10340-91-7Relevant articles and documents
A more sustainable and highly practicable synthesis of aliphatic isocyanides
Waibel,Nickisch,M?hl,Seim,Meier
, p. 933 - 941 (2020)
Synthesis protocols to convert N-formamides into isocyanides using three different dehydration reagents (i.e. p-toluenesulfonyl chloride (p-TsCl), phosphoryl trichloride (POCl3) and the combination of triphenylphosphane (PPh3) and iodine) were investigated and optimized, while considering the principles of green chemistry. Comparison of the yield and the E-factors of the different synthesis procedures revealed that, in contrast to the typically applied POCl3 or phosgene derivatives, p-TsCl was the reagent of choice for non sterically demanding aliphatic mono- or di-N-formamides (yields up to 98% and lowest E-factor 6.45). Apart from a significantly reduced E-factor, p-TsCl is cheap, offers a simplified reaction protocol and work-up, and is less toxic compared to other dehydration reagents. Thus, this procedure offers easier and greener access to aliphatic isocyanide functionalities.
Ugi Multicomponent Reaction Based Synthesis of Medium-Sized Rings
Abdelraheem, Eman M. M.,Madhavachary, Rudrakshula,Rossetti, Arianna,Kurpiewska, Katarzyna,Kalinowska-Tlu?cik, Justyna,Shaabani, Shabnam,D?mling, Alexander
, p. 6176 - 6179 (2017)
An Ugi multicomponent reaction based two-step strategy was applied to generate medium-sized rings. In the first linear expansion phase, a series of diamines reacted with cyclic anhydrides to produce different lengths of terminal synthetic amino acids as the starting material for the second phase. The Ugi-4-center 3-component reaction was utilized to construct complex medium-sized rings (8-11) by the addition of isocyanides and oxo components. This method features mild conditions and a broad substrate scope.
Synthesis and structure–activity relationship of α-keto amides as enterovirus 71 3C protease inhibitors
Zeng, Debin,Ma, Yuying,Zhang, Rui,Nie, Quandeng,Cui, Zhengjie,Wang, Yaxin,Shang, Luqing,Yin, Zheng
, p. 1762 - 1766 (2016)
α-Keto amide derivatives as enterovirus 71 (EV71) 3C protease (3Cpro) inhibitors have been synthesized and assayed for their biochemical and antiviral activities. structure–activity relationship (SAR) study indicated that small moieties were primarily tolerated at P1' and the introduction of para-fluoro benzyl at P2 notably improved the potency of inhibitor. Inhibitors 8v, 8w and 8x exhibited satisfactory activity (IC50= 1.32 ± 0.26 μM, 1.88 ± 0.35 μM and 1.52 ± 0.31 μM, respectively) and favorable CC50values (CC50> 100 μM). α-Keto amide may represent a good choice as a warhead for EV71 3Cproinhibitor.
Electrochemical generation of alkyl and aryl isocyanides
Guirado, Antonio,Zapata, Andres,Gomez, Jesus L.,Trabalon, Luis,Galvez, Jesus
, p. 9631 - 9640 (1999)
An efficient and widely applicable reagent-free method for the synthesis of alkyl and aryl isocyanides has been established. The electrochemical reduction of alkyl and aryl carbonimidoyl dichlorides under constant cathode potential leads to the corresponding isocyanides in almost quantitative yields. The availability of the starting materials, the mildness of the reaction conditions as well as the easy isolation of products are noteworthy, advantageous features of the procedure.
Synthesis of isocyanides by reacting primary amines with difluorocarbene
Si, Yi-Xin,Zhu, Peng-Fei,Zhang, Song-Lin
, p. 9086 - 9090 (2020)
A general, convenient, and friendly route for preparing a versatile building block of isocyanides from primary amines is developed. Difluorocarbene, generated in situ from decarboxylation of chlorodifluoroacetate, reacts efficiently with primary amines to produce isocyanides. Various primary amines are well tolerated, including aryl, heteroaryl, benzyl, and alkyl amines, as well as amine residues in amino acids and peptides. Late-stage functionalization of biologically active amines is demonstrated, showing its practical capacity in drug design and peptide modification.
ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF CARBONIMIDOYL DICHLORIDES. A NEW METHOD FOR THE PREPARATION OF ISOCYANIDES
Guirado, Antonio,Zapata, Andres,Fenor, Manuel
, p. 4779 - 4782 (1992)
The cathodic reduction of carbonimidoyl dichlorides provides a new, mild and free-reagent method for the preparation of isocyanides in almost quantitative yields.
Multicomponent Ugi Reaction of Indole- N-carboxylic Acids: Expeditious Access to Indole Carboxamide Amino Amides
Zeng, Linwei,Sajiki, Hironao,Cui, Sunliang
, p. 5269 - 5272 (2019)
A novel multicomponent Ugi-type reaction for the synthesis of indole carboxamide amino amides from aldehydes, amines, isocyanides, and indole-N-carboxylic acids, which were simply prepared from indoles and CO2, is described. This method provides an expeditious and practical access to indole tethered peptide units, along with the achievement of remarkable structural diversity and brevity. Gram-scale reaction was conducted to demonstrate the scalability, and the products could be transformed to new indole derivatives.
Formamide Synthesis through Borinic Acid Catalysed Transamidation under Mild Conditions
Mohy El Dine, Tharwat,Evans, David,Rouden, Jacques,Blanchet, Jér?me
, p. 5894 - 5898 (2016)
A highly efficient and mild transamidation of amides with amines co-catalysed by borinic acid and acetic acid has been reported. A wide range of functionalised formamides was synthesized in excellent yields, including important chiral α-amino acid derivatives, with minor racemisation being observed. Experiments suggested that the reaction rely on a cooperative catalysis involving an enhanced boron-derived Lewis acidity rather than an improved Br?nsted acidity of acetic acid. Amide bonds are reputedly difficult to activate due to their high resonance stabilization. An unusual mild activation of dimethylformamide and formamide by borinic acid 1 (see scheme), illustrated by a general formylation of a wide range of amines, including chiral α-amino esters, has been reported.
Microwave-assisted synthesis of isonitriles: A general simple methodology
Porcheddu, Andrea,Giacomelli, Giampaolo,Salaris, Margherita
, p. 2361 - 2363 (2005)
(Chemical Equation Presented) A facile conversion of formamides to isonitriles under very mild conditions and microwave irradiation is described. This simple and efficient method has been applied for the synthesis of both aliphatic and aromatic isonitriles in high yields.
One-Pot Synthesis of Thiocarbamates
Barther, Dennis,Malliaridou, Triantafillia,Meier, Michael A. R.,Moatsou, Dafni,Waibel, Kevin A.
supporting information, p. 4508 - 4516 (2021/08/30)
An efficient isocyanide-based synthesis of S-thiocarbamates was discovered and thoroughly investigated. The new reaction protocol is a one-pot procedure and allows the direct conversion of N-formamides into thiocarbamates by initial dehydration with p-toluene sulfonyl chloride to the respective isocyanide and subsequent addition of a sulfoxide component. Contrary to recent literature, which also uses isocyanides as starting material, but with other sulfur reagents than sulfoxides, in this protocol, no isolation and purification of the isocyanide component is necessary, thus significantly decreasing the environmental impact and increasing the efficiency of the synthesis. The new protocol was applied to synthesize a library of sixteen thiocarbamates, applying four N-formamides and four commercially available sulfoxides. Furthermore, experiments were conducted to investigate the reaction mechanism. Finally, four norbornene-based thiocarbamate monomers were prepared and applied in controlled ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) reactions. The polymers were characterized by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) and their properties were investigated utilizing differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).
