105-82-8Relevant articles and documents
A catalytic conversion method for preparing pyruvate ester of lactic acid (by machine translation)
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Sheet 0026, (2016/10/10)
A method for preparing pyruvate through catalytic conversion of lactic acid is provided; according to the method, with oxygen or air as an oxidant, alcohol as a solvent, and molybdovanadophosphoric heteropoly acid and/or tungstovanadophosphoric heteropoly acid as a catalyst, and by coupling of a catalytic oxidation reaction and an esterification reaction, lactic acid is converted into pyruvate by one step. The method directly adopts oxygen or air as the oxidant and is green and safe; the used raw material lactic acid is obtained directly from conversion of biomass resources, moreover, the reaction conditions are mild, and the method has important application prospects.
Formation of Δ4-oxocenes from Lewis acid promoted cyclizations of 5-hexenyl acetals. Evidence for a concerted ene cyclization mechanism
Blumenkopf, Todd A.,Look, Gary C.,Overman, Larry E.
, p. 4399 - 4403 (2007/10/02)
Both the intermolecular (kinetic) and intramolecular (product) hydrogen-deuterium isotope effects were determined to be 1.65 for the formation of 2-methyl-4-(trimethylsilyl)-Δ4-oxocene (20) from the SnCl4-promoted cyclization of acetals 19, 30, and 31 (eq 6). In other experiments silyl acetal 32 was found to cyclize in the presence of SnCl4 to form the silyl-Δ4-oxocene 34 and the alkylideneoxepane 35 in 2:1 ratio (eq 7). Both results provide strong evidence that the formation of 4-(trimethylsilyl)-Δ4-oxocenes from SnCl4-promoted cyclizations of 5-(trimethylsilyl)-5-hexenyl acetals takes place by a concerted intramolecular ene mechanism. Also reported are SnCl4-promoted exchange reactions of formaldehyde- and aldehyde-derived acetals, which occur readily at -10 to 0 °C and -70 °C, respectively (eqs 2 and 3).