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| CAS No.: | 60-35-5 |
|---|---|
| Name: | Acetamide |
| Article Data: | 547 |
| Molecular Structure: | |
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|
|
| Formula: | C2H5NO |
| Molecular Weight: | 59.0678 |
| Synonyms: | Aceticacid amide;Acetimidic acid;Ethanamide;Ethanimidic acid;Methanecarboxamide;NSC 25945; |
| EINECS: | 200-473-5 |
| Density: | 0.947 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point: | 78-80 °C(lit.) |
| Boiling Point: | 221.1 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Flash Point: | 90.1 °C |
| Solubility: | 2000 g/L (20 °C) in water |
| Appearance: | colourless deliquescent crystals |
| Hazard Symbols: |
 Xn
|
| Risk Codes: | 40 |
| Safety: | 36/37 |
| Transport Information: | UN 3077 9/PG 3 |
| PSA: | 43.09000 |
| LogP: | 0.19190 |
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| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With manganese(IV) oxide; water In isopropyl alcohol at 70℃; under 5171.62 Torr; for 0.25h; | 99% |
| With C43H42Cl2NRu; water at 20℃; for 4h; Catalytic behavior; | 99% |
| With (PN3P)Ni(OH); water In tetrahydrofuran at 100℃; for 24h; Mechanism; Inert atmosphere; Schlenk technique; Sealed tube; | 99% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With ethyl hydrazine hydrochloride In methanol at 10 - 20℃; for 2h; Temperature; | A 98.9% B 98.29% |
- 60-35-5
acetamide
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With sodium at 90℃; under 15001.5 Torr; for 6h; Reagent/catalyst; Temperature; Pressure; Time; Autoclave; | 98.5% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With ammonium hydroxide at 36℃; under 525.053 Torr; for 8h; Temperature; Pressure; | 98% |
| With ammonia; water |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With Candida antarctica lipase B; ammonium carbamate In various solvent(s) at 35℃; for 72h; Substitution; | 98% |
| With ammonia; zirconium(IV) oxide In benzene at 150℃; | 97% |
| With ammonium hydroxide; tin(IV) oxide at 200℃; | 3% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With bismuth(III) nitrate In acetonitrile for 0.166667h; Heating; | 97% |
| With tetrabutylammonium periodite In dichloromethane at 20℃; for 0.0333333h; | 96% |
| With Oxone for 0.0833333h; | 95% |
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With borohydride exchange resin; nickel diacetate In methanol for 1h; Ambient temperature; | 97% |
- 60-35-5
acetamide
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With sodium at 140℃; for 5h; Autoclave; | 96.2% |
- 60-35-5
acetamide
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With sodium at 140℃; for 4h; Autoclave; | 95.6% |
- 120157-98-4
N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)acetamide
- 60-35-5
acetamide
| Conditions | Yield |
|---|---|
| With trifluoroacetic acid In dichloromethane for 1h; Ambient temperature; | 95% |
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Specification
The IUPAC name of this chemical is acetamide. With the CAS registry number 60-35-5 and EINECS 200-473-5, it is also named as Acetic acid amide. The product's categories are Pharmaceutical Intermediates; Acetamide. It is colourless deliquescent crystals which is soluble in liquid ammonia, aliphatic amines, water, alcohol, pyridine, chloroform, glycerol, hot benzene, methyl ethyl ketone, butanol, benzyl alcohol, cyclohexanone, isoamyl alcohol, slightly soluble in benzene, insoluble in ether. It will produce toxic nitrogen oxide fumes when buring. So the storage environment should be well-ventilated, low-temperature and dry.
The other characteristics of this product can be summarized as: (1)ACD/LogP: -1.23; (2)# of Rule of 5 Violations: 0; (3)ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): -1.23; (4)ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): -1.23; (5)ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): 1; (6)ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): 1; (7)ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): 5.08; (8)ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): 5.08; (9)#H bond acceptors: 2; (10)#H bond donors: 2; (11)#Freely Rotating Bonds: 0; (12)Polar Surface Area: 20.31 Å2; (13)Index of Refraction: 1.392; (14)Molar Refractivity: 14.87 cm3; (15)Molar Volume: 62.3 cm3; (16)Surface Tension: 29.9 dyne/cm; (17)Enthalpy of Vaporization: 45.76 kJ/mol; (18)Vapour Pressure: 0.109 mmHg at 25°C; (19)Tautomer Count: 2; (20)Exact Mass: 59.037114; (21)MonoIsotopic Mass: 59.037114; (22)Topological Polar Surface Area: 43.1; (23)Heavy Atom Count: 4; (24)Complexity: 33.
