Phosphine

Base Information Edit

Chemical Name:Phosphine
CAS No.:7803-51-2
Deprecated CAS:167076-44-0
Molecular Formula:H3P
Molecular Weight:33.9976
Hs Code.:
European Community (EC) Number:232-260-8
ICSC Number:0694
UN Number:2199
UNII:FW6947296I
DSSTox Substance ID:DTXSID2021157,DTXSID701318229
Nikkaji Number:J43.585F,J643.964K,J643.965I,J3.761C
Wikipedia:Phosphine
Wikidata:Q674,Q207877,Q27110342,Q27110349,Q457556
NCI Thesaurus Code:C163691
ChEMBL ID:CHEMBL2227836
Mol file:7803-51-2.mol

Synonyms:hydrogen phosphide;hydrogen phosphorus, PH3;phosphane;phosphine

Suppliers and Price of Phosphine

Supply Marketing:Edit

Business phase:: The product has achieved commercial mass production^*data from LookChem market partment

Manufacturers and distributors:

Manufacture/Brand
Chemicals and raw materials
Packaging
price

Sigma-Aldrich
Phosphine electronic grade, ≥99.9995%
50g
$ 5830.00

Sigma-Aldrich
Phosphine electronic grade, ≥99.9995%
10g
$ 1780.00

Total 11 raw suppliers

Chemical Property of Phosphine Edit

Chemical Property:

Appearance/Colour:colourless gas
Vapor Pressure:3905kPa at 25℃
Melting Point:-133.78oC
Boiling Point:-87.5oC(lit.)
PSA：13.59000
Density:1.15 (vs air)
LogP:0.05810
Water Solubility.:0.04 g/100 mL
XLogP3:-0.1
Hydrogen Bond Donor Count:0
Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count:0
Rotatable Bond Count:0
Exact Mass:33.997237093
Heavy Atom Count:1
Complexity:0
Transport DOT Label:Poison Gas Flammable Gas

Purity/Quality:

98%min ^*data from raw suppliers

Phosphine electronic grade, ≥99.9995% ^*data from reagent suppliers

Safty Information:

Pictogram(s): F+,T+,N
Hazard Codes:F+,T+,N
Statements: 12-17-26-34-50
Safety Statements: 28-36/37-45-61-63

MSDS Files:

SDS file from LookChem

Total 1 MSDS from other Authors

Useful:

Chemical Classes:Toxic Gases & Vapors -> Hydrides
Canonical SMILES:P
Recent ClinicalTrials:Study of PH3 for the Prevention of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal Women
Inhalation Risk:A harmful concentration of this gas in the air will be reached very quickly on loss of containment.
Effects of Short Term Exposure:The substance is severely irritating to the respiratory tract. Inhalation of this gas may cause lung oedema. Rapid evaporation of the liquid may cause frostbite. The substance may cause effects on the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, heart, gastrointestinal tract, liver and kidneys. This may result in impaired functions. Exposure above the OEL could cause unconsciousness and death. Medical observation is indicated.
Effects of Long Term Exposure:Non-specific complaints like gastrointestinal disorders, headache, nausea etc. may occur.
Description Phosphine is a colorless, flammable gas that is heavier than air and has a characteristic odor described as being similar to decaying fish. Pure phosphine is claimed to be odorless, even at a level of 200 ppm. The odor threshold for commercially available phosphine ranges from 0.02 ppm to 3 ppm. It has an autoignition temperature of 100°F (37.8°C) and ignites spontaneously when traces of other phosphorous hydrides such as diphosphine are present. For all practical purposes, phosphine should be handled both as a pyrophoric and highly toxic gas. Phosphine is stable at room temperature and begins to decompose at about 707°F (375°C), with complete decomposition at about 1100°F (593°C). Phosphine is readily oxidized by common oxidizers such as potassium permanganate and sodium hypochlorite. Unlike arsine, it will have some reaction with the alkalis. Phosphine is a strong reducing agent and can precipitate a number of heavy metals from solutions of their salts. It will react violently with oxidizers such as oxygen, chlorine, fluorine, and nitric oxide. Phosphine is shipped in the pure form as a liquefied gas, and is also commonly available as a mixture when blended with hydrogen or inert gases.
Physical properties Colorless gas with an odor of decaying fish; flammable; burns with a luminous flame; density 1.492 g/L; liquefies at -87.7°C; solidifies at -133°C; critical temperature 51.35°C; critical pressure 64.55 atm; slightly soluble in water; the solution is weakly basic.
Uses Phosphine is used in a variety of organic preparations and in the preparation of phosphonium halides. It is commonly used (in gas mixtures) as a doping agent for n-type semiconductors, and as a pure gas in the manufacture of light-emitting diodes. It is also used as a fumigant at low concentrations for grain. Phosphine is used as a fumigant, in the synthesis of many organophosphorus compounds, and as a doping agent for electronic components. It occurs in the waste gases from plants manufacturing semiconductors and thin-film photovoltaic cells. The presence of bound residues of phosphine in fumigated commodities has been reported (Rangaswamy and Sasikala 1986). Phosphine is the most widely used fumigant for insect con-trol in the durable commodities throughout the world. It is increasingly used as a treatment to re-place methyl bromide especially because of its low cost, fast dispersion in the air and low residues. Versatility of use is a major advantage for phosphine, as it can be used in a variety of storage buildings, during transit (e.g. in ship holds) or in plastic sheet enclosures. It is close to an ideal fumigant except for few drawbacks: slow activity, the rapid increase in insect resistance, flammability at higher concentrations (>900 ppm) and corrosion of copper, silver and gold. The phosphine resistance among the insect populations was found to be the result of selection pressure caused by inadequate fumigations in the storage units; storage facilities not adequately sealed before fumigation; and fumigant concentrations not being monitored. The understanding of phosphine resistance mechanism, improved monitoring tactics and management of resistance are the priorities in tackling the problem (Rajendran, 2001). The other problems like corrosion and flammability were found to be limited by using the combination of heat (30–36℃), carbon dioxide (3–7%) and phosphine at 80–100 ppm, while achieving a complete insect control.

Technology Process of Phosphine

There total 575 articles about Phosphine which guide to synthetic route it. The literature collected by LookChem mainly comes from the sharing of users and the free literature resources found by Internet computing technology. We keep the original model of the professional version of literature to make it easier and faster for users to retrieve and use. At the same time, we analyze and calculate the most feasible synthesis route with the highest yield for your reference as below:

synthetic route:

Reference yield: 50.0%