. "-". . . Retrieved 1940.
• 4、 Evans,Sutton. "". . p. 794. Retrieved 1913.
• 5、 Bansal,Freeman. "-". . p. 4173. Retrieved 1970.
• 6、 Dabrowski et al.. "". . p. 297,309, 311. Retrieved 1970.
• 7、 Kremann. "". . p. 211,245, 275, 671. Retrieved 1910.
• 8、 Okada, Tomohiko,Mishima, Shozi,Yoshihara, Shingo. "One-pot synthesis of inorganic-organic hollow microsphere solid-acid catalysts in a W/O microemulsion system". . p. 32 - 33. Retrieved 2009.
• 9、 Greenwood, N. N.,McGinnety, J. A.,Owen, J. D.. "". . . Retrieved 1972.
• 10、 Ichikuni, Nobuyuki,Asakura, Kiyotaka,Iwasawa, Yasuhiro. "Preparation and Catalytic Properties of New SiO2-attached Nb-dimer Catalyst: Regulation of Acidity-Basicity by the number of Metal Atoms in Surface Active Sites". . p. 112 - 113. Retrieved 1991.