10.1016/S0040-4039(01)80782-6
The research focuses on the synthesis of dinucleoside phosphorodithioates and phosphorothioates, which are analogues of oligonucleotides with potential applications as antiviral agents and in studies involving interactions with nucleic acids and proteins. The purpose of the study is to develop an alternative and convenient approach to synthesizing these analogues using protected nucleoside 3'-phosphonodithioates as starting materials. The researchers successfully converted 5'-O-(9-phenylxanthen-9-yl)thymidine into its 3'-phosphonodithioate derivative and further into dinucleoside phosphonothioate and dinucleoside phosphorodithioate with good overall yields. Key chemicals used in the process include triethylammonium salt, 3'-O-acetylthymidine, pivaloyl chloride, and sulfur. The study concludes that the procedure is potentially applicable to the synthesis of phosphorodithioate analogues of oligodeoxyribo- and oligoribo-nucleotides, both in solution and on solid supports, and that the synthesized dinucleoside phosphorodithioate (6a) is resistant to digestion by snake venom phosphodiesterase, bovine spleen phosphodiesterase, and nuclease PI.
10.1021/jo01375a001
The study focuses on the synthesis and characterization of neopentyl esters of acrylic and methacrylic acids. Neopentyl alcohol, a key reactant, was prepared using two methods: the Whitmore method involving tert-butylmagnesium chloride and pivalyl chloride, and the more practical lithium aluminum hydride reduction of pivalic acid. Neopentyl acrylate was synthesized from neopentyl alcohol and either acryloyl chloride or acrylic acid, while neopentyl methacrylate was prepared from neopentyl alcohol and either methacryloyl chloride or methacrylic acid. The esters' physical properties were measured and reported. The study also highlighted the partly hindered character of neopentyl methacrylate, which affected its saponification process.
10.1002/anie.201303039
The study focuses on the discovery and characterization of a novel polyoxygenated ether lipid called mycalol (1), which exhibits promising cytotoxic properties against human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) cells. ATC is an aggressive form of thyroid cancer with limited treatment options. Mycalol was identified through a screening method involving FRO cells, which are ATC-derived cells with high levels of HMGA1, and FRO-asHMGA1 cells, which are genetically modified to block HMGA1 synthesis. The chemical served as a potential candidate for novel compounds against tumors that are otherwise resistant to cytotoxic agents. The study used various chemicals for extraction, fractionation, and analysis, including chloroform, methanol, and a modified Kupchan method for extraction, as well as silica gel radial chromatography and reverse-phase HPLC for purification. Additionally, deuterated acetone and dimethoxypropane were used to synthesize triacetonide derivatives for NMR analysis, and pivaloyl chloride and benzoyl chloride were used for selective derivatization to determine the stereochemistry of mycalol. The purpose of these chemicals was to isolate, purify, and structurally characterize mycalol, as well as to assess its cytotoxic activity against different cell lines, particularly those derived from ATC.
10.1002/ejic.201000330
The research focuses on the development of a new dianionic bis(amidinate) ligand framework with a conformationally rigid naphthalene linker for coordination with lanthanide ions. The purpose of this study was to create a suitable coordination environment for these ions, which could potentially influence the stability and reactivity of rare-earth organometallic compounds. The conclusions drawn from the study were that the new ligand framework could coordinate to lanthanide atoms in different ways depending on the ion size of the central atom, and that the synthesis of a samarium alkyl species using this ligand led to an unexpected amido-amidinate complex due to the cleavage of one amidinate group during the decomposition of the transient alkyl species. Key chemicals used in the process included 1,8-diaminonaphthalene, pivaloyl chloride, PCl5, 2,6-dimethylaniline, and lanthanide chlorides (YCl3, NdCl3, SmCl3), as well as lithium amide reagents like nBuLi and LiCH2SiMe3.
10.1007/BF00515024
The study investigates the regioselectivity of the rearrangement of propionic acid N,N-diarylhydrazides under Kost reaction conditions. The chemicals involved include propionic acid N,N-diarylhydrazides with various substituents (electron-donor methyl groups and electron-acceptor nitro groups) in the aromatic rings, which serve as the starting materials. Phosphorus oxychloride is used as a reagent to facilitate the rearrangement, leading to the formation of N-aryl-2-amino-indoles. These indoles are then acylated using pivalyl chloride to form stable N-acylamino derivatives, which are analyzed to determine the ratios of resulting isomers. The study aims to understand the influence of different substituents on the direction of indolization and provides evidence for the significant electronic effect of these substituents on the regioselectivity of the rearrangement, suggesting that the formation of the C-C bond in the Kost reaction primarily occurs through intramolecular electrophilic substitution.