Synonyms:benzonitrile
99.0% *data from raw suppliers
Benzonitrile *data from reagent suppliers
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There total 2490 articles about Benzonitrile which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:
Reference yield: 93.0%
Reference yield: 91.0%
Reference yield: 50.0%
The study focuses on the synthesis and cardiac imaging of 18F-ligands that are selective for β1-adrenoreceptors, which play a crucial role in heart function and are associated with various cardiac diseases. The researchers aimed to develop radioligands for imaging cardiac β1-AR using PET scans, as no optimal radioligands were available at the time. They synthesized a series of potent and selective β1-adrenoreceptor ligands, labeled them with the PET radioisotope fluorine-18, and evaluated them in vivo in rats. The chemicals used in the study included ICI 89,406 and its derivatives, which served as the lead structures for developing new β1-AR selective ligands. The synthesized compounds were designed to have high affinity and selectivity for β1-AR in vitro, with the goal of achieving effective blockade of β1-AR during exercise in patients with angina pectoris. The study also involved the preparation of functionalized amines and substituted (S)-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)benzonitriles to create a diverse set of compounds. The purpose of these chemicals was to generate a series of 18F-labeled derivatives for in vivo imaging studies, with the aim of improving the noninvasive assessment of cardiac AR density, distribution, and occupancy, which could significantly aid in monitoring and treatment of various heart diseases.
The study focuses on the synthetic methodologies for the preparation of tri- and tetra-aryl diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) pigments and their derivatives. The researchers investigated various novel synthetic approaches, including direct arylation, acylation, and cyclization reactions, to synthesize DPPs with different aryl substitutions. Key chemicals used in the study include 3,6-diphenyl-DPP, 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrobenzene, N-arylbenzimidoyl chlorides, ethyl 2-aryl-4,5-dihydro-5-oxopyrrole-3-carboxylates, and benzonitrile. These chemicals served as starting materials, reagents, or intermediates in the synthesis of the target DPP pigments, which are known for their color strength, brightness, and low solubility in most solvents, making them useful as red pigments in commercial applications. The study aimed to develop new routes to synthesize DPPs with diverse N- and C-aryl substituents, which could potentially exhibit different properties and applications.
The study explores a direct method for the periodination of aromatic compounds using periodic acid (HIO?) and iodine in concentrated sulfuric acid. This method allows for the exhaustive iodination of unactivated aromatic substrates such as benzene, nitrobenzene, benzoic acid, chlorobenzene, phthalic anhydride, and toluene, converting them into their respective periodo derivatives. The study also reports the conversion of benzonitrile to pentaiodobenzamide. The direct periodination method is compared favorably to the existing mercuration/iododemercuration sequence in terms of reaction time and purity of products. The study highlights the versatility of the method, demonstrating that partially iodinated products can be obtained under less vigorous conditions. Additionally, the study discusses the limitations of the method, noting that certain activated aromatics and easily oxidized substrates do not fare well under these conditions. The research provides detailed experimental procedures and characterizations of the synthesized compounds, contributing to the field of organic chemistry by offering a more efficient route for the preparation of polyiodinated and periodinated aromatic compounds.
The research focuses on the utilization of hydrotalcite catalysis for the synthesis of novel chiral building blocks, specifically lactones 7 and 8, derived from carvone. The methodology involves a regioselective Baeyer–Villiger reaction using hydrogen peroxide as the oxidant and hydrotalcites as catalysts, which is considered green due to the lack of by-products other than water. The study compares different reaction conditions, including the use of AlCl3 and meta-chloroperbenzoic acid (m-CPBA) as oxidants, and evaluates the efficiency of the catalysts in terms of yield and selectivity. Reactants such as carvone, benzonitrile, and various catalysts were used, and the progress of reactions was monitored by thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Analyses of the synthesized compounds were conducted using techniques like infrared spectroscopy (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) to determine their structures and confirm their formation.
The research focuses on the utilization of a bifunctional frustrated Lewis pair (FLP), specifically 1-[bis(pentafluorophenyl)boryl]-3,5-di-tert-butyl-1H-pyrazole (1), for the fixation of carbon dioxide (CO2) and related small molecules. The study explores the reactivity of this FLP with CO2, paraformaldehyde, tert-butyl isocyanate, tert-butyl isothiocyanate, methyl isothiocyanate, benzonitrile, and phenylacetylene, resulting in the formation of zwitterionic, bicyclic boraheterocycles (adducts 3–8) and other complexes (adducts 9 and 10). The experiments involved treating the FLP with these reactants in toluene solutions, followed by stirring, solvent evaporation, and in some cases, washing with pentane to isolate the products. The molecular structures of the products were established using X-ray diffraction analyses, and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations at the M06-2X/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory were performed to understand the energetics of the CO2 fixation process. The analyses included NMR (1H, 13C, 11B, and 19F), IR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis to characterize the products and confirm the fixation of the small molecules.
The study presents the first synthesis of 5-cyanosalicylates through formal [3+3] cyclocondensations of 1,3-bis(silyloxy)-1,3-butadienes with 3-ethoxy- and 3-silyloxy-2-cyano-2-en-1-ones. The research focuses on the preparation of functionalized benzonitriles, which are important building blocks for fine chemical synthesis and are found in various dyes, pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, herbicides, and pesticides. The study details the synthesis process, which involves the use of titanium tetrachloride as a mediator for the cyclization reaction, leading to the formation of 5-cyanosalicylates with excellent regioselectivity. These compounds are not readily available through other methods, making this research significant for the synthesis of pharmacologically active products. The study also discusses the optimization of reaction conditions and provides a comprehensive analysis of the synthesized products using spectroscopic methods and X-ray crystal structure analyses.
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