Preparation of Acetamide: In laboratory, it can be obtained by dehydration of ammonium acetate: CH3COONH4 → CH3CONH2 + H2O. It is also typically produced by hydrolysis of acetonitrile in industry: CH3CN + H2O → CH3C(O)NH2.
Uses of Acetamide: It is used as plasticizer, stabilizing agent, analytical reagent and industrial solvent. It is also used in organic synthesis, pharmacy industry and dye preparation. Besides, it can react with propionyl chloride to get acetyl-propionyl-amine. This reaction needs reagent pyridine by heating. The reaction time is 1 hours. The yield is 72%.
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When you are using this chemical, please be cautious about it as the following:
It has limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect. If you want to contact this product, you must wear suitable protective clothing and gloves.
People can use the following data to convert to the molecule structure.
1. SMILES:O=C(N)C
2. InChI:InChI=1/C2H5NO/c1-2(3)4/h1H3,(H2,3,4)
3. InChIKey:DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYAC
The following are the toxicity data which has been tested.
| Organism | Test Type | Route | Reported Dose (Normalized Dose) | Effect | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| chicken | LDLo | intravenous | 33410mg/kg (33410mg/kg) | Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. Vol. 20, Pg. 1242, 1970. | |
| mouse | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 1gm/kg (1000mg/kg) | JNCI, Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Vol. 62, Pg. 911, 1979. | |
| mouse | LD50 | intravenous | 10gm/kg (10000mg/kg) | PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE | Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. Vol. 64(1), Pg. 42S, 1968. |
| mouse | LD50 | oral | 12900mg/kg (12900mg/kg) | PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE | Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. Vol. 64(1), Pg. 42S, 1968. |
| mouse | LD50 | subcutaneous | 8300mg/kg (8300mg/kg) | PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FLACCID PARALYSIS WITHOUT ANESTHESIA (USUALLY NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKAGE) CARDIAC: CHANGE IN RATE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM: "SMOOTH MUSCLE RELAXANT (MECHANISM UNDEFINED, SPASMOLYTIC)" | Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. Vol. 4, Pg. 451, 1970. |
| rabbit | LD50 | intravenous | 7500mg/kg (7500mg/kg) | PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE | Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. Vol. 64(1), Pg. 42S, 1968. |
| rat | LD50 | intraperitoneal | 10300mg/kg (10300mg/kg) | BEHAVIORAL: ALTERED SLEEP TIME (INCLUDING CHANGE IN RIGHTING REFLEX) BEHAVIORAL: MUSCLE WEAKNESS LUNGS, THORAX, OR RESPIRATION: DYSPNEA | Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. Vol. 20, Pg. 1242, 1970. |
| rat | LD50 | intravenous | 12500mg/kg (12500mg/kg) | PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: SPASTIC PARALYSIS WITH OR WITHOUT SENSORY CHANGE SENSE ORGANS AND SPECIAL SENSES: LACRIMATION: EYE | Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Japanese Journal of Pharmacology. Vol. 64(1), Pg. 42S, 1968. |
| rat | LD50 | oral | 7gm/kg (7000mg/kg) | Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. Vol. 4, Pg. 219, 1962. | |
| rat | LD50 | subcutaneous | 10gm/kg (10000mg/kg) | PERIPHERAL NERVE AND SENSATION: FLACCID PARALYSIS WITHOUT ANESTHESIA (USUALLY NEUROMUSCULAR BLOCKAGE) AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM: "SMOOTH MUSCLE RELAXANT (MECHANISM UNDEFINED, SPASMOLYTIC)" CARDIAC: CHANGE IN RATE | Oyo Yakuri. Pharmacometrics. Vol. 4, Pg. 451, 1970. |
| rat | LD50 | unreported | 2300mg/kg (2300mg/kg) | Arzneimittel-Forschung. Drug Research. Vol. 18, Pg. 645, 1968. |