Bidentate ligands are molecules that have two donor sites capable of binding to the metal center of a catalyst. They can provide enhanced stability to the metal complex, which can, in some cases, lead to increased reaction rates due to better coordination. Bidentate ligands can also influence the spatial orientation of the substrate and the hydrogen source in the catalytic complex, potentially enhancing enantioselectivity through geometric effects. However, in some cases, bidentate ligands can lead to less flexibility in the active catalytic species, potentially reducing their ability to adapt to different substrates or steric environments.
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